1、英语阅读材料第六章 阅读理解与阅读技能2009-11-15 23:36:27|分类： 我的世界 |标签： |字号大中小订阅 第六章 阅读理解与阅读技能P249（1）记叙文Stephen Hawking was born in 1942. Hes a world famous scientist and expert on space and time. Stephen is trying to find the answers to some very big questions, such as: how did the universe being? How will it end?斯蒂芬
2、在1942年出生。他是研究空间和时间领域的一位举世闻名的科学家和专家。斯蒂芬设法发现一些非常大问题的答案，例如：宇宙未来会怎样？它会怎样结束？Stephen was a student at Oxford University. He studied math and science. Then, at the age of twenty, he became very ill. He was so young, but the doctor said to his family, “He has only two years to live.” The doctors were wrong-
3、he didnt die. He cant walk now but he uses a wheelchair. He talks with the help of a computer. After Oxford, Stephen went to Cambridge University. Three years later, in 1963, he became a doctor of philosophy.斯蒂芬曾经是牛津大学的学生。他学习数学和科学。然而，在20岁时，他生病了。他是如此年轻，但医生告诉他的家人，“他只活两年。”医生是错误的，他没有死。他现在虽然不能走路，但他可以使用了轮
4、椅。随着计算机的帮助，他可以通过计算机举行会谈。牛津大学毕业后，斯蒂芬前往剑桥大学学习。3年后，在1963年，他成为哲学博士。Because of his health problems, it was difficult for him to draw diagrams or to write. So he started to think in pictures. With this new way of thinking, he became one of the most famous scientists in the world. In 1981, he met Pope in R
5、ome. They talked about his ideas. Then, in 1988, he wrote his first important book, A Brief History of Time. It sold more than 5.5 million copies in 33 different countries.由于他的健康问题，出图或写作对于他是很难的。 因此他在图片上开始思考。 这种新的思维方式，使他在世界上成为了一位最著名的科学家。在1981年，他在罗马遇见了教皇。他们谈论了他的想法。然后，在1988年他写了他的第一本重要的书，时间的简史。 它在33个不同国
6、家卖了超过550万本。（2）说明文One type of solar collector is not very expensive. It is put on the roof of a building. It is usually put on the sunny side of the roof. The sun is most direct in this side, and the unit will collect more heat. The surface is black because black collects more heat from the sun. Insi
7、de, there are pipes with water. The top is a piece of glass. The sun shines through the glass and air inside. It heats the water that is also inside. A pump, a machine to move the water, starts when water is warm enough. Then hot water goes into a storage tank. This tank stores or keeps the hot wate
8、r. Then there is hot water to use for washing clothes or taking baths and showers.太阳能的集热器是一种不是非常昂贵的类型设备。它在大厦的屋顶被投入使用。它通常放在屋顶的向阳面。 太阳是多数直接在这边晒过来的，并且单位将收集更多热。 太阳能的集热器表面是黑的，因为黑色从太阳收集更多热到集热器里面，在内部，有水管道。最顶部是一块玻璃。 太阳通过玻璃和空气发光里面。 它加热也是里面的水。 当水是足够，温暖的泵浦，移动水的机器，起动。 然后热水进入储存箱。 这辆坦克存放或保留热水。然后，有热水使用洗衣服或洗澡和淋浴。（3
9、）议论文There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth, one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things, persons, events and the resulting effects upon their minds.有二种类型的人生活在世界上。 虽然他们有相等的
10、程度健康和财富，但是仍然出现一个人变得愉快，另一个人变得不快乐。这源自于他们认为事情有不同的方式，人员，事件和在他们头脑中造成的影响。People who are happy fix their attention on the good side of tings: the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodness of the wine and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be
11、happy think and speak only of the opposite things. Therefore, they are continually unhappy. They speak ill of the pleasure of society, hurt many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind was founded in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The in
12、tention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong, but it may be cured when those who have it realize its bad effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to the
13、m, and help them change this habit.人们把注意力放在快乐的事情好的一面:会话的愉悦,准备好菜,善良的酒和晴朗的天气。他们享受所有的快乐的事情。那些是谁的幸福认为，只有相反的事情发言。因此，他们不断不满。他们褒贬是社会的快乐，伤害了很多人，使自己不愉快的地方。如果这样的胸怀，又成立于自然，这种不愉快的人将是更值得同情。批评的目的和不喜欢的也许是被占用的模仿。它长成一种习惯，我们不知它的拥有者。这个习惯可能会较为强劲，但它可能被治愈当那些谁也实现了他们的兴趣和口味的不良影响。我希望这个小小的警告可能的服务对他们，帮助他们改变这种习惯。Although in fac
14、t it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many other; nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect. This often puts them in bad temper and draws them in
15、to arguments. If they aim at getting some advantages in social position of fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anybody starts a step or speak a word to favor their hopes. If they bring on themselves public objections, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their
16、 wrongdoings. These should change this bad habit and be pleased with that is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about themselves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable, especially when one becomes mixed up in their
17、quarrels.虽然实际上它只是一个幻想，,但它会严重的结果,因为它会带来人生的悲痛和坏运气。那些人得罪了许多其他人;没有人喜欢他们,没有人愿意对他们有最常见的礼貌和尊重。这常常使他们大动肝火而与他人争吵。如果他们的目标是获得一些有优势的社会地位的财富,也没有人希望他们的成功。任何人也不会启动一个步骤或者说一个字看好他们的希望。如果他们自己带来的公众反对的意见,没人会为他们辩护,很多人加入指责他们所犯的错。这些应该改变坏习惯,那就是感到满意,而不必无谓地担心自己和他人。如果他们不这样做,那将有利于他人,以避免任何接触。否则,它可以被讨厌,特别是当一个人变得混淆在他们之间的争吵。P253 例1
18、Surtsey was born in 1963. Scientists saw the birth of this island. It began at 7.30 a.m. on 14th November. A fishing boat was near Iceland. The boat moved under the captains feet. He noticed a strange smell. He saw some black smoke. A volcano was breaking out. Red-hot rocks, fire and smoke were rush
19、ing up form the bottom of the sea. The island grew quickly. It was 10 meters high the next day and 60 meters high on 18th November. Scientists flew there to watch. It was exciting. Smoke and fire were still rushing up. Pieces of red-hot rock were flying into the air and falling into the sea. The sea
20、 was boiling and there was a strange light in the sky. Surtsey grew and grew. Then it stopped in June 1967. It was 175 meters high and 2 kilometers long. And life was already coming to Surtsey. Plants grew. Birds came. Some scientists built a house. They want to learn about this young island. A new
21、island is like a new world.Surtsey 1963年出生的。科学家们看到这个岛的诞生。它始于11月14日上午7点30分。一艘渔船靠近冰岛。船在船长的脚。他注意到一股怪味。他看到一些黑烟。火山爆发了。炽热岩石、火、烟被冲起来形成海底。岛上的快速增长。它是10米高,次日11月18日长到60米高。科学家们飞往那里观看。这是令人振奋的。烟和火还跑。炽热岩石片断飞入空气并且落入海。 海煮沸，并且在天空有奇怪的光。Surtsey不停的增长。然后它在1967年6月长到175米高和2公里长的时候停止增长。Surtsey迎来了新的生命。植物生长。鸟儿来了。一些科学家在岛上建了房子。他
22、们想了解这个年轻的岛屿。一个新的岛就像一个崭新的世界。例2Tigers are found in many Asian countries. In the forest and grasslands, a tiger is hard to see. The sunlight is shining through leaves and branches and makes patches of bright light and shadow. A tigers golden colored coat with its dark stripes is not easily seen for its
23、 hair is the same color as the blades of yellowish grass and patches of deep shadow.老虎在许多亚洲国家被发现。在森林和草原，老虎是很难看到的。闪亮的阳光透过枝叶和利用了明亮的光线和阴影补丁。一只老虎的黄金色与深色条纹外套是不容易看到,它的头发是一样的黄色草深的阴影补丁的叶片颜色相同。This way of hiding itself is very important, because tigers are hunters. If other animals could see a tiger coming,
24、they would quickly run away. A tiger has very strong, sharp teeth which are used for seizing and eating the animal it catches. A tigers chief food are deer, wild pigs and other small animals, but it will also kill cows. Tigers usually hunt and eat at night, and during the day they lie eating.这样的隐藏自己
25、是非常重要的,因为老虎是猎人。如果其他动物可以看见一只老虎来,他们很快就会跑掉。老虎身上有非常强,锋利的牙齿,是用来抓住和吃动物捕获它。老虎的主要食物是鹿、野猪和其他小动物,但是它也会杀牛。老虎通常到晚上吃,躺卧着,吃着白天的猎物。P255 例1Every year thousands of young people in England finish school and then take a year off before they start work or go to university. Some young people go to other countries and wo
26、rk as volunteers. Volunteers give their time to help people. For example, they woke in schools or hospitals, or they do something helpful for the environment.在他们开始工作或去大学之前，数以万计青年人在英国每年完成学业然后需要一年的时间去做一些事情。有些年轻人去其他国家和做志愿者。利用义工时间去帮助别人。例如,他们在学校和医院做义工,或者是他们做一些有益的环境的事情。例2Dreams may be more important than
27、sleep. Some people dont need much sleep. But we all need to dream, scientists say.梦想可能是更为重要的睡眠。有些人并不需要太多的睡眠。但是，我们都需要梦想，科学家们说。Dreams take up about one quarter of our sleeping time. People have dreams each night. Dreams are like short films. They are usually in color. Some dreams are like old films. T
28、hey come to us over and over again. That may be because dreamer is worrying about something. Dreaming may be a way of trying to find an answer. 梦想约占了的睡眠时间的四分之一。人们每天晚上都做梦。梦像短片一样。他们通常有颜色的。有些梦想是像老电影。他们一遍又一遍找我们。这可能就是因为担心才产生的梦。梦想可能是试图寻找答案的一种方式。Some people get new ideas about their work from dreams. They
29、could have been thinking about their work all day. These thoughts can carry over into dreams.有些人对自己的工作有的新梦想。他们可能整天一直在想着他们工作。这些想法会延续到的梦想。P256 例1New York State has passed the USAs first state law banning motorists talking on cell phones. The ban will begin on November 1, although drivers caught using
30、cell phones will be given only warning during the first month.纽约州已经通过了美国的首次国事访问法律，禁止驾驶者在驾驶的时候使用手机。禁令在11月1日将开始实行，在第一个月期间，司机被发现使用手机将获得警告。例5British workers have the longest working week in Europe, with 23vacation days-the shortest vacation. So they feel overworked. 75% say their weekends of vacations a
31、re too short and 40% would sacrifice a days pay for one more vacation day.英国工作者有最长的工作周在欧洲，只有23天的假期，这最短的假期的。所以他们觉得劳累。75%人说周末的假期太短了,40%的人愿意牺牲一天的工资为假期的日子。P258 例1After a busy day of work and play, the body needs to rest. Sleep in necessary for good health. During this time, the body recovers from the ac
32、tivities of the day. The rest that you get while sleeping makes it possible for your body to prepare itself for the next day.忙碌了一天的工作和玩乐,身体需要休息。睡眠对身体健康的必要。在这时间，身体恢复当天的活动。您得到是，其他在睡觉的时候,你也就可以使你的身体为第二天的活动做好准备。例2We have always been interested in the moon. 2,000 years ago people already knew it moved around the earth and where it would be in the sky at different times of the year. At that time, everything about the moon was learned by watching it carefully in the sky.我们一直都对月亮很感兴趣。两千多年前的人已经知道它是绕地球,而且知道它一年中将会在不同时期出现在天空。那时,所有关于月球的学习都是来自对天空的仔细观察。When scientists could u
