1、高考英语 必考热点分类集中营22014高考英语必考热点分类集中营2要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的value n价值 v估价invaluable adj.无法估价的，无价的2survive vi.幸免；生幸存还survivor n幸存者survival n幸存，存活3amaze vt.使吃惊；惊讶amazing adj.令人吃惊的amazed adj.感到吃惊的amazement n惊奇，惊异4select vt.挑选；选择selective adj.有选择性的5design n设计；图案；构思vt.设计；计划；构思designer n设计者
2、6decorate v装饰；装修decoration n装饰，装饰物7jewel n珠宝；宝石jewellery n珠宝(总称)8remove vt.移动；搬开removal n移动；排除9doubt n怀疑；疑惑vt.怀疑；不信doubtful adj.怀疑的10former adj.以前的；从前的11worth prep.值得的，相当于的价值n.价值；作用adj.值钱的12evidence n根据；证据evident adj.明显的；有线索的13explode vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸14entrance n入口15sink vi.下沉；沉下16debate n争论；辩论vi.
3、争论；辩论重点短语1in search of 寻找2belong to 属于3in return 作为报答4at war 处于交战状态5less than 少于6take apart 拆开7think highly of 看重；器重8serve as 充当；担任9be of the fancy style 风格奇特的10rather than 而不是重点句型1Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would
4、have such an amazing history.普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世永远想象不到，他赠给俄罗斯人民的最厚重的礼物会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。2There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train. 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车3After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归便成了一个谜。范文假设你是李华。你的外国笔友Jane 打算于七月来中国，特来信了解中国的社交习俗。请你用英语回一封信，从以下几个方面作具体介
5、绍。 1.见面时的问候方式； 2.对赞美的回答方式； 3.接收礼物时的回应方式； 4.餐宴礼节。注意：1词数100左右，信的开头和结束语已为你写好(不计入总词数)。2可根据内容要点适当增加细节，使行文连贯。Dear Jane，Glad to hear from you and youre welcome to China July._I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey. Yours sincerely， Li HuaDear Jane，Glad to hear from you an
6、d youre welcome to China in July. The following are some Chinese customs. Firstly, we greet each other by saying “Hello” or asking such questions as “Where are you going？” or “Are you busy？” to express our care. Secondly, when praised, we reply with “Oh, no！” or “Im overpraised” to show good manners
7、. Next, when receiving a gift, we usually say “Its unnecessary” besides “Thanks” to show politeness and then put it away. Finally, at dinner parties, we talk loudly and touch glasses when drinking to someones health or success to show that were warm. Anyhow, different cultures, different customs. If
8、 you “Do as the Romans do when in Rome”， youll enjoy more of your stay here.I hope whats mentioned above might be helpful and wish you a good journey.Yours sincerely，Li Hua 考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1survive vt. 在之后仍然生存；逃生；比活得长vi. 活下来；幸存survival n. 存活，幸存survivor n. 幸存者survive sb. (by) 比某人活得长(几年)survive
9、 sth. 幸免于某事survive on sth. 靠存活下来survive from sth. 从存活下来；流传下来(1)It was lucky that the boy _ _.很幸运，这个男孩得以从大火中逃生。(2)She _ her husband by ten years.她比她丈夫多活了十年。(3)Many strange customs have _ earlier times.有许多古怪的习俗源远流长。survived thefiresurvivedsurvived from2design n设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思by designon purpose
10、有意，故意have designs on/upon sth. (money/life) 图谋(钱、生命等)be designed for sb./sth.be designed to do sth.be designed as sth.为某目的或用途而制造或计划(1)They have _ a lot of advanced electric equipments.他们已设计了许多先进的电子设备。(2)The experiment _ the new drug.实验的目的是试验新药。(3)These books are primarily _ the use of beginners.这些书主
11、要是供初学的人使用的。(4)She attended a school _.她就读于一所服装设计学校。designedis designed to testdesigned forof dress design 3fancy adj. 奇怪的；异样的vt. 想象；设想；爱好n想象力；幻想；爱好fancy oneself (as sth.) 自命不凡；自负fancyn.(to be)/asn. 认为是fancy (ones) doing 想象(某人)做某事have a fancy for 爱好catch/take ones fancy 合某人的心意；吸引某人take a fancy to sb.
12、/sth. 喜欢上/爱上某人/某物Just fancy! 想想看！奇怪！Fancy (that)! 真想不到！真奇怪！fancy dress/clothes 奇装异服Fancy Nancy did not fancy doing fancy work. But fancy Nancys fancy auntie did fancy Nancy doing fancy work. 可爱的南希没有想象到能做出出色的工作，而可爱的南希的漂亮的姑姑的确想象到南希做出了出色的工作。(1)Do you _this evening？今晚你想不想出去？(2)She _ a famous actress.她自以
13、为是个有名的演员。(3)She _ she was being followed.她觉得好像自己被跟踪了。fancy going outfancied herself(as/to be)fancied that提示：fancy用做动词，有时用于祈使句，表示惊奇，不相信，震惊等，后加名词、代词、动名词等做宾语，如Fancy meeting you here！想不到在这儿遇见你！4doubt n. 怀疑；疑惑vt. 怀疑；不信doubtful adj. 怀疑的beyond/out of doubt 毫无疑问地；确实地in doubt 不肯定；不确定no doubt 无疑地；很可能without d
14、oubt 无疑地；确实地I dont doubt that.我确信I doubt whether (if).我怀疑是否There is no doubt thatclauseabout.毫无疑问注意：doubt 在肯定句中用 whether或 if引导从句，但在疑问句和否定句中用 that引导从句。(1)_ they will agree with you on this matter.毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的意见的。(2)_ their football team will win the match.他们的足球队会不会赢得这场比赛还不能肯定。(3)I dont doubt_ he
15、 can finish the task on time.我相信他能按时完成任务。There is no doubt thatThere is some doubt whetherThat(4)I doubt_ they can swim across the river.我怀疑他们能否游过河去。(5)This meeting has been, _ , one of the most useful we have had so far.这无疑是我们迄今为止最有用的一次会议。whetherwithout doubt5worth prep. 值得的；相当于的价值n价值；作用 adj. 值钱的be
16、 worthn.“值”(仅限于少数表示钱数或某种代价的比喻性名词)be (well) worth doing “(很)值得做”(用 well修饰；用动名词的主动式表示被动含义)be worthyofn.ofbeing done值得做某事to be doneIt is worthwhileto do sth.doing sth.做某事是值得的另外：worthy 可用做前置定语，表示“有价值的；可敬的”，而 worth不能做前置定语。如：a worthy gentleman 一位可敬的绅士。(1)The trip was expensive but it _.这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分钱都不
17、冤枉。(2)The book is _ worth _.这本书很值得一读。(3)The article is worthy _._._. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。 was worth every pennywellreadingof careful studyof being studied carefullyto be studied carefully6in search ofin ones search for 寻找；搜寻search.for.在里面/身上搜寻search forlook forhunt for 寻找search out 找出某人或某物search through 把仔细搜
18、寻一遍make a search for.搜查，搜寻(1)They started off at once _ the missing girl.他们立即出发，寻找失踪的女孩。(2)The police _ her _ drugs.警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。(3)We have been _ the lost boy all over.我们一直在到处找那失踪的男孩。(4)He _ the book and gave it to me.他找出那本书给了我。(5)He _ (through) his pockets _ a cigarette.他把自己的口袋找遍了，想找到一根香烟。 in s
19、earch ofsearchedforsearching forsearched outsearchedfor拓展：in honour of 为了纪念；为向表示敬意in praise of 歌颂；表扬in memory of 为纪念in favour of 赞同，支持in place of 代替in charge of 负责in possession of 拥有in control of 控制in face of 面对in need/want of 需要7belong to 属于；为的一员(1)That dictionary _ the library.那本词典是图书馆的。(2)Do you
20、_ the trade union？你是工会会员吗？(3)Where do these plates _？这些盘子该放在哪？belongs tobelong tobelong提示：(1)belong to不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。(2)belong vi. “适合待在某处，放在某处”，没有含被动意味的过去分词用法。(3)belongings n. 财产，所有物，相关事物8in return 作为回报；作为交换in return for为作为回报without return 无赚头；无利润by return (接信后)立即回复return sb. sth. (return sth. to
21、 sb.) 将某物归还某人return to some place/life 回到某地/复活(1)He gave her some roses _ her kindness.他送给她一些玫瑰答谢她的好意。(2)They let us use their computers, and _ we give them the results of our research.他们让我们使用他们的电脑，作为交换，我们给他们提供我们的研究成果。in return forin return9at war处于交战状态at work在上班at play 在玩at peace 处于和平中at school 在上学
22、at breakfast 在吃早饭at table 在吃饭at desk 在学习at rest 静止(1)The two countries have been _ for years.这两国已经打了好几年仗了。(2)_ the insect looks like a dead leaf.这种昆虫不动时看上去像一片枯叶。(3)The countries have been _ for more than a century.这些国家和平共处已有一个多世纪了。at warAt restat peace提示：(1)on也可以表示“在中”，常见搭配有：on duty/sale/fire/strike
23、/business/show等。(2)under表示“在中”，常见搭配有：under way/control/repair/construction等。10take apart 拆开，拆散(1)The Germans _ the Amber Room and moved it away.德国人把琥珀屋拆开移走了。(2)John enjoys _ to see how they work.约翰喜欢拆卸东西，以研究它们的工作原理。took aparttaking things apart拓展：apart 是副词，“相距，相隔；分开，分离；在一边”。还可以构成如下短语：apart from 除以外k
24、now/tell. apart 辨认，区别put/set sb./sth. apart (from sb./sth.)使某人/某物显得优越或独特stand apart 分开站live apart 分开住be wide/far apart 相距很远这些短语中，若代词做宾语，要放在动词与 apart 之间。apart from有 besides 和 except 的双重含义。11think highly of 看重；器重think well/much of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价高think badly/little/ill/lightly of sb./sth. 对某人/某物评价低(
25、印象不好)think poorly of 不放在眼里；轻视think nothing of 轻视；认为无所谓speak highly of 高度赞扬speak well/ill of 说好/坏think of 想起，记得；觉得怎样think of.as.把当做(1)I dont _ these socalled improvements to the town center.我对这些所谓的改善市中心的措施评价不高。(2)We all _ her.我们都很看重她。think much ofthink highly of提示：当 think highly/well/much.of用于被动结构时，修
26、饰动词的副词应放在动词之前，即：be highly/well/much thought of。.重点句型详解1Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈威廉一世永远想象不到他赠给俄罗斯人民的最厚重的礼物会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。本句中 could never have imagined为情态动词表推测的用法，can和 cou
27、ld可以用在否定句和疑问句中，后接完成式，表示对已发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接进行时，表示对正发生的事情的惊讶、怀疑、猜测或不相信等；或接原形，表示对现在或一般情况的否定推测。Could/Can he have been told the news?他被告知这个消息了吗？He knew little about Japanese, so he couldnt have learned it. 他对日语一无所知，因此他不可能学过。The light is out. They cant be at home.灯灭着，他们现在不可能在家。拓展：(1)can/could主要用于否定推测；must 表推测只用于肯定句；mustnt表示“禁止；不允许”。情态动词 can和 must表推测时，其反意疑问句的动词形式要依据主句中有无具体时间状语而定。(2)could have done用于肯定句，则表示“本来能够做到却没有做到”，此时 could不能换成 can。It seems that he is unhappy. He must have been told the bad news.看起来他不高兴，他一定已被告知这个坏消息了。He could have caught the early bus, but his bike broke down on the w
