1、情态动词考点精简 情态动词的考点精简一、何谓“情态动词”？情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。高考试题常常借助语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查学生对情态动词的基本用法及其区别，近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词的表达“情感、态度、语气等”，情态动词表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。二、情态动词的特点1.没有人称和数的变化。2. 有些情态动词有过去式的变化:e.g. will would , can could , may might , dare dared三、情态动词的
2、否定形式情态动词+ not +动词原形can not: cant , must not: mustnt , need not : neednt四、情态动词的用法（常考考点）Shall 一）用于一、三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方意见和向对方请示。 Shall we begin our class? Shall he come in, sir? (征求对方意见)二）用于二、三人称 表命令、许诺、警告、规定、威胁、决心、也用于宣布法律、规定的要求1. You shall get my reply tomorrow. (许诺)2. “The interest shall be divided in
3、to five parts, according to the agreement made by both side. （命令） 3. You shall be sorry for what you said one day, I tell you. (警告、威胁)4. Nothing shall stop us from advancing. (决心)5. What does the sign over there read? “No person shall smoke or carry a lighted cigarette，cigar or pipe in this area.”(要
4、求)Should 一）应该，表示责任、义务 According to the air traffic rules, you should switch off your mobile phone before boarding.二）竟然、（ 从句中） 惊奇、怀疑、不满(expect, think, believe等词后） 委婉 客气（第一人称 ） 惊讶、埋怨 （二、三人称） 万一（ if 从句中）1.） its a pity that he should be so careless. (竟然)2.） I never expect that you should have come here.
5、 (惊奇 )3.） I should advise you not to do it. (委婉 客气)4.） Who should come to see you when you are in trouble! (埋怨 ) 5.）If you should change your mind, please let me know. (万一) 三） 表示合理的推测The video should be very interesting, in which you can see foreigners making Jiaozi during the Spring Festival.四）if 引
6、导的虚拟条件句中，从句中只可出现should.Should I have time, I would go there with you.五）要求，命令和请求含义的动词后，接宾语从句，从句中谓语“should do”,should 可以省略Tom suggested that I (should) go there at once.六）should have done 本应该做但是没做shouldnt have done 本不应该做但是做了You should have studied hard.Must一）表示必须要做的事: 必须-Must I get to the station befo
7、re three oclock?-Yes, you must. ( No, you neednt. )二）用于指 偏要、硬要 （ 令人不快的事） 1. The car must break down just when we were in the jungle. (偏要)2. - Could I have a word with you, mum? - Oh, dear, if you must. 3. Who is the girl standing over there? - Well, if you must know, her name is Mabel. 三）用于表肯定的猜测He
8、is absent today, and something must have happened to him.She must be at home now, as I just called her.四）禁止 (否定句)You mustnt make noises in the library. (禁止) (注：mustnt没有表推测的意思)Can could 一） 能力（陈述句）He can swim./ He could swim when he was a child.二） 惊异、怀疑、不相信（否定、疑问、惊叹句）How can you be so careless？三） cant
9、 表推测“一定不是” He cant be Mr. White, because I dont know him.四） can/ could 用于否定和疑问表猜测 I lost my purse. Where could I have put it?五） can 用于客观事实的推测，可能出现的某种现象He is friendly, but sometimes he can be difficult to get along with.The northern part of China is cold, but sometimes it can be warm.Nowadays, gradua
10、tes can have difficulty finding jobs.六） be able to do sth. 经过努力能达到4. The fire in the hotel spread fast but fortunately all of the people were able to ran out. (经过努力能达到)May might 一）祝愿（祈使句） May you return in safety. (祝愿) 二）可以（语气弱）. May I come in ? (可以)三）表推测，不太可能的推测 Helen may go on the trip with us, bu
11、t she isnt quite sure yet.四）may as well do sth. Now that you are here, you may as well try your best.may well do sth. He may not well go with ushe hates travel.五）might用于虚拟 If he came here tomorrow, he might have a chance of talking with her.Will 一）意愿、决心、习惯性、倾向性、请求1. Ill do my best . (意愿) 2. I will n
12、ever do such a thing again. (决心)3. Fish will die without water. (习惯性、倾向性) 4. Will you give me a piece of paper? (请求)二）区分于be going to, 表示没有计划，临时决定-Im sorry. I forgot to send the letter for you.- It doesnt matter. I will go myself.Would He promised he would never smoke again. (will的过去式)Would you? “I w
13、ould like to (婉转语气)Last year our English teacher would sometimes tell us stories in English after class. (过去的习惯动作,比used to正式，并没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。)It would be about ten when he left home. (表料想或猜想)Dare need 1. I dare to go there alone at night. 2. Do you dare to go there alone at night? = Dare you go there
14、 alone at night? 3. I dont dare (to )go there alone at night. = I dare not go there alone at night. dare say dare tell dare speak4 neednt have done 本没有必要做，但是做了You neednt have waited for her, as she didnt go there.情态动词+ do 表示对现在的推测 情态动词+ have done 表示对过去的推测（对过去的一种结果的假设或虚拟）(1) should (not) / ought (not
15、) to have done本（不）应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责备或后悔之意。例如： Im sorry. I _at you the other day. BForget it. I was a bit out of control myself. A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shoutedC. mustnt shout C. mustnt have shouted(2) could have done本来能够做某事但未做。例如：Thank you for all your hard work last week. I dont think w
16、e _ it without you. B A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed (3) neednt have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意neednt do则表达“没有必要去做某事”，时间上应该是现在或将来。例如：Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. BThanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt
17、do D. shouldnt have done(4)would (not) have done本来(不)会发生某事，但却（发生了）或没有发生。常用于虚拟条件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导的虚拟语气，表示对过去所发生事情结果的假设。例如：He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise, he _ a goal. D A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored (5) might have done表示“本来可能”，但实际上没有发生的事。例如：What a
18、pity! Considering his ability and experience, he _ better. D A. need have done B. must have done1. Hows your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? - It _ be, but it is now heavily polluted. A. will B. would C. should D. must 2. In crowded places like airports and railway stations, you _take c
19、are of your luggage. A. can B. may C. must D. will 3. What do you think we can do for our aged parents? - You _ do anything except to be with them and be yourself. A. dont have to B. oughtnt to C. mustnt D. cant 4. What does the sign over there read? - “No person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette
20、, cigar or pipe in this area.” A. will B. may C. shall D. must 5. The biggest problem for most plants, which _ just get up and run away when threatened, is that animals like to eat them. A. shant B. cant C. neednt D. mustnt 6. Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. - Great! You _ read widely an
21、d put a lot of work into it. A. must B. should C. must have D. should have 7. My MP4 player isnt in my bag. Where _ I have put it? A. can B. must C. should D. would 8. She looks very happy. She _ have passed the exam. - I guess so. Its not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 9.
22、My cats really fat. - You _ have given her so much food. A. wouldnt B. couldnt C. shouldnt D. mustnt 10. Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. - You _ it in the wrong place. A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 情态动词1. Tom, you _ leave all your clothes o
23、n the floor like this!A. wouldnt B. mustnt C. neednt D. may not2. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 3. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. A. mustnt B. shant C. shoul
24、dnt D. neednt 4. I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt 5. This cake is very sweet. You _ a lot of sugar in it. A. should put B. could have put C. might put D. must have put6. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the Wo
25、rld Wide Wait because it _ be very slow. A. should B. must C. will D. can 7. _ Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. _ Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself. A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done8. _ Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary. _ She _. Ive a
26、lready borrowed one. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 9. _ Do you know where David is? I couldnt find him anywhere. _ Well. He _ have gone farhis coats still here. A. shouldnt B. mustnt C. cant D. wouldnt 10. If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to, Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as
27、 much of it as possible. A. would B. could C. had to D. ought to 11. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour. A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done12. He paid for a seat, when he _
28、 have entered free. A. could B. would C. must D. need 13. _ Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today? _ Something _ to him. A. must happen B. should have happened C. could have happened D. must have happened 14. Helen _ go on the trip with us, but she isnt quite sure yet. A. shall B. must
29、C. may D. can 15. _ The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. _ Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! A. may go through B. might go through C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through 16. _ Tom graduated from college at a very young age
30、. _ Oh, he _ have been a very smart boy then. A. could B. should C. might D. must 17. “ The interest _ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall18. There are eight tips in Dr. Rogers lecture onsleep, and one of them is: _ to bed early unless you think it is necessary. A. doesnt go B. not to go C. not going D. dont go 19. _ Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. _ You _ her last week. A. ought to
