1、学年杨浦区高考英语一模杨浦区 2019 学年第一学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2019.12. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for th
2、e other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Killer RabbitsYoud never think of rabbits as dreadful, destructive creatures, would you? Rabbits are cute and love-able. However, Australians discovered (21) harm these cute creatures can do the hard way.Rabbits were introduced to Australia in 1
3、788 as food animals. By 1827, they were running around large estates, and in 1859, disaster struck. A man released 12 wild rabbits onto his property for hunting and he (22) have thought that was harmless fun. But Australia has no predators（捕食者）(23) (adapt) to killing rabbits and none of the diseases
4、 that kept their populations (24) control in Europe. The loose rabbits bred like, well, rabbits, and began to take over the countryside. Within a few decades, there were millions. By 1950, there were 600 million rabbits in Australia.Six hundred million hungry rabbits could do real harm. They caused
5、more damage than any other species introduced to the continent. They ate native plant species (25) _ they disappeared. They competed for food and shelter with native animals. they caused the extinction or endangerment of numerous plant and animal species. And they were a nightmare for cattle and she
6、ep farmers, (26) animals couldnt get enough grass to eat and starved.The rabbits did some good, of course. They provided food for poor families. They supported fur industries. But their impact on the environment and major livestock economy was too negative (27) (ignore). People tried trapping them.
7、They even built a huge wall against them. But (28) (effective) weapon was a virus.(29) (test) multiple times, the deadly myxoma virus was released on Australias rabbits in 1950. The virus had been developed very carefully to affect only rabbits. Nearly 100 percent of the rabbits who caught the disea
8、se (30) (die).Populations fell. It was a huge success. Cattle and sheep farming recovered gradually, and threatened plants were better protected. Eventually, rabbits became resistant to the virus.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used on
9、ly once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. string B. contained C. representing D. detailing E. scientific F. currentsG. recovered H. encountered I. estimated J. instructions K. decorationBottle Found at Sea Used for Scientific PurposeCombing the beach for shells, sea glass, or colorf
10、ul rocks is a leisure activity enjoyed by many. Some even use metal detectors to find buried treasure or other objects. Only the lucky few have 31 a message in a bottle that was dropped off by the tide. The tradition of putting a letter to an unknown recipient into a bottle and throwing it into the
11、ocean has an interesting past. An early 32 use for the practice was revealed when the oldest recorded message in a bottle was found by Tonya on a beach near Wedge Island, Australia.Tonya was on a family outing when she noticed the antique glass bottle in the sand and thought it would make a nice 33
12、. While she was cleaning the sandy gin bottle, a rolled up paper tied with a 34 fell out. The damp page was a message written in German and dated June 12, 1886. According to official documents from the German sailing vessels, Paula, a crew member tossed the bottle overboard a(n) 35 950 km off the co
13、ast of Western Australia. Further research authenticated(验证）the letter, which had been sent afloat 132 years ago and is the oldest message in a bottle ever 36 .Historians confirm that thousands of similar bottles were cast overboard by German ships between 1864 and 1933. And 37 inside were official
14、documents written by the captain of the ship, 38 routes, coordinates, and other information. These early messages in a bottle were an attempt by the German Naval Observatory to map ocean 39 around the world.On the back of the notes were 40 to write the time and place the bottles were found and retur
15、n them to the German Naval Observatory in Hamburg or the nearest German authorities. Using this information for reference was an early system of studying patterns in nature and the vast ocean in particular.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there a
16、re four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.A star athlete stopped by my office and she was eaten up by self-criticism after committing a few errors during a weekend match. “Im at peak 41 and I practise hard. How is this happen
17、ing?” This student, like many I teach, believes she should be able to 42 the outcomes of her life by virtue of her hard work.I study and write about resilience ( 复 原 力 ), and Im noticing a(n) 43 increase in students like this athlete. When they win, they feel powerful and smart. When they fall short
18、 of what they imagine they should 44 , however, they are crushed by self-blame.We talk often about young adults struggling with failure because their parents have protected them from 45 . But there is something else at play among the most advantaged in particular:a 46 promise that they can achieve a
19、nything if they are willing to work for it.Psychologists have sourced this phenomenon to a misapplication of “mind-set” research, which has found that praising children for 47 will increase academic performance. Developed by Stanford psychologist Carol Dweck, mind-set education has spread across cla
20、ssrooms worldwide. But a 2018 analysis found that while praising hard work over ability may benefit economically disadvantaged students, it does not 48 help everyone.One possible explanation comes from Nina Kumar, who argued in a research paper last year that for teens in wealthy, pressure-cooker co
21、mmunities, “It is not a 49 of motivation and perseverance that is the big problem. 50 , it is unhealthy perfectionism and difficulty with backing off when they should, when the fierce drive for achievements is over the top.” This can 51 physical and emotional stress. In a 2007 study, psychologists G
22、regory Miller determined that adolescent girls who refused to give up the 52 goals showed elevated levels of CRP, a protein that serves as a marker of systemic inflammation (炎症) linked to diabetes, heart disease and other medical conditions.The cruel reality is that you can do everything in your pow
23、er and still fail. This knowledge comes early to underrepresented minorities whose experience of discrimination ( 歧视) and inequality teaches them to 53 what is, for now, largely beyond their control to change. Yet for others, the belief that success is always within their grasp is a setup. Instead o
24、f allowing our kids to beat themselves up when things dont go their way，we should all question a culture that has taught them that how they perform for others is more important than what 54 inspires them and that where they go to college matters more than the kind of person they are. We should be wi
25、se to remind our kids that life has a way of disappointing us when we least 55 it. Its often the people who learn to say “stuff happens” who get up the fastest.41. A. coolnessB. fitnessC. goodnessD. readiness42. A. controlB. changeC. adjustD. celebrate43. A. amusingB. inspiringC. troublingD. touchin
26、g44. A. applyB. approveC. appreciateD. accomplish45. A. disbeliefB. disagreementC. discoveryD. discomfort46. A. brightB. falseC. generalD. flexible47. A. virtueB. abilityC. effortD. status48. A. originallyB. obviouslyC. necessarilyD. regularly49. A. choiceB. commandC. displayD. lack50. A. insteadB.
27、OtherwiseC. ThereforeD. However51. A. result fromB. apply forC. associate withD. lead to52. A. ImmoralB. impersonalC. impossibleD. impolite53. A. challengeB. acceptC. assessD. inquire54. A. plainlyB. probablyC. immediatelyD. actually55. A. exhibitB. expectC. establishD. recognizeSection BDirections:
28、 Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)David Miles, an Australian i
29、nventor has been accused of cheating desperate farmers by charging up to $50,000 Australian dollars for delivering rain on demand without so much as explaining the technology behind his business.On the official Miles Research website，Miles explains that in the 1990s he realized thatit was possible t
30、o influence weather patterns by creating a bridge between the present and a near- future event in the physical space-time continuum. He found that by applying small amounts of energy intelligently, even a large, messy weather system approaching from the future could be eased.While somewhat fascinati
31、ng, Miles explanation does little to explain how he is able to bring rainfall to the lands of farmers. He makes references to famous but debatable concepts like “the butterfly effect”. “We were advised against patenting because ifs basically exposing how it works. There are a lot of big companies th
32、at invest in hunting out patents,” Miles said “I understand the doubts，the only other way is to fully prove up our science and physics. If we did that, well lose it, it will be taken up as a national security interest and itll then be weaponized.”Miles claims raised suspicions for obvious reasons, including a since-deleted section of his company website, which claimed that his technology used “electromagnetic scalar waves”， which scientists say dont
