1、e） native system toolsD 2. Which of the following terms best describes the concept of abstraction?a） exposing difficultyb） hiding quantityc） exposing distanced） hiding detailse） exposing representationB 3. Which of the following phrases best describes a Turing machine?a） a device for integrating man
2、y chips on one circuit boardb） an abstract mathematical model of computingc） the first electronic digital computerd） the first successful memory storage devicee） the first computer capable of network communicationC 4. In which hardware generation were integrated circuits introduced?a） firstb） second
3、c） thirdd） fourthE 5. Who was the first programmer?a） Leibnizb） Pascalc） Babbaged） Lovelacee） HollerithB 6. In which software generation were the FORTRAN and COBOL languages developed?e） fifth 7. Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of an Ethernet?a） connecting mainframe comp
4、uters over the Internetb） connecting small computers to share resourcesc） connecting peripheral devices to a personal computerd） connecting secondary memory to a personal computere） connecting input devices to a mainframe computerB 8. What is the purpose of a compiler?a） translate machine language i
5、nto assembly languageb） translate high-level language into machine languagec） translate FORTRAN into COBOLd） translate machine language into FORTRANe） translate application programs into system programsC 9. In which decade were the first generation of computers developed?a） 1930sb） 1940sc） 1950sd） 1
6、960se） 1970s三 填空题（需用英文作答）1. A（n） _（abstraction）_ is a mental model that removes complex details2. The most prestigious award given in computer science is called the_（Turing award）_.3. First generation computers were built using _（vacuum tubes_） to store information.4. The set of instructions that ea
7、ch type of computer is designed to understand is called _（machine language_）.5. A computer with a parallel architecture uses multiple _（central processing units_）_ to solve a problem.6. FORTRAN and COBOL are two of the earliest _high- level_ programming languages.7. The computers operating system an
8、d language translators are generally known as _（systems software_.8. A（n） _uses integrated computing technology to run or regulate devices such as toasters, cars, and satellites.9. In the earliest electronic computers, programmers had to write machine language code expressed as _（_Binary_） digits. T
9、est Question for Chapter 2一. 判断题（True / False）T 1. A natural number is the number 0 or any number obtained by adding 1 to a natural number.F 2. A rational number is any number that can be expressed without a fractional part.T 3. The base of a number system determines the number of digits used in the
10、 system.F 4. The digits used in base 8 are 1 through 8.F 5. The base of the hexadecimal number system is 15.T 6. Representing a number in base 5 sometimes requires more digits than representing that same number in base 10.F 7. The letter C is used to represent the number 11 in hexadecimal.T 8. A byt
11、e is made up of eight binary digitsF 9. Binary numbers are important in computing because numbers in every base can be converted into them.F 10. The number of bits in a word is the same on all machines.T 11. Starting from the right, every group of four binary digits can be read as one hexadecimal di
12、git.1. （B） Which of the following describes the number 0 and any number that can be obtained by repeatedly adding one to it?A. numberB. natural numberC. integerD. negative numberE. rational number2. （D） Which of the following is a value less than zero, with a sign opposite to its positive counterpar
13、t?3. （B） How many digits are there in the binary number system?A. 1B. 2C. 7D. 8E 94. （C） What is the largest digit in the octal number system?E. 95. （B） What is the decimal value of the largest digit in the hexadecimal number system?A. 0B. 9C. 10D. 15E. 16 6. （C） Which of the following can be used t
14、o express the value of every number in any number system?A. baseB. quotientC. polynomialD. rational numberE. radix7. （D） In base 16, the digit E corresponds to what decimal value?B. 10C. 12D. 14E. 158. （A） What is the lowest base in which the number 987 could be a valid number?A. binaryB. base 3C. o
15、ctalD. decimalE. hexadecimal9. （C） What is a single binary digit called?A. byteB. nibbleC. bitD. wordE. block1. A _Number_ is a unit of an abstract mathematical system subject to the laws of arithmetic.2. An _Integer_ is a natural number, a negative of a natural number, or zero.3. The _Base_ of a nu
16、mber system determines how many digits are used in the system and the value of digit positions.4. The highest digit in base 16 is _F_.5. The value of a number in any base can be expressed as a _Polynomial_ in which each term is made up of a digit multiplied by the base raised to a power.6. The base
17、value of the octal number system is _2_.7. In bases higher than 10, the letter A is used to represent the decimal value _（10）_ using only one symbol.8. Bytes can be grouped together into a _（word）_, the size of which is machine-dependent.9. A group of eight bits is called a _（Byte）_。Test Question fo
18、r Chapter 3T 1. Information is data that has been organized and/or processed in a useful way.T 2. Analog data is a continuous representation of the information it represents.T 3. Electronic signals are easier to manage if they transfer only binary data.T 4. Its possible to represent four things with
19、 two bits.F 5. Negative numbers cannot be represented using the fixed-sized number representation technique.T 6. A character set is a list of characters and their numeric codes.F 7. The ASCII character set is an international set that represents most of the worlds languages.T 8. Keyword encoding is
20、a type of text compression.T 9. Audio data is often represented on a computer by sampling the continuous signal that represents a sound wave.F 10. A pictures resolution is determined by the color depth of the device that displays it.T 11. A video codec specifies how a movie is compressed.C 1. What i
21、s the primary reason for compressing data?a） expensive storage devicesb） limited size of storage devicesc） limited network bandwidthd） limited online availability of crucial datae） expensive transfer rates for auxiliary memoryB 2. How many things can be represented using three bits?a） 3b） 4c） 6d） 8e
22、） 12E 3. In general, how many things can be represented by n bits?a） 2nb） 2n + 1c） n2d） n4e） 2nA 4. Which technique for representing numeric data has two forms of zero?a） signed-magnitudeb） fixed-sized numbersc） floating pointd） tens complemente） scientific notation C 5. What causes numeric overflow
23、?a） using fixed-sized numbers in a floating point calculationb） a calculation producing an invalid resultc） a calculation producing a value that wont fit into the allotted spaced） using a radix point instead of a decimal pointe） using a radix point in a fixed-sized number calculation D 6. Which of t
24、he following characters are not represented in the ASCII character set?a） uppercase letters （A-Z）b） lowercase letters （a-z）c） punctuation such as a period or commad） Chinese characterse） non-printable characters such as ESC （escape） and DEL （delete） C 7. Which text compression technique replaces a l
25、ong series of repeated characters with a count of the repetition?a） run-length encodingb） character set encodingc） keyword encodingd） Huffman encodinge） ASCII encoding A 8. Recording the voltage level of an audio signal at regular intervals is called what?a） samplingb） peak analysisc） pulse-code mod
26、ulationd） MP3 analysise） CD simulationB 9. Which of the following is true about vector graphics?a） they represent real-world images very wellb） they do not represent every pixel individually c） JPEG is a vector graphics formatd） GIF is a vector graphics formate） they rely on spatial compressionE 10. Which of the following is not a raster-graphics format?a） BMPb） GIFc） JPEGd） PNGe） Flash三 填空题（需用英文作答） 1. _（Information）_ is data that has been organized and/or processed in a useful way.2. The _（compression ratio）_ is defined as the size of the compressed data divided by t
