1、My parents have lived in Shanghai since 1950.（我父母亲从1950年起就住在上海了。2、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常的方法： （1）用意思相当的持续性动词来替换，例如：He has been in the army/a soldier for htree years.（他参军已有3年了。）不能用has joinedShe has been up for quite some time.（她起床已有好久了。）不能用has got up Has your brother been away from home for a l
2、ong time?（你哥哥离家已有好久了吗？）不能用has left初中课本中的常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：1、gobe away 2、comebe here3、come backbe back 4、leavebe away（be not here）5、buyhave 6、borrowkeep7、diebe dead 8、beginbe on9、finishbe over 10、openbe open11、closebe closed 12、losebe lost13、get to knowknow 14、turn onbe on15、get upbe up 16、sit downsi
3、t/be seated17、joinbe in（）或be amember a）用延续性动词代替终止性动词 1、用have代替buy My brother has had（不能用has bought） this bike for almost four years. 2、用keep或have代替borrow I have kept（不能用have borrowed） the book for quite a few days. 3、用be替代become How long has your sister been a teacher? 4、用have a cold代替catch a cold T
4、om has had a cold since the day before yesterday. 5、用wear代替put on b）用“be形容词”代终止性动词 1、bemarried代marry 2、beill代fall （get） ill 3、bedead代die 4、beasleep代fall （get） asleep 5、beawake代wake/wake up 6、begone代lose,die,sell,leave 7、beopen代open 8、be closed代close/shut 9、bemissing（gone,lost）代lose 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种
5、动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。Come-be hereGo be thereleavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhav
6、e, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open,feel illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold come here - be here, go there - be there,become - be,come back - be back,fall asleep - be asleep,get to/ arrive/reach - be （in）,leave
7、 - be away from,get to know - know, go （get） out be out，put on wear； 例:The old man died 4 years ago.-The old man has been dead for 4 years. - It is 4 years since the old man died.-Four years has passed since the old man died.He joined the Party 2 years ago.-He has been in the Party for 2 years.I bou
8、ght the book 5 days ago.- I have had the book for 5 days.补充练习：1. When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _ for 20 minutes.A. has left B. had left C. has been away D. had been away2. I _ the League for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3. The factory _ since the February of 1988
9、.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened4. Mary and Rose _friends since they met in 2000.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5.You mustnt _ until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left6.The meeting _ for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7.Miss G
10、ao _ this school for nearly 5 years.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8.Ben _ a teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I _ home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long _ he _ ?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. - How long can I
11、 _ the book? - Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep12.He _ the car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had13.-How long _ you _ ill ? -Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2000, he _ his hometown. B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but y
12、ou can only _ it for 2 days. B. keep C. take16.The bus _ on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17.Are you _ the jacket these days?A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18.He _ for 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is ill in hospital. He _ a cold for several days. A. is B. catches C. has caught D. has had
