1、上海市最新 高考英语 阅读理解精选及答案 3上海市最新 高考英语 阅读理解精选及答案一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Traveling Tips No Smoking Federal and State Government Regulations do not allow you to smoke on board express coaches within Australia. Luggage Allowance As a fare paying customer you are entitled to take 2 pieces of personal luggage. Each mu
2、st not exceed 75 cm in length, or weigh more than 20kg. Excess luggage will be carried at the companys excess luggage rate and depending on space availability may be required to be carried on another coach. Luggage Tips 1) Keep your valuables with you. Money, jewellery, valuable documents, credit ca
3、rds, keys, medications should be retained by you and not on the coach at meal or transport stops. 2) Use sturdy, lockable luggage. Do not use plastic bags as these may split during the transit. 3) Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag. 4) Backpacksstow all items and do not leave mugs,
4、shoes, towels hanging off your backpack as these can get caught in other luggage and cause damage. Departure Times The time shown on your ticket is the coach departure time. If you are boarding halfway and not at a travel centre or terminal you should be at the pick up point 15 minutes ahead of this
5、 time, so you can be comfortably on board by the time the coach is due to leave. If you are boarding at a travel centre or terminal, please arrive at least 20 minutes prior to the published departure time and remember to allow extra time at peak travel times. Dress Requirements As a courtesy, and so
6、 as not to offend fellow travelers, a reasonable standard of clothing and footwear is required.（1）As a traveler, you can_. A.take the luggage 75 cm in length and 20kg in weight onlyB.leave valuable belongings on coach when going for mealsC.identify your luggage by attaching a name tag to itD.leave t
7、he mugs and shoes hanging off the backpack（2）Among the following traveling tips, which one is true? A.Smoking is strictly forbidden all over the places within Australia.B.Plastic bags should be avoided in case of split during the transit.C.15 minutes ahead of the departure time should be guaranteed.
8、D.Standards of dress requirements have been specifically listed.【答案】 （1）C（2）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了旅行列出五个建议，并就每个建议进行了说明。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的“Make sure you identify your luggage with a name tag.”可知，确保你的行李上有姓名标签，也就是在行李上贴上姓名标签以识别你的行李，故选C。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三个建议Luggage Tips中的“Do not use plastic ba
9、gs as these may split during the transit.”可知，不要使用塑料袋，因为塑料袋可能会在运输过程中裂开，所以在运输过程中避免使用塑料袋以防裂开。故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇旅游类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 On average, Americans spend about 10 hours a day in front of a computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day outdoors.
10、 That is a claim made by David Strayer, a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. In his 2017 TED Talk, Strayer explained that all this time spent with technology is making our brains tired. Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of
11、 pressure on the front of the brain, which, Strayer explains , is important for critical (有判断力的)thinking , problem-solving and decision-making.So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in naure, Strayer claims, helps get a tired brain away from too much technology. More than 15,000 cam
12、pers from around the world attended an international camping festival in September. That is when friends and family take time off and escape to nature for several days. They take walks, climb, explore, swim, sleep, eat and play. Camping may be just what a tired brain needs. Take Carl for example .He
13、 lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do. Kate Somers is another example who also lives in West Virginia. She says she enjoys camping with her husband and two children. She calls it a “regenerative”
14、 experience. At the University of Utah, David Strayer has studied both short-term and long-term exposure to nature. He found that spending short amounts of time in nature without technology does calm the brain and helps it to remember better. However, he found, it is the long-term contact with natur
15、e that does the most good. He and his research team found that spending three days in nature without any technology is enough time for the brain to fully relax and reset itself.（1）What is David Strayers opinion? A.Americans dislike outdoor activities.B.Electronic equipment should be quitted.C.New te
16、chnologies are a double-edged sword.D.Electronic equipment brings great convenience.（2）Why does Strayer insist we go outdoors? A.To try another lifestyle.B.To refresh our brain.C.To make better decisions.D.To play with our family and friends.（3）What does the underlined word “regenerative” mean? A.Re
17、bornB.MemorableC.RemarkableD.Tiring（4）Which is the proper title for the passage? A.Electronic Equipment Harms the Brain.B.Good Rest Develops Good Memory.C.Tips on Using New Technologies.D.Being in Nature Is Good for the Brain.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文属于科普文，主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，
18、让大脑休息。 （1）推理判断题。根据第二段Using an electronic device to answer emails, listen to the news and look at Facebook puts a lot of pressure on the front of the brain可知，电子产品和网络信息给我们带了方便，也给我们大脑产生了巨大的压力，故可知，科技是一把双刃剑，故选C。 （2）细节理解题。根据第三段So, it is important to give the brain a rest. And being in nature , Strayer cla
19、ims , helps get a tired brain away from too much technology.可知，亲近大自然，可以让我们疲惫的大脑远离科技产品，让大脑获得休息，故选B。 （3）词义猜测题。根据前文Take Carl for example .He lives in West Virginia and enjoys camping. He says that staying outdoors makes him feel at ease. It also prepares him for the work he must do.可知，喜欢露营，呆在户外让他感到轻松，能
20、够为必须做的工作做好准备，故可知这个过程是一个再生的过程，让大脑休息的过程，故选A。 （4）主旨大意题。本文主要阐述电子产品的过多使用让大脑得不到休息，因而鼓励人们多进行户外活动，让大脑休息，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 If youre a fan of smart technology, you may have ha
21、d some sleepless nights lately. Thats because Alexa, the artificial intelligence (AI) behind US company Amazons Echo smart speakers, has been letting out an unprompted (自发的),creepy (令人毛骨悚然的)cackle for no apparent reason, according to BBC News. Many social media users shared their stories of Alexa sc
22、aring them with the seemingly unprompted laugh. Every time Alexa laughs, an angel dies, Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk joked on social media. On March 7, Amazon released an update that fixed the problem, saying that the laugh was caused by Echo devices mistakenly thinking that users had said the
23、 command Alexa, laugh. However, what should have been a funny story raised the ongoing topic of man versus machine. With the rise of artificial and robotic technology, Digital machines started to demonstrate broad abilities in pattern recognition, complex communication, and other area that used to b
24、e particularly human, wrote Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee in their book The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. They believe that AI will do more and more, and our lives will get better. However, ever since the earliest days of AI there have
25、been concerns that some day, software will take over the world, leaving the fate of humans unknown. With artificial intelligence we are order the demon (魔鬼)Musk told students during a meeting at MIT in 2014. If I had to guess at what our biggest existential threat is, its probably that. So we need t
26、o be very careful Many scientists have shared the same concern. The late British physicist Stephen Hawking said at a technology conference in Portugal in November that computers can. in theory, imitate human intelligence, and exceed it AI could be the worst event in the history of our civilization.
27、If creators are to safely control AL however, Hawking suggested that they employ best practice and effective management. I am an optimist and I believe that we can create AI for the good of the world, he said at the conference. We simply need to be aware of the dangers, identify them, employ the bes
28、t possible practice and management, and prepare for its consequences well in advance.（1）What does the underlined word cackle in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A.movementB.laughterC.screamD.story（2）The story of Alexa is intended to . A.lead into the discussion about humans and AIB.prove artificial intell
29、igence has its weaknessesC.inform readers of the development of AID.show how Alexas problem was fixed（3）According to Brynjolfsson and McAfee, which statement below is probably TRUE? A.The development of AI could threaten our survival one day.B.Digital machines have complete ability to recognize some
30、thing without mistakes.C.Robots will never match humans in complex communication.D.Humans lives will be greatly improved with the help of robots.（4）What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Man VS. MachineB.Time to Control Rise of AIC.Creepy AID.AI: The Biggest Threat【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析
31、】本文是一篇议论文，论述了人们对人工智能带来的潜在危险的不同观点，提醒我们要提前做好充分准备。 （1）考查猜测词义。根据第二段中的Many social media users shared their stories of Alexa scaring them with the seemingly unprompted laugh.可知很多社交媒体也分享了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事情。此句中的laugh与文章第一段中的划线词cackle意义一样，故选B。 （2）考查推理判断。前四段中介绍了亚马逊公司的智能机器Alexa会发出令人毛骨悚然的笑声的事情，再根据第五段中的However, what should have been a funny story raised the ongoing topic of man versus machine.这个故事引起了人与机器对抗的话题。故选A。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的They believe that A
