1、联合国国际货物销售合同公约英文联合国国际货物销售合同公约(英文)unitednationsconventiononcontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoods-thestatespartiestothisconvention,bearinginmindthebroadobjectivesintheresolutionsadoptedbythesixthspecialsessionofthegeneralassemblyoftheunitednationsontheestablishmentofanewinternationaleconomicorder,con
2、sideringthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitisanimportantelementinpromotingfriendlyrelationsamongstates,beingoftheopinionthattheadoptionofuniformruleswhichgoverncontractsfortheinternationalsaleofgoodsandtakeintoaccountthedifferentsocial,economicandlegalsystemswo
3、uldcontributetotheremovaloflegalbarriersininternationaltradeandpromotethedevelopmentofinternationaltrade,havedecreedasfollows:partisphereofapplicationandgeneralprovisionspartiiformationofthecontractpartiiisaleofgoodspartivfinalprovisionspartisphereofapplicationandgeneralprovisionschapterisphereofapp
4、licationarticle1 (1)thisconventionappliestocontractsofsaleofgoodsbetweenpartieswhoseplacesofbusinessareindifferentstates: (a)whenthestatesarecontractingstates;or (b)whentherulesofprivateinternationallawleadtotheapplicationofthelawofacontractingstate. (2)thefactthatthepartieshavetheirplacesofbusiness
5、indifferentstatesistobedisregardedwheneverthisfactdoesnotappeareitherfromthecontractorfromanydealingsbetween,orfrominformationdisclosedby,thepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract. (3)neitherthenationalityofthepartiesnorthecivilorcommercialcharacterofthepartiesorofthecontractistobetake
6、nintoconsiderationindeterminingtheapplicationofthisconvention.article2thisconventiondoesnotapplytosales: (a)ofgoodsboughtforpersonal,familyorhouseholduse,unlesstheseller,atanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract,neitherknewnoroughttohaveknownthatthegoodswereboughtforanysuchuse; (b)byauction; (c)
7、onexecutionorotherwisebyauthorityoflaw; (d)ofstocks,shares,investmentsecurities,negotiableinstrumentsormoney; (e)ofships,vessels,hovercraftoraircraft; (f)ofelectricity.article3 (1)contractsforthesupplyofgoodstobemanufacturedorproducedaretobeconsideredsalesunlessthepartywhoordersthegoodsundertakestos
8、upplyasubstantialpartofthematerialsnecessaryforsuchmanufactureorproduction. (2)thisconventiondoesnotapplytocontractsinwhichthepreponderantpartoftheobligationsofthepartywhofurnishesthegoodsconsistsinthesupplyoflabourorotherservices.article4thisconventiongovernsonlytheformationofthecontractofsaleandth
9、erightsandobligationsofthesellerandthebuyerarisingfromsuchacontract.inparticular,exceptasotherwiseexpresslyprovidedinthisconvention,itisnotconcernedwith: (a)thevalidityofthecontractorofanyofitsprovisionsorofanyusage; (b)theeffectwhichthecontractmayhaveonthepropertyinthegoodssold.article5thisconventi
10、ondoesnotapplytotheliabilityofthesellerfordeathorpersonalinjurycausedbythegoodstoanyperson.article6thepartiesmayexcludetheapplicationofthisconventionor,subjecttoarticle12,derogatefromorvarytheeffectofanyofitsprovisions.chapteriigeneralprovisionsarticle7 (1)intheinterpretationofthisconvention,regardi
11、stobehadtoitsinternationalcharacterandtotheneedtopromoteuniformityinitsapplicationandtheobservanceofgoodfaithininternationaltrade. (2)questionsconcerningmattersgovernedbythisconventionwhicharenotexpresslysettledinitaretobesettledinconformitywiththegeneralprinciplesonwhichitisbasedor,intheabsenceofsu
12、chprinciples,inconformitywiththelawapplicablebyvirtueoftherulesofprivateinternationallaw.article8 (1)forthepurposesofthisconventionstatementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtohisintentwheretheotherpartykneworcouldnothavebeenunawarewhatthatintentwas. (2)iftheprecedingparagraph
13、isnotapplicable,statementsmadebyandotherconductofapartyaretobeinterpretedaccordingtotheunderstandingthatareasonablepersonofthesamekindastheotherpartywouldhavehadinthesamecircumstances. (3)indeterminingtheintentofapartyortheunderstandingareasonablepersonwouldhavehad,dueconsiderationistobegiventoallre
14、levantcircumstancesofthecaseincludingthenegotiations,anypracticeswhichthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselves,usagesandanysubsequentconductoftheparties.article9 (1)thepartiesareboundbyanyusagetowhichtheyhaveagreedandbyanypracticeswhichtheyhaveestablishedbetweenthemselves. (2)thepartiesareconsider
15、ed,unlessotherwiseagreed,tohaveimpliedlymadeapplicabletotheircontractoritsformationausageofwhichthepartieskneworoughttohaveknownandwhichininternationaltradeiswidelyknownto,andregularlyobservedby,partiestocontractsofthetypeinvolvedintheparticulartradeconcerned.article10forthepurposesofthisconvention:
16、 (a)ifapartyhasmorethanoneplaceofbusiness,theplaceofbusinessisthatwhichhastheclosestrelationshiptothecontractanditsperformance,havingregardtothecircumstancesknowntoorcontemplatedbythepartiesatanytimebeforeorattheconclusionofthecontract; (b)ifapartydoesnothaveaplaceofbusiness,referenceistobemadetohis
17、habitualresidence.article11acontractofsaleneednotbeconcludedinorevidencedbywritingandisnotsubjecttoanyotherrequirementastoform.itmaybeprovedbyanymeans,includingwitnesses.article12anyprovisionofarticle11,article29orpartiiofthisconventionthatallowsacontractofsaleoritsmodificationorterminationbyagreeme
18、ntoranyoffer,acceptanceorotherindicationofintentiontobemadeinanyformotherthaninwritingdoesnotapplywhereanypartyhashisplaceofbusinessinacontractingstatewhichhasmadeadeclarationunderarticle96ofthisconvention.thepartiesmaynotderogatefromorvarytheeffectorthisarticle.article13forthepurposesofthisconventi
19、onwritingincludestelegramandtelex.partiiformationofthecontractarticle14 (1)aproposalforconcludingacontractaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsconstitutesanofferifitissufficientlydefiniteandindicatestheintentionoftheofferortobeboundincaseofacceptance.aproposalissufficientlydefiniteifitindicatesthegood
20、sandexpresslyorimplicitlyfixesormakesprovisionfordeterminingthequantityandtheprice. (2)aproposalotherthanoneaddressedtooneormorespecificpersonsistobeconsideredmerelyasaninvitationtomakeoffers,unlessthecontraryisclearlyindicatedbythepersonmakingtheproposal.article15 (1)anofferbecomeseffectivewhenitre
21、achestheofferee. (2)anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,maybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheoffereebeforeoratthesametimeastheoffer.article16 (1)untilacontractisconcludedanoffermayberevokediftherevocationreachestheoffereebeforehehasdispatchedanacceptance. (2)however,anoffercannotberevoked: (a)ifitindica
22、tes,whetherbystatingafixedtimeforacceptanceorotherwise,thatitisirrevocable;or (b)ifitwasreasonablefortheoffereetorelyontheofferasbeingirrevocableandtheoffereehasactedinrelianceontheoffer.article17anoffer,evenifitisirrevocable,isterminatedwhenarejectionreachestheofferor.article18 (1)astatementmadebyo
23、rotherconductoftheoffereeindicatingassenttoanofferisanacceptance.silenceorinactivitydoesnotinitselfamounttoacceptance. (2)anacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveatthemomenttheindicationofassentreachestheofferor.anacceptanceisnoteffectiveiftheindicationofassentdoesnotreachtheofferorwithinthetimehehasfi
24、xedor,ifnotimeisfixed,withinareasonabletime,dueaccountbeingtakenofthecircumstancesofthetransaction,includingtherapidityofthemeansofcommunicationemployedbytheofferor.anoraloffermustbeacceptedimmediatelyunlessthecircumstancesindicateotherwise. (3)however,if,byvirtueoftheofferorasaresultofpracticeswhic
25、hthepartieshaveestablishedbetweenthemselvesorofusage,theoffereemayindicateassentbyperforminganact,suchasonerelatingtothedispatchofthegoodsorpaymentoftheprice,withoutnoticetotheofferor,theacceptanceiseffectiveatthemomenttheactisperformed,providedthattheactisperformedwithintheperiodoftimelaiddowninthe
26、precedingparagraph.article19 (1)areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditions,limitationsorothermodificationsisarejectionoftheofferandconstitutesacounter-offer. (2)however,areplytoanofferwhichpurportstobeanacceptancebutcontainsadditionalordifferenttermswhichdonotmateriallyalterthe
27、termsoftheofferconstitutesanacceptance,unlesstheofferor,withoutunduedelay,objectsorallytothediscrepancyordispatchesanoticetothateffect.ifhedoesnotsoobject,thetermsofthecontractarethetermsoftheofferwiththemodificationscontainedintheacceptance. (3)additionalordifferenttermsrelating,amongotherthings,to
28、theprice,payment,qualityandquantityofthegoods,placeandtimeofdelivery,extentofonepartysliabilitytotheotherorthesettlementofdisputesareconsideredtoalterthetermsoftheoffermaterially.article20 (1)aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorinatelegramoraletterbeginstorunfromthemomentthetelegramishandedin
29、fordispatchorfromthedateshownontheletteror,ifnosuchdateisshown,fromthedateshownontheenvelope.aperiodoftimeforacceptancefixedbytheofferorbytelephone,telexorothermeansofinstantaneouscommunication,beginstorunfromthemomentthattheofferreachestheofferee. (2)officialholidaysornon-businessdaysoccurringdurin
30、gtheperiodforacceptanceareincludedincalculatingtheperiod.however,ifanoticeofacceptancecannotbedeliveredattheaddressoftheofferoronthelastdayoftheperiodbecausethatdayfallsonanofficialholidayoranon-businessdayattheplaceofbusinessoftheofferor,theperiodisextendeduntilthefirstbusinessdaywhichfollows.artic
31、le21 (1)alateacceptanceisneverthelesseffectiveasanacceptanceifwithoutdelaytheofferororallysoinformstheoffereeordispatchesanoticetothateffect. (2)ifaletterorotherwritingcontainingalateacceptanceshowsthatithasbeensentinsuchcircumstancesthatifitstransmissionhadbeennormalitwouldhavereachedtheofferorindu
32、etime,thelateacceptanceiseffectiveasanacceptanceunless,withoutdelay,theofferororallyinformstheoffereethatheconsidershisofferashavinglapsedordispatchesanoticetothateffect.article22anacceptancemaybewithdrawnifthewithdrawalreachestheofferorbeforeoratthesametimeastheacceptancewouldhavebecomeeffective.article23acontractisconcludedatthemomentwhenanacceptanceofanofferbecomeseffectiveinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisconvention.article2