1、高考英语新课标大二轮辅导专题一 语法填空133第3节 从属并列关连词第3节从属(并列)关连词Step 1典题感悟高考名题这样考考查角度1并列连词1(2016全国卷)In much of Asia, especially the socalled“rice bowl”cultures of China，Japan，Korea, _ Vietnam，food is usually eaten with chopsticks.解析考查连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，Vietnam与空前的“China，Japan，Korea”之间是并列关系，故填并列连词and。答案and2(2016江苏卷改编)_ so
2、me people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.解析考查连词。两个分句之间显然存在一种对比关系，“一些人做事的动机是成功的需求，而其他人做事的动机却是害怕失败”。while“然而，但是”，表示对比，故填While。答案While3(2016北京卷改编)I am not afraid of tomorrow, _ I have seen yesterday and I love today.解析考查并列连词。句意：我不害怕明天，因为我已经见证了昨天并且我热爱今天。根据句
3、意可知，前后句之间是因果关系，且表示“前果后因”，故用并列连词for。答案for考查角度2时间连词4(2016全国卷)Over time, _ the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.解析考查连词。随着人口的增长或当人口增长时，人们开始把食物切成小片。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导状语从句，表示“随着”或“当时”，故填as或when。答案as/when5(2016天津卷) _ the average age of the population i
4、ncreases，there are more and more old people to care for.解析考查连词。句意：随着人口平均年龄的增加，越来越多的老年人需要照顾。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导状语从句，表示“随着”。答案As考查角度3让步连词6(2016北京卷)My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, _ hes in his nineties.解析考查连词。句意：我爷爷虽然已经90多岁了，但他有时还打网球。根据句意并分析句子成分可知，本空需要从属连词引导让步状语从句。even though表示“即使”，故填even t
5、hough。答案even though7(2016浙江卷)_ online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive.解析考查连词。句意：虽然网购已经改变了我们的生活，但它的影响并不全是积极的。此处while意为“虽然”，引导让步状语从句。也可填Although/Though。答案Although/Though/While考查角度4表条件的连词8(2019天津卷)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents opinion _ he
6、wants their support.解析考查连词。句意：汤姆是如此独立，以至于他从来不征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。 unless“除非”，故填unless。 答案unless9(2018北京卷改编)_ we dont stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.解析考查条件状语从句。根据句意：如果我们不阻止气候变化，世界上许多动植物将不复存在。根据句意可知，此处用If引导条件状语从句。答案If考查角度5其他从属连词10(2019全国卷)On our way to the house
7、, it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.解析考查副词。句意：在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。“so. that.”意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。答案so11(2018天津卷改编)Lets not pick these peaches until this weekend _ they get sweet enough to be eaten.解析考查状语从句。从句意的连贯上看，空前说“等到周末
8、再摘这些桃子”，空后说“它们就变得够甜了，可以吃了”，这里应该用so that“以便”引导目的状语从句。答案so that12(2016北京卷改编)I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.解析考查连词。句意：我非常喜欢听音乐，因为它能帮助我放松，让我不再去想一天中其他的烦心事。根据句意可知，这里应用because引导原因状语从句，说明喜欢听音乐的原因。答案becauseStep 2 知识储备抓重破难补短板一、六种并列连词分组识
9、记并列连词功能例句and, not only. but (also)., both. and., neither. nor.等表并列或递进关系The train was comfortable and the people were nice.火车很舒适，而且人们很友好。He not only read the book, but also remembered what he had read.他不但读了这本书，而且记得所读的内容。but, yet，whereas，while等表转折关系The son was sleeping at home while the parents were w
10、orking in the fields.儿子在家睡觉而父母在田里劳作。or, either. or.，not. but.等表选择关系Either you or I am wrong.要么你，要么我，是错的。for, so表因果关系The leaves of the trees are falling, for its already autumn.树叶在落，因为秋天已经到了。and, or表条件或结果关系，常用于句型“祈使句and/or陈述句”中You have to move out of the way or the truck cannot get past you.你得让出路来，否则
11、卡车无法从你身旁通过。when可用作并列连词，相当于and at this/that time，意为“正在这时，突然”常用于下列句式：sb. be about to do/on the point of doing sth. when.(某人正要做某事突然)；sb. be doing sth. when.(某人正在做某事突然); sb. had just done sth. when.(某人刚做完某事突然)。He was about to go out when the telephone rang.他正要出去，正在这时电话铃响了。He had finished writing a repor
12、t when the boss let him type a letter.他刚写完一篇报告，正在这时老板让他打印一封信件。(2019成都市高中毕业班摸底测试)I knew there might be problems, _ I saw them as opportunities for learning.答案but/yet(2019南昌市重点中学高三年段考试题)If your smartphone and wallet become separate, the alarm will warn you _ you dont leave it behind.答案so(2019合肥市高三调研性检
13、测)Similarly, water, a symbol of the everchanging, _ rocks, a symbol of the eternal(永恒的), create a harmonious balance of natures yin and yang.答案and二、九种状语从句的功能与注意事项项目连接词例句注意事项时间状语从句when, while, as, before, after，since, until, the moment等Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.I wil
14、l tell him the news the moment he comes.要注意时态一致，一般情况下，在时间状语从句中，表示将来的动作用一般现在时(不可用将来时)地点状语从句where, whereverI cannot hear the professor clearly as there is too much noise where I am sitting.We are alwayswelcome whereverwe go.注意不要和where引导的定语从句混淆，若是定语从句，where前必然有先行词结果状语从句so. that.， such. that.，so that(结果
15、，以致于)He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.There was such a crush on the train that I could hardly breathe.I got up late so that I missed the early bus.在so. that.和such. that.所引导的结果状语从句中，so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词或分词，而such为形容词，后面只能跟名词或名词性短语目的状语从句so that, in order that, for fear that, in case (that)T
16、hey flew there in order that they might be in time to attend the opening ceremony.从句中常用may, might, can, could, should等情态动词，后接动词原形条件状语从句if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, in case等We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or its very cold.条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，当主句是一般将来时的时候，从句要
17、用一般现在时原因状语从句because, since, as, for, now (that)The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.because语气最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题；since次之，as最弱for用作连词时，往往表示一种附带的解释、说明或推理让步状语从句although，though，as, even if/though，whatever, however，no matter what/who/howTired as/
18、though I was, I went on with my work.I will go and attend the meeting however busy I am.当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有butas引导的让步状语从句必须把表语、状语或动词原形提前方式状语从句as, just as, as if, as thoughJack wasnt doing anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.as if, as though在方式状语从句
19、中多指非真实的或可能性较小的情况，常用虚拟语气比较状语从句as.as., not so.as，比较级thanHe works as hard as everyone else in the class.He is taller than any other student in our school.注意比较句型表示在一定范围内的最高级含义：比较级thanany other单数可数名词(2019合肥市高三第三次教学质量检测)It also shows Chinese people had had a clear understanding of the outside world _ west
20、ern maps came into the country.答案before(2019南昌市第三次模拟测试卷)At the end of the journey, we were all excited and happy _ we won.答案because/since(2019武汉高中毕业生五月训练题)_ she had received over 2,000 calories, Bertha felt that she needed a reward.答案Though/Although/WhileStep 3增分攻略献计献策献妙招一、并列连词在语法填空中的审题、解题要领口诀and表顺延
21、，for/so起因缘，while表对比，when示突然间。but/yet意转折，(either.) or供挑选，(neither.) nor全否定，not only.but also.入递进关。操作技法1弄清楚前后分句之间的逻辑关系，正确理解语境，就可正确解题。典例(2019福州市高中毕业班适应性练习)Now the library has as many as 3,500 characters, _ Chens research on the project still continues, as he plans to extend the library to 7,000 charact
22、ers.解析考查连词。 根据语境可知，空处前后内容之间为转折关系。故填but/yet。答案but/yet操作技法2注意when和while用作并列连词时常用的固定句式和特殊意义。典例(2019昆明市高三复习诊断测试)During World War ， _ long underwear was given to US soldiers to keep them warm in the winter cold, it really came to the publics attention.解析考查连词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，故用连词when“当时”；根据语境可知，前后句之间也
23、可以为逻辑上的因果关系，前因后果，故用连词since/as/because。故填when/since/as/because。答案when/since/as/because二、从属连词在语法填空中的审题、解题要领口诀状语从句不一般，服务功能它最全。表原因、表结果，又表让步与时间。表方式、表比较，尚表目的和条件。连词作用分辨清，灵活运用不留憾。操作技法1具备全面的状语从句知识，熟悉每个连接词的语义和语法特征，尤其像as，since，while等引导不同的状语从句的连词，before引导状语从句时可以表达不同的意思等，都要熟练掌握。典例(2019郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测)_ he was l
24、ooking into the use of cellphones by drivers, he found that more than 30% of them reached for their cellphones on the road.解析考查状语从句。该句意为：当他调查司机使用手机的情况时，他发现30%以上的司机在路上会伸手拿手机。根据句意并结合空后的“he was looking into”可知，空处表示“当时”，故填When/While/As。答案When/While/As操作技法2正确理解语境，这是正确答题的关键。需要提醒的是，在时间状语从句中有几个常用的固定句型，一定要牢记
25、。如：be doing sth.when；be about to do sth. when.；had just done sth. when.; not.until.。典例(2019高考考试大纲调研卷三)I didnt press the close button _ she steadied herself in the lift.解析考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句是not. until.句型，表示“直到才”。答案until操作技法3巧看句式结构：在复合句的考题中，要首先看一下有没有and，or，but，so等并列连词，这些词可以作为做题的依据。典例(2019石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检
26、测)He was so attracted by the performance as he decided to learn it._解析考查固定用法。so.that.为固定句型，意为“如此以至于”，根据语境和该句中的“so”并分析句子结构可知，此处应将as改为that。答案asthat1分析单词、短语或句子的逻辑关系或句式结构(1)完整的句子中，如果两个单词或短语并列，要填并列连词；(2)若两个句子(两个主谓结构)之间没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格必定填连词。2根据主从句的逻辑关系确定状语从句的连接词(1)如果主从句是因果关系，则要考虑用because, as, since；(2)如果主
27、从句有时间先后之分，则要考虑用时间状语从句的连接词；如果从句为主句的条件，则要考虑用if；(3)如果从句表示让步，则要考虑用although, though, while。Step 4刷题训练练稳练准练速度.单句语法填空1(2019四川棠湖中学一次月考)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _ some of them looked disappointed.解析句意：当时有许多人正在公交车站等车，但他们有些人看上去很失望。前后两个分句表示转折关系，故填并列连词but。答案but2(2019江西抚州七校10月联考)Maybe, when
28、 dancing, you think youre not exercising _ entertaining yourself.解析句意：也许当你跳舞时，你会认为你没在锻炼而是在自娱自乐。not.but.意为：不是而是。答案but3(2019河南省实验中学二次月考)In their opinion, universities are public assetsthey should serve not only the students and faculty _ the general public as well.解析句意：他们认为，大学是公共资产它们不仅应该服务学生和全体教师还要服务大
29、众。根据本句中的not only可推知设空处填but，构成“not only.but. as well”结构。答案but4(2019吉林汪清六中9月月考)Smoking not only does harm to their health _ to others.解析句意：吸烟不仅对他们的健康有害而且还对别人有害。根据本句中的not only可知设空处填but(also)，构成“not only. but (also).”结构。答案but(also)5(2019山东淄博实验中学、淄博五中一次诊断)They are not like us to finish it in one drink, _ prefer to drink by taking a small amount at a time.解析句意：他们(饮酒)不像我们那样一饮而尽，而是喜欢每次只喝一小口。根据句中的not可知设空处填but，构成“not. bu
