1、人教版高中英语新教材选择性必修三课文原文及听力原文 2019新人教版高中英语选择性必修三课文原文Unit1 Reading and ThinkingA SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTINGWhat is Western art? It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the be
2、st way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic s
3、cenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real
4、people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century) New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters conc
5、entrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519, Michelangelo(1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built
6、 upon Giotto and Masaccios innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen. Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this techni
7、que reached its height with Rembrandt(1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow andlight. In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of thems
8、elves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) The development of Western art slowed until th
9、e invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionis emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the pain
10、ting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monets aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene the subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself.While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others,
11、 such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoirs paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.Modern Art (from th
12、e 20th century to today)After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, What do we do next? Painters such as Picasso (1881-1973tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality Still othe
13、rs turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality,but instead to ask the question, What is art?Unit1 using languageANCIENT CHINESE ART ON SHOW The Richfield Museum of Fine Art is proud to present our new exhibition, from Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ages. Join
14、 us as we explore more than 3,000 years of wonderful art from the Middle Kingdom. From bronze bowls to ceramic vases, and jade sculptures to ink wash paintings, our goal is to display the Chinese artistic genius from ancient times. The highlight of this exhibition is the painting Clearing After Snow
15、 on a Mountain Pass, one of the great works of Tang Yin (1470-1524). Born during the Ming Dynasty, Tang sought and failed to gain entry into the civil service, so he turned to painting instead. In time, he gained recognition as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. This painting, showing
16、 high mountains, trees, and houses covered in snow, was made with extraordinary skill. Though it is over 500 years old, it looks as fresh and full of life as the day it was created. Also of primary note is a collection of nearly 100 bronze objects from the Shang Dynasty (1600-1046 BCE). While the ar
17、tists who made these great works are not known, they showed great skill in creating these beautiful pieces. Some of the items on display are thought to have come from the collection of Emperor Qianlong (1711- 1799), a great admirer of Shang Dynasty bronze. Finally, we have many fine examples of Tang
18、 Dynasty (618-907) sculptures. Most of these are of Buddhist origin. Even though Buddhism entered China much earlier, it did not really begin to show expansion until the seventh century. During this same period, trade along the Silk Road also boomed. Chinese sculpture thus found itself highly influe
19、nced by Buddhist art brought from India and Central Asia through the Silk Road. These works were intended to spread Buddhism and they are of exceptional beauty and quality. Looking at the faces of the figures in these sculptures, one sees the faces of the past. History is brought to life. This is ju
20、st a small taste of what is in store for you in this exhibition. We guarantee thatFrom Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ageswill transport you to another time with its amazing collection of works.From Shang to Qing: Chinese Art Through the Ageswill run until November 25. Opening hours are from
21、 9: 00 a. m. to 5: 00 p.m., from Tuesday to Sunday(themuseum is closed on Mondays). No one will be admitted into the exhibition after 4: 30 p.m.Admission: $10 for adults; S8 for students $5 for children under 12; free for children under 5.No photos or food and drink are allowed in the museum Unit2 R
22、eading and ThinkingHABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLEAs teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. However, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they be
23、come adults. For example some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes
24、.To change bad habits is never easy, even with many attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: We are what we repeatedly do. In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon
25、 that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work.According to modern psychology, we must first learn about thehabit cycle, which works like this:Firstly, there is cue, an action, event, or situation
26、that acts as a signal to do something.Secondly, there is a routine, the regular action you take in response to the cue.Thirdly, there is a reward, the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.For example, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel
27、 happy (reward) The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information
28、 from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some ofour favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (re
29、ward). Aside from changing bad habits, we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come toan escalator(cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.Many of us try to change bad habit
30、s quickly and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. One step seems small
31、, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits.For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However, there is nomagic pill or delete button that will help yo
32、u; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!Unit2 Using languageDear EditorAfter I attended your summer camp about health and lifestyle choices, I realised I hardly ever felt well, either physically or mentally. I often felt sleepy and dizzy, and lacked passion. Most worrying, though, I got the flu easily and experienced many toothaches, tooAt the end of the camp I heard, Change the world by changing yourself. This stimulated my motivation. A dentist once examine
