1、中考英语时态和情态动词专项复习中考英语时态和情态动词专项复习一、复习要点 三种时态的复习1）一般现在时 一般现在时特征：习惯性、经常性、反复性 一般现在时考点： 动词原形： 主语为非第三人称时的情况；两种结构动词三单： 用于主语为第三人称时 易错点：主语为三单，其后动词s添 在一般现在时中，当主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。可以简单叙述为“主语为三单，其后动词s添”。何谓第三人称单数？用一句话概括就是“非你、非我、非复数”，如he, she, it, my father, my mother, my sister, our English teacher, Tom, Mik
2、e, Liu Jia, China, my book, etc.Eg. He sometimes goes to school by bike.Eg. My father works in the hospital as a doctor. 动词第三人称单数变化规则： 1) 一般情况下，动词后面直接加 -s. 例如： works gets says reads 2) 以ch,sh,s,x 或 o 结尾的动词,在后面加 -es。例如： go-goes, teach-teaches, wash-washes, brush-brushes, catch-catches, do-does, fix -
3、fixes3) 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 -es. 例如：study- studies , try-tries, carry-carries, fly-flies, cry-cries 一般现在时练习： 1.写出下列动词的三单形式go_ catch_ brush（刷）_ wash_do_ like_ have_ watch_drink _ fly_ say_ learn _eat_ read_ sing_ buy_study_ stay _ make _ look _ pass_ carry _ come_ plant(种植)_teach_ buy_2. 用括号内动词
4、的适当形式填空。1. We often_(play) in the playground.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3._you_(brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_ (do) he usually_ (do) after school?5.Danny_(study)English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, s
5、he often_(watch) TV with his parents.8. _ Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons _ your classmate_ (have) on Monday?10. What time _ his mother_(do) the housework?3. 选择题( ) 1. I _to school at 7:00 in the morning.A. go B. going C. goes( )2. They _books every day in the library.A. reads B. r
6、ead C. reading( )3. The monkey_ eating bananas very much.A. like B. likes C. liking( )4. My father _to read newspaper after supper every day.A. like B. likes C. liking( )5. I like watching TV, but my mother _like it.A. dont B. doesnt C. does( )6. _ your father drink milk every day?A. do B. are C. do
7、es（ ）7. We will go shopping if it_ tomorrow.A. dont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt rain （）8. He said the sun _in the east and _in the west.A. rose; set B. rises; sets C. rises, set D . rise; sets（）9.Wang Mei _ music and often _ to music.A. like; listen B. likes; listens C. like; are liste
8、ning D. liking ; listen（ ）10. Jenny_ English every evening.A . has study B. studies C. study D. studied 2) 一般将来时 What is he going to do next week? He is going to go fishing. 一般将来时的基本结构和用法 （一）、 shall/will动词原形1.will可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时， 用于第一人称I和we，作为will的一种替代形式。 2. will , shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发
9、生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例如：It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。（二）、be going to动词原形1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如：There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）Its so cloudy. I think its going to rain.(根据事实极有可能发生）2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来
10、进行某事。例如： He isnt going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。Will/shall 和be going to的区别：只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。但它们有如下几点区别：1） be going to 表示将要发生的事情，will 表示的时间则较远一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.2） be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is s
11、eriously ill. He is going to die.He will be twenty years old.3） be going to 含有“计划，准备”的意思，而 will 则没有这个意思，如：She is going to lend us her book.He will be here in half an hour.其他需要注意的： 1、在英语中，有些动词如go, come, leave, arrive，start, move等位置移动词可用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作。如：(1)Im coming. (我就来了。）(2)Are we all going ？ (我们都将
12、去吗?)2、在含有条件状语从句或时间状语从句的复合句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来时，（主将从现）且用will而不用be going to。如：(1)Mum will go to Beijing if it doesnt rain tomorrow.(2)When you get home, youll find a new bike in your garden.三、一般将来时常见时间状语：next Tuesday/week，the coming Sundaynext year/week，this morning/afternoon/evening/weekendtomorrow，toni
13、ght，at night，in a few minutesin the future，in five years/in ten minutes，soon，next一般将来时练习： 单项选择( ) 1.There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2.Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to work
14、ing D. wont work( ) 3.He _ very busy this week, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4.There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5._ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after t
15、omorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6.Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. N
16、o, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Where is the morning paper? I _ it for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watch B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 10. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. sha
17、ll be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to beCDDDD BCDAB 3) 现在完成时 一、定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。（经历、影响） 表示某一动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在。（延续） eg：1. He has lived in Beijing for ten years. 二、构成： 肯定句 “have（has）过去分词”。 否定句 “havent（hasnt）过去分词”。 疑问句：把助动词have或has提到主语之前。 回答用Yes, have(has)./ No, havent(h
18、asnt) 【补充】反义疑问句： .(现在完成时的陈述句），have/has(not)+主语 例句： He has been to London before, hasnt he?三、时间状语（关键词） （1）经历、影响 ：强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。e.g. He has never seen a big star. 现在完成时表示从过去到现在之间曾经经历过的事情，常用的时间状语有：often 经常 never 从不 ever曾经 once 一次，曾经 twice 两次 three times 三次 since 自从 before 之前 just 刚刚 already已经 ever
19、曾经 recently 最近 never 从未 yet还，迄今（否定句），已经（肯定句） 练一练：-Have you _ been to our town before? -No, its the first time I _ here. A. even; come B. even; have come C. ever; come D. ever; have come When I was at college I _ three foreign languages, but I _ all except a few words of each. A. spoke; had forgotten
20、 B. spoke; have forgotten C. had spoken; had forgotten D. had spoken; have forgotten-Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. -I _ it right here, but now its gone. A. did you put; have put B. have you put; put C. had you put; have put D. were you putting; have put（2）延续 Eg. We have known each ot
21、her for two years. （1）常和表示一段时间的状语连用： this week/month 这周/月 lately 最近 these days 这些天since 自从 since then 从那时起 since 2 days ago 从两天前 for a long time 一段时间 up to now 直到现在 till/until now 直到现在 in the past few days 在过去几天 during the last two weeks在过去的两周 so far 迄今为止 练一练：Tom _ the CD player for two weeks. A. ha
22、s lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has hadMary and Rose _ friends since they met in London in 1998. A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become 【注意】 since+时间点表示“从.开始”， since+时间段+ago 表示“从.前开始” for+时间段 表示“在.期间” （2） 现在完成时表示延续意义时，要使用延续性动词，常见非延续性动词和延续性动词转化形式如下： 用相应的延续性动词或者近义词；buy - have, borrow
23、 - keep, put on - wear, catch/get a cold - have a cold, come/go/become - be. 转换成 be名词;join the Party - be a Party member,join the army - be a soldier,go to school - be a student. 转换成be + 介词短语 :go to school - be in school,join the army - be in the army. 转换成be + adj.:die - be dead, openbe open, get ma
24、rried-be married , close - be closed 转换成be + adv. :begin/start - be on, leave () - be away (from), gobe away finish - be over, come/arrivebe here come backbe back四、 have/has gone to；have/has been to；have/has been in的区别have/has gone to：已经去了或在途中，还没有返回；have/has been to：曾经去过某地，现在已经回来了，后面可接表示“次数”的状语； hav
25、e/has been in：表示某人“已在某地停留一段时间，现仍在那里”，其后常带表示一段时间的状语。 Where is Tom? Tom 在哪儿？ He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books. 他去书店买书了。I have been in Beijing for 5 years. 我在北京待了5年了。 Jack has been to Beijing twice. Jack去过上海两次了。副词作地点状语前无介词，类似的副词还有home, here, anywhere, there，outside, inside， abroad等 练一练：-Ha
26、ve you ever _the Great Wall?-Yes, twice.A. been in B. been to C. went to D. gone to五、 与一般过去时的区别：1)过去时强调过去发生的动作，与现在可能没有联系；而现在完成时强调的是影响，一定是与现在有联系的。 练一练： _you _the film before? Where _ you _it?A. Have seendidsee B. Did seedidwatchC. Haveseenhaveseen D. Did seehaveseen2) 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用。一般过去时的时间状语：yesterday,lastweek, ago,in1980,inOctober,justnow 等。现在完成时的时间状语：for,since,sofar,ever,never, just,yet, till/until,uptonow,inpastyears等。 练一练： Mother _me a new coat yesterday. I_ it on. It fits me well.A. had madehave tried B. madehave tried C. has madetried D. madetried-_you _
