1、16连词+介词连词可以分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。连结具有并列关系的词，短语或句子的连词叫并列连词。根据其意义，并列连词又可分为表示联合，转折，选择和因果等关系的连词。一：并列连词1.表示联合关系的并列连词有and , bothand，neithernor， not onlybut also等。如：He is not only my teacher but also my friend. 他不仅是我的老师，而且是我的朋友Tom and Mike are waiting for me. 汤姆和麦克正在等我Eg . Neither Jim nor his cousins _to America,
2、 but _of them know the country very well. A. have been , all B have been, bothC. has been, allD. has been, both I could speak _Japanese _Chinese, so I had to talk with him in English A. not only, but alsoB. both, and C. neither , norD. either, or2. 表示转折关系的并列连词有：but，while，yet，however，whereas，neverthe
3、less。如： He is poor, but honest. 他很穷，但他很诚实。 I was born in Xian while I grew up in Changchun.我出生在西安，然而我在长春生长。 Eg. Id like to go shopping with you, _Im too busy today. A. butB. andC. soD. or Tony is a clever boy, _he usually fails in Chinese exams A. soB. butC. orD. because I am really sorry, _I cant g
4、o swimming with you this Sunday. Its OK, We can go together next time A. and B. soC. orD. but When youre learning English, use it, _you wont make great progress. A. orB. thenC. andD. but3. 表示选择关系的并列连词有：or, or else, otherwise ( 否则，不然), eitheror, rather than, 如：Would you like tea or coffee? You may we
5、ar either of the coats. You must be joking, or else you re mad. 你一定在开玩笑，否则你疯了 Eg. Stop, _ we will shoot at you. A. so B. andC. orD. then Were going to the bookstore. You can come with us _you can meet us there later. A. andB. but C. orD. then4. 表示因果关系的并列连词有：so, for, then, therefore等常可放在句首表示因果关系。如： H
6、e felt no fear,forhe was very brave.他没感到害怕，因为他很勇敢。 Your advice is right,thereforethey will take it. 你的建议是对的，因而他们会听取的。Eg. Ricky caught a bad cold yesterday, _ he had to stay at home. A. becauseB. butC. orD. so There is a lot of traffic in the city, _look both ways before crossing the street A. soB. a
7、ndC. butD. for二：从属连词:引导宾语从句的从属连词1.that 引导的宾语从句：表示陈述意义的宾语从句，由从属连词that引导，that本身没有意 义，而且常省略。 如：I think (that) you can help me.2.whether 与if引导的宾语从句：表示“是否”等一般疑问句意义的宾语从句，由从属连词 whether 或if引导。 如：She asked me if I knew the answer.3.wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句：带有“谁，谁的, 什么时候，什么地方，怎样，为什么”等特殊 疑问意义的宾语从句，由连接代词who, whom, whose,
8、what, which和连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导。 如：Could you tell me how to get to the school ?你能告诉我怎样到达学校吗？Eg. I followed him to see _ he was going, and I was very surprised when he went into the police station. A. howB. whereC. whyD. whether Have you found any information about Tibet (西藏) on the Interne
9、t Yes. But I dont know _it is useful for you A. thatB. whatC. ifD. how三：从属连词：引导状语从句的从属连词。1.引导时间状语从句when, while, as, after, before, since, till/until, as soon as. 如：When it rains ,I go to school by bus.I knew nothing about it until he told me Eg .The kids didnt start to fly kites in the playground _t
10、he rain stopped A. ifB. untilC. wheneverD. since He met many problems _ he was going over his lessons A. beforeB. as soon asC. sinceD. while注意：when 和while 均可引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”但when 既可以引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。而while引导的动作必须是持续性的。2. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：as, because, since 如：I didnt go to school because I was ill ye
11、sterday. Since everybody is here, lets begin. Eg. The red suitcase is expensive _its made of leather (皮革) AwhenB. if C. becauseD. though I keep an English diary _it helps me improve my writing skill A. howB. whenC. becauseD. if3. 引导地点状语从句的从属连词有：where, wherever 等。 如：Wherever she may be,she will be ha
12、ppy无论在什么地方她都很快乐 Where is a hill, there is water有山的地方就有水4 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if，unless，so/as long as 等 如： If he rings me up, I will tell you.We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. Eg. My brother is going to look for another job_the company offers him more money A. afterB. when C. unlessD. besides _yo
13、u go to bed earlier, you wont feel tired in the morning A. UnlessB. BecauseC. If D. When I dont like bread. I wont eat it _I am very hungry A. if B. when C. as D. unless5. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词有：that, so that, in order that 等. 如：He felt early so that he can catch the early bus. He took medicine on time in o
14、rder that he might get well. Eg . I sit in the front of the classroom _I can hear clearly. A. so thatB. whenC. in orderD. if He worked _hard _he passed the exam. A. such, thatB. so, thatC. as,asD. too, to6. 引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so, so that, so/suchthat, that等。 如：She is such a good student that we all like
15、it. 她是一个好学生，我们都喜欢她。 Eg. More and more people in Beijing are learning English _they can better serve the 2008 Olympic Games. Im sure they will. A. because ofB. so that C. even thoughD. as if He walked _fast for us _catch up with A. so that B. such , thatC. enough, toD. too, to 7. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词: thoug
16、h, although, as, even if, even though, however, whatever, whoever, no matter, how, what, which. 如：Though he is old, he still works hard. Eg . I cant still understand the passage _there are few new words in it. A. soB. becauseC. ifD. though _it is dark now, the workers go on working there. A. ThoughB
17、. BecauseC. AsD. If You cant catch up with a car _how fast you run. A. howeverB. no matterC. althoughD. whatever My brother and I look different _we are twins. A. unless B. as C. thoughD. because8. 引导方式状语从句的从属连词：as, as if, as though等， 如：She speaks English as if she were an Englishman.她讲起英语来就好像是英国人似的
18、。9. 引导比较状语从句的从属连词有：as, asas，not soas，than。 如：She works harder than before. 她比以前更加努力工作了。 Eg. The classroom is _clean _it was yesterday. Sorry, I forgot to clean it. A. as,asB. so,asC. not so, asD. more, than常用连词用法：1. and/but/orHe put on his clothes, took an umbrella and went out.Come over here, and I
19、 will tell you a secret.This book is not mine but hers.Would you like some tea or coffee?2. 祈使句+and/or+陈述句Get up early, and you will catch the first bus.Get up early, or you will miss the fist bus.(If you get up early, you will catch the first bus.)Work hard, or you will not pass the exam.(If you do
20、nt work hard, you will not pass the exam.)3. Bothand即.又.The girl can both sing and dance.Both he and I are tired.4. Not onlybut also 不但而且 Neithernor 既不也不 Either.or 要么.要么He can speak not only English but also French.Her mother is not only beautiful but also clever.They can neither swim nor skate.Come
21、 either today or tomorrow.She is either in the lab or in the library.Not only she but also I am a music lover.(注意主谓一致这三组适用就近原则)Neither he nor you are right.Either he or his parents are about to leave.5. as well as.不仅.而且.(侧重前面)He speaks not only French but also Spanish.He speaks Spanish as well as Fr
22、ench.We cant expect the girl to clean the house as well as cook the dinner.He speaks French and Spanish as well.He as well as I is going to the cinema.(注意主谓一致,此处随前面的主语部分)6. so, while, yet, howeverHe was tired, so he went to bed early.They work hard. Yet they failed.Mum is cooking while Dad is watchi
23、ng TV.He failed later. However, he decided to try again.7. that/if/whetherWe know that he will be back soon.That you left early is wise.The reason is that we never go to school late.I wonder if/whether she can go with me.Whether they will pass the exam is still a question.(主语从句或表语从句中只用whether 引导, 不能
24、用if)8. when/while/as soon aswe will write to you when you return next week.You must keep quiet while the teacher is speaking.Let you know as soon as I get there tomorrow.9. was/were doing + when .They were playing when it began to rain.I like coffee while he likes tea.【课堂巩固练习】1. Lucy knew nothing ab
25、out it her sister told her. A. because B. until C. if D. since2. Be careful, you will make mistakes in your exams.I know that, Mum. One can never be too careful. A. and B. or C. not D. but3. Forests help to keep water from running away, drought does not often happen. A. and B. but C. so D. though【家庭
26、作业】1. I dont like reading watching TV. What about you? “I dont like reading all day, I like watching TV plays.” Aand, but Band, and Cor, and Dor, but2. You wont know the value(价值) of the health you lose it. Auntil Bafter Cwhen Dbecause3. We bought Granny a present, she didnt like it. Abut Band Cor Dso4. Study hard, you will pass the exam. Aso Bfor Cbut Dand5. Put on more clothes, youll catch cold.
