1、高考英语阅读理解的综合复习一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 It started during a yoga class. She felt a strange pull on her neck, a feeling completely foreign to her. Her friend suggested she rush to the emergency room. It turned out that she was having a heart attack. She didnt share similar symptoms with someone who was likely t
2、o have a heart attack. She exercised, watched her plate and did not smoke. But on reviewing her medical history, I found that her cholesterol (胆固醇) level was sky-high. She had been prescribed a cholesterol-lowering statin (他汀) medication, but she never picked up the prescription because of the scary
3、 things she had read about statins on the Internet. She was the victim of fake medical news. While misinformation has been the object of great attention in politics, medical misinformation might lead to an increase in deaths. As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further
4、than truths on the Internetand they have very real bad consequences. False medical information can also lead to patients experiencing greater side effects through the nocebo effect (反安慰剂效应) . Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention (干预) simply because they believe they willthats the placebo
5、effect (安慰剂效应). The nocebo effect is the opposite. Patients can experience harmful effects because they anticipate them. This is very true of statins. In blinded trials, patients who get statins are no more likely to report feeling muscle aches than patients who get a placebo. Yet, in clinical pract
6、ice, according to one study, almost a fifth of patients taking statins report side effects, leading many to discontinue the drugs. What else is on the fake news hit list? As always, vaccines (疫苗) . False concerns that the vaccine may cause side effects have greatly reduced coverage rates. Cancer is
7、another big target for pushers of medical misinformationmany of whom refuse alternative therapies. Though most people think cancer tumors are bad, theyre actually the way your body attempts to contain the harmful cells, one fake news story reads. It warns that prescription medications lead to the un
8、controlled cell mutations (变异) . Silicon Valley needs to face this problem. I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk, perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information. Meanwhile, journalists should
9、 do a better job of spreading accurate information.（1）We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _. A.the woman paid little attention to her daily dietsB.the unhealthy lifestyle might lead to the womans heart attackC.the symptom of the heart attack was familiar to the womanD.the woman didnt take the prescri
10、ption due to fake medical news（2）According to the passage, the placebo effect functions because patients _. A.neglect necessary treatmentB.discontinue the harmful drugsC.believe the benefits of an interventionD.suffer more side effects（3）What does the author mean by claiming that he is not a free-sp
11、eech lawyer in the last paragraph? A.He is a lawyer very easy to speak to.B.He is good at speaking because of his job.C.He is available to give a speech on the law.D.He is very cautious when speaking something（4）The main purpose of the passage is to _. A.remind us to take medication as prescribedB.w
12、arn us against fake medical news on the InternetC.encourage journalists to report more positive news eventsD.teach us how to distinguish fake medical news on the Internet【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”.,but she never picked up the prescript
13、ion because of the scary things she had read about stains on the Internet.她从来没有拿过这个处方，因为她在网上看到关于他汀的可怕事情，可知，由于虚假的医疗信息，这名女子没有服用那个处方药。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Sometimes patients benefit from an intervention simply because they believe they will thats the placebo effect.”有时患者从干预中获益仅仅是因为他们相信他们会这就是安慰剂效应，可知，
14、安慰剂效应的作用是因为患者相信干预的好处。故选C。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的“I am not a free-speech lawyer, but when human health is at risk,perhaps search engines, social media platforms and websites should be held responsible for promoting or hosting fake information.”我不是一个言论自由的律师，但当人类健康受到威胁时，或许搜索引擎、社交媒体平台和网站应该为推广或提供虚假信息负责，可知，他不
15、赞成随口造谣、传谣的，同时他说话很谨慎。故选D。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“As is true with fake news in general, medical lies tend to spread further than truths on the Internetand they have very real bad consequences.”就像假新闻一样，医学上的谎言在网络上传播得比真相还远，而且后果非常严重；以及文章中的例子可知，全文的主要目的是通过举例来论证了网络谣言，尤其是关于药物的网络谣言有巨大的杀伤力，来教我们如何辨别网上的假医疗新闻。故选B。 【点评】
16、本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 The Outdoor City Adventure Book Festival For one week in July, Sheffield Central Library becomes the center of adventure in the Outdoor City. Check out some of the events. Most of them are free but early booking is
17、 recommended. July 10 Bee Quest - A Hunt for the Worlds Most Elusive (难以捕捉的) Bees Central library Carpenter Room, 7:00-8:30pm. A hunt for the worlds most elusive bees leads Professor Dave Goulson from Poland to Patagonia, deep into the Ecuadorian Jungle. He also explores closer to home. Among secret
18、 places hidden right under our noses and through his scientific expertise (专业知识), shows us that beauty hides in the most surprising places. July 11 Clarion Call: A Heartfelt Tribute to Sheffields Access Pioneers Central library Carpenter Room, 10:30-11:30am. Well-known walker, activist and campaigne
19、r, Terry Howard takes us back a hundred years and shares the story of the role Sheffielders played in the first fights for our right to freely walk on the Peak District moors (旷野). The Clarion Ramblers is thought to be the first working class walking club. This is the story of their important role i
20、n gaining us the access we all enjoy today. July 12 The Wainwrights in Color Central Library Carpenter Room, 1:30-2:30pm. Inspired by the work of the great Alfred Wainwright, over 10 years Andy Beck has reproduced in watercolor all 1, 500 pictures drawn in A Pictorial Guide to the Lakeland Fells. An
21、dy speaks about how the scenes in the Lake District have changed during the last 50 years. July 13 Craft (制作) Your Own Adventure Journal-A Workshop Central Library Reading Room, 2:00-3:00 pm,5. Learn paper craft techniques to make your own beautiful travel journal. Get advice from our expert tutor o
22、n using old photos adventures and holidays. Collecting stories and memories from your.（1）Which event should you choose if youre interested in bees? A.Bee Quest.B.Clarion Call.C.The Wainwrights in Color.D.Craft Your Own Adventure Journal.（2）What day is the right time to share the story of Sheffielder
23、s? A.July 10.B.July 11.C.July 12.D.July 13.（3）What is special about Craft Your Own Adventure Journal? A.It lasts the longest.B.It needs reservation.C.It calls for admission charges.D.It offers the most interesting stories.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几个户外城市探险书展。在七月的一个星期里，谢菲尔德中央图书馆成为户外城市的冒险中
24、心。这些事件，大部分都是免费的，但建议大家要提前预订。 （1）考查细节理解。根据July 10部分中 的”Bee Quest - A Hunt for the Worlds Most Elusive (难以捕捉的) Bees Central library Carpenter Room“,可知，Bee Quest中可寻找世界上最难以捉摸的蜜蜂，如果你对蜜蜂感兴趣，可以到Bee Quest，故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据July 11 部分中的”Central library Carpenter Room,. This is the story of their important role
25、 in gaining us the access we all enjoy today可知，在7月11日的Clarion Call是分享谢菲尔德故事的最佳时机。故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据July 13部分中的个Craft (制作) Your Own Adventure Journal-A Workshop Central Library Reading Room, 2:00-3:00pm, 5.可知，在这个活动中，要收取费用5英镑。而上文其他的活动中都不收取费用，这是这个活动与其他不同之处，故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，
26、结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Water is a necessity of life. Rain, especially, helps plants grow and stay green. But too much rain, especially in cities, can lead to flooding. That can cause waste water systems to overflow and send pollutants into rivers and other waterways. To fight the problem, several cit
27、ies in the United States are starting programs like rooftop gardens. A team at the University of the District of Columbia in the nations capital has created a garden on the top of one school building. The garden holds many kinds of plants to help absorb rainwater and grow food at the same time. Arch
28、itect David Bell has designed five green roofs for the university. He says he is excited about the project because it meant doing something more than just dealing with storm water management. It took advantage of a resource above the city and these flat roofs that arent doing anything really became
29、something that was about urban agriculture. Rainwater is collected in large containers and sent through a system that waters the rooftop garden. The roof is filled with green life that appeals to insects. In cities, you dont have that many spaces to choose from and so rooftops are just (unused) spac
30、e, says Caitlin Arlotta. She is a student in the schools Urban Agriculture program. The project is part of a research program to see which plants do well on rooftops. The researchers are looking at plants including strawberries, tomatoes and sweet potatoes. The university also has other green spaces
31、. We also have our own farm experiments, Arlotta said. Within each of those growing systems, we want to be able to tell people which sorts of these crops grow the best. Sandy Farber Bandier helps run UDCs Master Gardener program. It seeks to improve cities and make them beautiful by training people to become Master Gardeners. She says shes been surprised by the gard
