1、最新高二一高考十种英语时态及被动语态高二暑期课程一高考十种英语时态及被动语态知识梳理十种时态一一般现在时1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every, sometimes, at, on Sunday等。 I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun.3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. Columbus proved that the earth is round.4) 现在时刻
2、的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.5）一般现在时表将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情，或用在倒装句中。 The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. When Bill comes, ask him to wait for me. Ill write to you as soon as I arrive there.二、一般过去时的用法1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的
3、动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? I saw Tom in the street yesterday. 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street.3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。 Did you want to speak to me now? I wondered if you could h
4、elp me. Could you lend me your bike?4）用在虚拟语气中。 If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. 特殊句式 It is time for sb. to do sth “到时间了；该了”， It is time sb. did sth. “时间已迟了；早该了”，例如： It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”，例如： Id
5、rather you came tomorrow.三、一般将来时1) shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。Will you be at home at seven this evening?2) be going to +不定式，表示将来计划做某事，或者按照迹象可能发生的事。What are you going to do tomorrow? Look at the dark clouds; there is going to be a storm.3) be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。 We are to
6、 discuss the report next Saturday.4) be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事，不与表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。He is about to leave for Beijing.四、现在进行时 1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 2. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. 3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
7、 Its getting warmer and warmer. 4. 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind.注意：不用进行时的动词 1) 事实状态的动词。如：have, belong, possess, cost, owe, exist, include, contain, matter, weigh, measure, continue2) 心理状态的动词。如：know, realize, think see, believe, s
8、uppose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate3) 瞬间动词。如：accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refuse.4) 系动词。如：seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell, feel, taste, get, become, turn五、过去进行时1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。2）过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的
9、背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。3) 常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while It was raining when they left the station. 六 现在完成时1)构成：助动词have (has) + 动词的过去分词2) 现在完成时的用法：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already, before, yet, never, ev
10、er等状语连用。例如：I have never heard of that before.Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.3) 现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如：for和since，以及 so far, now, today, this week(month, year) 等。 She has learnt English for 3 years. They have lived here sin
11、ce 1990.注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。 4）现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作，例如：If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.注意：1.have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。have / has gone (to) 表示某人
12、“已经去了”某地，说话时此人不在这里。 He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京。2.延续动词与瞬间动词 1) 用于完成时的区别：延续动词表示经验、经历； 瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示段的时间状语连用。 He has completed the work. 他已完成了那项工作。 (表结果) Ive known him since then. 我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历)2) 用于till / until 从句的差异：延续动词用于肯定句，表示“做直到” ；瞬间动词用于否定句，表示“到，才”。 He d
13、idnt come back until ten oclock. 他到10 点才回来。 He slept until ten oclock. 他一直睡到10点。七、过去完成时的用法1）概念：表示过去的过去。-|-|-|- t 那时以前 那时 现在 其结构是：had + 过去分词2）过去完成时的用法：1过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。2. 过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。3.在told, said, knew, heard, thoug
14、ht等动词后的宾语从句。4.在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。5. 表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能6过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。By the end of last year we had built five new houses.Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. She said (th
15、at) she had never been to Paris.When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.八、过去将来时1）基本概念：过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它是一个相对的时态，即立足于过去某时，从过去的某一时间看即将发生的事情就要用这一时态。 He said his mother would buy a bike for him。2）基本形式： wouldshould动词原形They were sure
16、they would win the final victory他们坚信会赢得最后胜利。 He didnt expect that we should（would）all be there他没想到我们都在那里。 3）过去将来时的一些其它表达形式： 1wasweregoing to动词原形 2waswereto动词原形 3waswere about动词原形 4过去进行时（一般多为动作概念较强的动词，如 go，come， leave，start， open，begin 等）也可用于表示将来。 I didnt know when they were coming again 我不知道他们什么时候再来
17、。 When he was a child he would get up early 他年幼时，总是很早起床。 九、将来进行时（1）将来进行时概念： 表示将来某时进行的状态或动作，或按预测将来会发生的事情。 Shell be coming soon. Ill be meeting him sometime in the future. （2） 将来进行时的用法：a) 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。如： This time tomorrow I shall be flying to Guangzhou. 明天这个时候我将在飞往广州的途中。 What will you be doi
18、ng at eight tomorrow morning? 明天上午八点钟你将做什么? I hope you wont be feeling too tired. 我希望你不要太累。 Well be watching television all evening. 我们整个晚上都将看电视。 b) 表示将来被客观情况所决定的动作或者按照安排将要发生的动作。如： Well be having tea after dinner as usual. 像通常一样，我们晚饭后将要喝茶。 The leaves will be falling soon. 树叶很快就会脱落。 We shall be havin
19、g a meeting tomorrow morning. 我们明天要开一个会。 Ill be taking my holidays soon. 我不久即将度假。注意：将来进行时不用于表示意志，不能说 Ill be having a talk with her. （3）将来进行时常用的时间状语:soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，tomorrow, in two days, tomorrow evening等。 By this time tomorrow, Ill be lying on the beach. 十、现在完成进
20、行时的用法1)表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在。现在这个动作可能已经终止，也可能仍然在进行着。如：I have been waiting for you for two hours.It has been raining for three hours.2)有些不能用现在进行时态的动词，如be，have like，love，know，see，hear等，同样也不能用现在完成进行时，而只能用现在完成时。如：She has been ill for a long time. 她已经病了好久了。被动语态一般用于强调受者，做题时谓语动词后通常不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态
21、、语气和非谓语动词一起考，需要注意以下考点。 考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组 come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeedIt took place before liberation.考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用：lock, wash, sell, read, wear, bla
22、me, ride , writeGlass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。 The car rides smoothly. 这车走起来很稳。 The case locks easily. 这箱子很好锁。 The book sells well. 这本书很畅销。 考点三：一些常用经典被动句型 It is said, It is reported, It is widely believed，It is expected, It is estimated,这些句子一般翻译为“据说”，“人们认为”，而“以前人们认为”则应该说：It was believed, It was though
23、t。演练方阵A档（巩固专练）1、As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you come12、-Why did you leave that position?- I _ a better position at IBM. A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered3、- _ leave at the end of this month.-I dont thin
24、k you should do that until _ another job.A. Im going to ; youd found B. Im going to ; youve foundC. Ill ; youll find D. Ill ; youd find4、-Your job _ open for your return.- Thanks.A. will be kept B. will keep C. had kept D. had been kept5、-Where did you put the car keys?-Oh, I _ I put them on the cha
25、ir because the phone rang as I _ in.A. remembered ; come B. remembered ; was comingC. remember ; come D. remember ; was coming6、-How can I apply for an online course?-Just fill out this form and we _ what we can do for you. A. see B. are seeing C. have seen D. will see7、I got caught in the rain and
26、my suit_. A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined8、-It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, dont mention it. I _past your house anyway. A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come9、-Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?-Who _ it?A. writes B.
27、 has written C. wrote D. had written10、The hotel wasnt particularly good. But I _ in many worse hotels.A .was staying B stayed C. would stay D. had stayedB档（提升精练）11、No decision _ about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed. A. will be made B. is madeC. is being made D
28、. has been made12、Scientists have many theories about how the universe _ into being.A. came B. was coming C. had come D. would come13、The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service. A. treated B. were treated C. would treat D. would be treated14、When I talked with my gr
29、andma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _ up, her voice had been full of life. A. were hanging B. had hung C. hung D. would hang15、John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather _ with them to school. A. took B. had taken C. were taking D. would take16、In the spoken Eng
30、lish of some areas in the US, the r sounds at the end of the words .A. are dropped B. drop C. are being dropped D. have dropped17、 -Im not finished with my dinner yet.-But our friends for us. A. will wait B. wait C. have waited D. are waiting18、-Im sorry, but I dont quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?-Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20. A. hadnt made B. wouldnt make C. dont make D. havent made19、It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they _ for me. A. had done B. did C.
