1、江苏专版高考英语二轮复习与策略 第1部分 专题1 单项填空 第2讲 非谓语从句讲练第二讲非谓语动词1(2016江苏高考，28)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message _ within the work.Ato hide BhiddenChiding Dbeing hiddenB考查非谓语动词。句意：进行艺术评论时，你得假设艺术家在作品中藏了一个隐秘信息。四个选项都是hide的非谓语动词形式，关键看a secret message和hide是什么关系。它们是被动关系，故选B项hidden作后置定语。D项be
2、ing hidden虽然也表被动，但还表进行，与语境不符。2(2015江苏高考，24)Much time _ sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.Abeing spent Bhaving spentCspent DspendingC考查独立主格结构。句意：由于办公室职员在书桌前坐得太久，所以他们普遍被健康问题困扰。time和spend之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。3(2014江苏高考，29)The lecture _，a lively questionandanswer se
3、ssion followed.Abeing given Bhaving givenCto be given Dhaving been givenD考查独立主格结构的用法。句意：演讲结束后，气氛热烈的问答环节随之而来。由短语give a lecture可知，the lecture和give是被动关系，故排除B项。由a.session followed可知，作演讲的动作已经结束，故用D项having been done构成独立主格结构。A项being given表示“正在”，C项to be given表示“将要”，均不符合句意。4(2016北京高考，26)_ it easier to get in
4、 touch with us，youd better keep this card at hand.AMade BMakeCMaking DTo makeD考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。分析句子结构可知，空格处作状语，且表示目的，故选D项动词不定式To make。5(2016北京高考，28)_ over a week ago，the books are expected to arrive any time now.AOrdering BTo orderCHaving ordered DOrderedD考查非谓语动词。句意：这些书是一个多星期以前订购的，现
5、在有望随时到货。句中the books与order是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动和完成，故选D项。 【导学号：57732002】6(2016北京高考，32)Newlybuilt wooden cottages line the street，_ the old town into a dreamland.Aturn BturningCto turn DturnedB考查非谓语动词。句意：新建的木屋排列在街道两旁，把这座古老的城镇变成了梦幻的世界。题中动词line(沿排列成行)是谓语动词，所以turn就只能用非谓语动词形式；句子主语newlybuilt wooden cottages与turn是
6、主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。7(2016浙江高考，10)To return to the problem of water pollution，Id like you to look at a study _ in Australia in 2012.Ahaving conducted Bto be conductedCconducting DconductedD考查过去分词(短语)作定语。句意：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012年在澳大利亚进行的研究。a study与conduct之间是被动关系，故用过去分词短语作后置定语。本题中return to是正式用语，表示“再
7、讨论，重新处理(某个主题)”之意。8(2016浙江高考，19)I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do _ with students.Aworking BworkCto work DworkedA考查非谓语动词。句意：航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。题干中的do指代前面的have fun，have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，是固定搭配，故选A。9(2016天津高考，4)The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows，_ air conditioning un
8、necessary.Amaking Bto makeCmade Dbeing madeA考查非谓语动词。句意：凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来，没有必要吹空调了。题中swept是谓语动词，所以make只能用非谓语动词形式；句子主语the cooling wind与make是主动关系，故用现在分词作结果状语。B项to make也可以作结果状语，但表示出乎意料的结果，不符合语境。10(2015安徽高考，27)_the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.AIg
9、nore BIgnoringCIgnored DHaving ignoredB考查非谓语动词。句意：忽视这两个研究结果的不同将是你犯的最严重的错误之一。从will be one of the worst mistakes you make来看，will的前面部分是主语，因此用v.ing短语作主语。这里表达一般情况，因此不用完成式。一、非谓语动词的各种形式非谓语动词根据其表示动作的发生时间和表示的意义可以有不同的形式。非谓语动词形式不定式一般式：to do/to be done进行式：to be doing完成式：to have done/to have been done否定式：not to
10、dov.ing形式一般式：doing/being done完成式：having done/having been done否定式：not doing过去分词形式否定式：not done二、非谓语动词的句法功能1非谓语动词作主语作主语的可以是不定式和动名词。非谓语动词用法不定式往往表示一次性的、具体的动作常用it作形式主语，而把不定式后置动名词表示一般或抽象的行为有时也可用it作形式主语，但仅限于几个句型It is a great honor to be invited to speak here.Playing the piano is my hobby.It is no good telli
11、ng him the news.注意：it作形式主语代替动名词常出现在It is no use/good doing.，It is useful doing.，It is a waste of time doing.等句式里。2非谓语动词作宾语作宾语的可以是不定式和动名词，但是不定式一般不作介词的宾语(1)介词后常常接v.ing形式作宾语After being painted and furnished，the house will be used for a nursery.(2)下列动词只能用不定式作宾语decide/determine，learn，want，expect/hope/wis
12、h；refuse，manage，care，pretend；offer，promise，choose，plan；agree，ask/beg，help请牢记下面的口诀：决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。此外，afford，strive，happen，wait，threaten等也要用不定式作宾语。(3)下列动词或词组只能用动名词作宾语consider，suggest/advise，look forward to，excuse/pardon；admit，delay/put off，fancy(想象，设想)；avoid，miss，keep/keep on，practice
13、；deny，finish，enjoy/appreciate；forbid，imagine，risk；cant help(禁不住)，mind，allow/permit，escape请牢记下面的口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。此外，be used/accustomed to，lead to，devote to，go back to，stick to，object to，get down to，pay attention to，cant stand(无法忍受)，give up，feel like，insist on，thank y
14、ou for，apologize for，be busy(in)，have difficulty/trouble(in)，have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)，spend time(in)等短语后也要用动名词作宾语。(4)下列动词或词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别：meanforgetregrettrygo onremember(5)动词want，need，require意为“需要”时，后面跟v.ing的主动式或动词不定式的被动式作宾语，意义相同。The flowers need/want/require watering/to
15、be watered.(6)跟不定式和动名词作宾语均可且意义差别不大的动词like，love，prefer，hate，begin，start，intend，continue 等。She started playing(to play)the violin when she was four.3非谓语动词作表语作表语的可以是不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词用法不定式表示某一特定行为，尤其是将来的或有待实现的行为动名词不强调动作，只说明动作的名称或主语的内容现在分词表示主语具有的特征过去分词表示主语的感受或所处的状态My wish is to be a scientist.The m
16、ost important thing is to put the theory into practice.What she likes is watching the children play.The reason he gave was very convincing.He is shocked at what happened to his son.4非谓语动词作补足语作补足语的可以是不定式、现在分词和过去分词。非谓语动词用法不定式表示动作的全过程或经常性、反复性的动作现在分词表示一个主动、正在进行的动作过去分词表示一个被动或完成的动作The mother urged the lit
17、tle boy to go to bed.I caught him reading my private letters.He went home happily with his homework finished.注意：大多数动词后用带to的不定式作补足语，但表示“看、听、感觉”意义的动词及使役动词have，make，let后用不带to的不定式作补足语。5非谓语动词作定语作定语的可以是不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词。非谓语动词用法不定式一般位于被修饰词之后，表示发生在谓语动词之后的动作，若表示已经发生的动作，名词前多用形容词、分词、序数词等修饰动名词一般位于被修饰词之前，说明被修饰词的
18、用途现在分词表示主动、正在进行的意义过去分词表示被动、完成的意义Are you going to attend the meeting to be held in the hall?There is much that can be done about the problem arising from carelessness.Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists.注意：名词ability，chance，way等及有序数词修饰的名词后多用不定式作定语。作定语的不定式若是不及物动词其后需搭配适当的介词。6非
19、谓语动词作状语作状语的可以是不定式、现在分词、过去分词。非谓语动词用法不定式一般式表示的动作与句子主语是主动关系，且含有将来意义可表示原因、目的、结果等表示目的可置于句首，表示原因、结果置于句末表示结果时一般含有出人意料之意，和前句之间往往有因果关系现在分词分词表示的动作与句子主语是主动关系，且含有进行意义可表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等表示结果置于句末，其他情况置于句末、句首均可表示结果时含有“顺其自然而产生”之意，和前句之间往往有因果关系过去分词分词表示的动作与句子主语有被动关系，且含有完成意义可表示时间、原因、方式、条件等，置于句首、句末均可To pass the College Entr
20、ance Examination，we must work hard.I was surprised to find him here.Being busy，she didnt reply to her fathers letter.Having been told the meeting was cancelled，I went home after work.The plane crashed，killing all the people on board.Born into a poor family，he had only two years of schooling.Encourag
21、ed by his teacher，he still has no confidence in overcoming the difficulties.注意：only/just to.表示意想不到的结果；too.to.“太而不能”；so/such.as to.“如此以至于”；enough(for sb.)to“(对某人来说)足够做某事”等是几种常用不定式表示结果的结构。三、非谓语动词的独立结构非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，即句子的主语必须是非谓语动词所表示的动作的执行者或承受者。但有时候无论非谓语动词采用哪种形式都不能使其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致，此时非谓语动词需带有自己的
22、主语，即构成“名词/代词不定式/现在分词/过去分词”形式的独立结构。1名词/代词to do动作没有发生，表示动作即将发生。With so much homework to do，Tom looks sad.2名词/代词v.ing形式两者之间是主动关系，或表示动作正在进行。The students seating themselves，the professor began his lecture.3名词/代词v.ed形式两者之间是被动关系，或表示动作已结束。Her glasses broken，she couldnt see the road clearly.1(2016江苏盐城市三模)Our
23、 car_engine trouble，we stopped for the night at a roadside rest area.Adeveloped Bbeing developedChaving developed Dto developC考查非谓语动词。句意：由于我们的小汽车的发动机已经出毛病了，我们在路边的休息区停下住了一夜。develop后有宾语engine trouble，our car是develop的动作执行者，且动作先于主句谓语动词发生，应用现在分词的完成时构成独立主格结构。故选C。2(2016泰州市二模)Johnson is said to be the first
24、 young teacher_to professor in your university this year.Exactly._of his own competence is an important factor in his success.Apromoted；ConvincingBto have been promoted；ConvincingCpromoted；ConvincedDto have been promoted；Being convincedD考查非谓语动词。句意：约翰逊据说是今年你们大学晋级教授的第一位年轻教师。是的。他对自己能力的自信心是他成功的一个重要因素。te
25、acher被the first修饰，一般只能用不定式作定语，排除A和C。be convinced of sth. 对有信心，第二空应用动名词短语作主语，故选D。3(2016南通、扬州、淮安、泰州三次调研)What did David demand in the meeting just now?_a chance to join the Debating Club.ABeing offered BHaving been offeredCTo be offered DTo have been offeredC考查非谓语动词。句意：刚才在会上大卫要求什么？提供一个参加辩论俱乐部的机会。答语是回答的
26、what，将答语变成：David demanded to be offered a chance to join the Debating Club in the meeting just now.。demand后跟不定式作宾语，句子的主语David是offer的动作承受者，应用不定式的被动式作宾语，由于offer动作在将来发生，应用不定式的被动式。故选C。4(2016南通市二次调研)A new bridge is reported _across the river in your hometown.Yes，and it brings us great convenience.Ato be
27、building Bto be builtCto have built Dto have been builtD考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道你的家乡已经建起一座新的横跨大河的大桥。是的，它给我们带来了很大的方便。be reported后跟不定式的不同形式，表达不同含义。根据题干，桥已经被建成，且桥是build的动作承受者，应用不定式的被动完成式。故选D。5(2016南通市二次调研)All the photos in the report are provided by the Students Union，unless otherwise_Anoted Bbeing notedCto be n
28、oted Dhaving been notedA考查非谓语动词。句意：如果没有特别说明，报道中的所有照片都由学生会提供。当句子的主语与状语从句的主语一致时，一般可采用连词与分词连用的方式。photos是note的动作承受者，故用过去分词。因动作已经发生，表示现在的状态，采用过去分词。故选A。6(2016启东中学高三下学期调研)Much disappointed as he is_in the job interview，he still keeps his confidence.Ato have failed BfailedChaving failed DfailingA考查非谓语动词。句意：
29、尽管他很失望在工作面试中失败，但是他仍然保持充足的自信心。根据词组be disappointed to do sth.因为某事很失望。由于fail的动作先于be disappointed发生，应用不定式的完成式。故选A。7(2016苏、锡、常、镇四市调研)Why are you so familiar with my close friend Nipple?Yeah，I happen，believe it or not，_him in a packed trip.Ato meet Bto be meetingCto have met Dto be metC考查非谓语动词。句意：你为什么对我亲密
30、的朋友Nipple那么熟悉？耶，信不信由你，我碰巧在一次背包旅行中遇见的他。happen碰巧，后跟不定式作宾语，meet的动作先于happen发生，应用不定式的完成式。故选C。8(2016江苏宿迁市三模)Mr.Mathew，fully_of his sons innocence，began to seek new evidence which would persuade the police to reopen their investigation.Aconvincing BconvincedCto convince Dto be convincedB考查非谓语动词。句意：Mathew先生完全相信他儿子是无罪的，开始搜寻以说服警察重新调查的新证据。be convinced of确信，此处是非谓语动词作原因状语，Mr.Mathew是convince的动作承受者。故选B。 【导学号：57732003】9(2016
