1、人教版九年级英语Unit3重点知识归纳Unit3 Could you tell me where重点知识归纳一、词汇应用1.on ones right / left 在某人的右边 / 左边2.beside the bank 在银行旁边3.turn right / left 右拐 / 左拐4.go past . 经过5.pass by 路过;经过6.try the rides 尝试乘骑项目7.start with . 以开始8.hold ones hand 抓住某人的手9.at first 首先;最初10.get hungry 饿了11.serve delicious food 提供美味的食物1
2、2.on ones way to . 在某人去的路上13.a rock band 一个摇滚乐队14.walk up to sb. 走近某人15.mail a letter 寄信16.go east 朝东走17.visit a foreign country 去国外游览18.ask for help politely 礼貌地请求帮助19.sound less polite / impolite 听起来不怎么礼貌 / 不礼貌20.a direct question 一个直接的问题21.in different situations 在不同的情况下22.school trip 学校旅行23.such
3、 as 诸如24.e-mail address 电子邮箱地址25.lead into a request 导入请求26.trouble sb. 麻烦某人municate better with other people28.更好地与他人交流29.an underground parking lot 一个地下停车场30.change some money 兑换一些钱31.go on a short study vacation 去游学32.in a rush 忙着33.be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋34.spend time (in) doing sth. 花费时间
4、做某事35.look forward to (doing) sth.期望(做)某事e on 加油;快点儿37.pardon me 抱歉,对不起;什么,请再说一遍二、重点句型1.问路常用的句子:Do you know where is ?Can you tell me how can I get to ?Could you tell me how to get to ?Could/Will/Would you please tell me sth. 表示十分客气地询问事情Could you tell me how to get to the park?请你告诉我怎么才能去邮局好吗?2. deci
5、de to do 决定做.She decided to go to have lunch. 她决定去吃午餐。3. Is that a good place to hang out?那是不是一个闲荡的好地方?4. kind of +adj/adv. “有点、一点”She is kind of shy. 她有点害羞。5. prefer 动词,更喜欢、宁愿。 常用的结构有:prefer sth. 更喜欢某事I prefer English. 我更喜欢英语。prefer doing/ to do 宁愿做某事I prefer sitting/ to sit.我宁愿坐着。prefer sth to sth
6、. 同相比更喜欢.I prefer dogs to cats. 与猫相比我更喜欢狗。prefer doing to doing 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer walking to sitting. 我宁愿走路也不愿坐着prefer to do rather than do 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事I prefer to work rather than be free. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。6. Im sorry to do sth. 对做某事我觉得很抱歉、伤心。三、词汇讲解1. informationinformation是不可数名词,意为“信息,情报”,常用some,much,a
7、 great deal of等修饰。表示“一条消息”用 a piece of information。例如: A great deal of information can be stored in the computer. 计算机能储存大量的信息。【拓展】辨析information,news与messageinformation 表示通过打听、观察及学习获得的资料。news是不可数名词,意为“消息,新闻”,指通过广播、电视及报纸报道的事。message是可数名词,意为“口信,消息”,指通过口头或笔头传递给他人的消息。 I like listening to news on the radi
8、o. 我喜欢听广播新闻。 Sorry,he isnt in. Could you leave a message? 对不起,他不在家,请你留个口信好吗?2. past(1)past作介词,意为“经过,穿过”。例如: Go past the hospital, and you will see the post office. 经过医院,你就会看到邮局。(2)past作名词,意为“过去”。例如: Alice has traveled a lot in the past. 爱丽丝在过去旅游了许多地方。(3)past作形容词,意为“过去的,前任的”。例如: Great changes have ta
9、ken place in the past 20 years. 在过去的20年里发生了巨大的变化。【拓展】pass作动词,意为“经过,传递”;pass作名词,意为“关口,通过”。例如: The school bus passed our garden. 校车经过了我们的花园。 Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。 He has got a pass mark. 他达到了及格标准。3. dependdepend意思为“依靠、依赖、取决于”等,只用作不及物动词,通常与介词 on, upon 连用,主要用法有:(1) depend on/upon某人或某物 Whether
10、 well go camping depends on the weather. 我们是否去野营要看天气。有时可在某人或某物后用介词for。 Children depend on their parents for food and clothing. 儿童的衣食靠父母。(2)depend on upon从句 Our success depends on whether everyone works hard or not. 我们的成功取决于每个人是否努力。 The amount you pay depends on where you live. 你付多少钱要看你住什么地方。(3)口语中说
11、It (all) depends. /That depends.意为“那要看情况”。 Are you going too? 你也去吗? That depends. 那要看情况。4. correct (1)correct作形容词,意为“正确的;合适的;恰当的”,例如: Do homework or read in a correct way 用正确的方法做作业或者读书。 The correct answers can be found at the bottom of page 8. 正确答案在第8页末尾。 I think English men are very polite and very
12、 correct. 我认为英国人很有礼貌,举止非常得体。 (2)correct 作动词意为“改正,校正,改错,批改”等,例如: It takes him a lot of time to correct the students homework. 批改学生的作业花费他很多时间。 He may need surgery to correct the problem. 他可能需要手术来矫正这一问题。5. course (1)course 作名词,意为“课程”,是可数名词,其复数为courses。例如: He flunked the course. 他考试不及格。 The college cour
13、se was then cut to three years. 大学学制那时缩短到三年。(2) course 作名词还可以意为“球场、一道菜、道路;线路”等。例如: There is an elaborate five-course meal. 这儿有五道菜的美餐。 The ship has altered its course. 这艘船改变了航线。 The country club has a golf course. 该地区俱乐部拥有高尔夫球场。【拓展】course常用搭配有: of course 自然,当然 in the course of discussion 在讨论期间 a matt
14、er of course 当然的事情6. besidebeside作方位介词,以为“在旁边”,例如: I moved from behind my desk to sit beside her. 我从桌子后面走到她身边坐了下来。 His room is beside mine. 他的房间紧挨着我的房间。【拓展】besides“除之外(还有)”指在整体中加入一部分,表示一种累加关系,有“加上”之意。例如;Besides milk, we need vegetables. 除了牛奶,我们还需要蔬菜。 Besides different types of gas, we can also use e
15、lectricity (电) to run our cars. 除了气体之外,电也可以用来发动汽车。7. look forward tolook forward to 意思是“期待,盼望”,to是介词,后面接名词或者动名词。 I look forward to being alone in the house. 我盼望能自己一人在这所房子。 We look forward to the return of spring. 我们期待着春天的到来。【拓展】虽然介词to与动词不定式符号to在形式上相同,但用法各异。主要区别归纳如下:(1)介词to表示“向、往、对于 ” 等,既可以指时间、方向、距离、
16、对象或结果,又可以指程度、直接或间接关系,后面必须接名词、代词等构成介词短语。 Japan is to the east of China. 日本在中国的东面。 Lets drink to his health. 让我们为他的健康干杯。 He tied the monkey to the tree. 他把猴子拴在树上。(2)动词不定式符号to无词义,后面必须接动词原形,构成不定式短语。 To play computer games is wrong. 玩电脑游戏是错误的。 My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。 I wish to go there. 我希望去
17、那儿。8. mean(1)mean可以用作及物动词,意为“意欲,计划”。例如: I mean you to spend this money for your daughter. 我是想让你用这笔款为你女儿买些东西的。(2)mean还可以表示“预示”的意思。例如: This snow means no sport this afternoon. 这场雪使今天下午的体育活动搞不成了。(3)mean还可以指“(字、句等)意指,意味”的意思。 A dictionary tells you what words mean. 词典告诉你词语的含义。【拓展】辨析:mean to do, mean doin
18、g;mean to do是“打算,企图”的意思。mean doing是表示“意味着”的意思。例如:I had meant to leave on Sunday. 我本打算周日走。 Missing the train means waiting for another hour.赶不上火车意味着要再等一个小时。四、句式讲解1. Could you please?Could you please 后接动词原形,意为“请你好吗?”是表示委婉且礼貌的请求,其否定形式是Could you please not 后接动词原形,意为“请你不要好吗?”。 Could you please help me cl
19、ean the room? 请你帮我打扫房间好吗? Could you please not smoke here? 请你不要在这抽烟好吗?肯定回答:Sure./ Certainly./Of course./No problem./Yes, please.等。否定回答:Sorry,I cant. I have to/ Id love to, but I have to.否定回答要礼貌地说明理由。注意:Could you?句型的回答中,回答中不用could,用can。这里could不表示过去时态,只表示语气委婉。【拓展】 表示客气礼貌的请求句型:1) Would you please do st
20、h? 请你做某事好吗?2) Would you like to do sth? 你愿意做某事吗?3) Would you mind doing sth?你介意做某事吗?4) Shall I/we do sth? 让我/我们做某事好吗?5) Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事呢?2. I wonder ifwonder作及物动词,意为“想知道;对感到怀疑”,常见的用法有:(1)后接who, what,why,where 等引导的宾语从句。 I wonder who she is. 我想知道她是谁。 She wondered what the child was doing. 她感到疑
21、惑,孩子究竟在干什么。 I wonder why Ann is late. 我想知道安为什么迟到了。 I wonder where they have gone. 我想知道他们去哪儿了。(2)后接 that 引导的宾语从句,表示“对感到惊讶”, that常可省去。 I wonder (that) she has won the race. 我对她赢了比赛感到惊讶。(3)后接 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句,常用来表示一种委婉的请求或疑问。 She wondered whether you were free that morning. 她想知道你那天上午是否有空。 I wonder
22、if he will succeed. 我不知道他会不会成功。3. Sorry,Im not sure.Im not sure. 意为“我不确定”。sure用作形容词,意为“肯定的,有把握的”,常与be动词连用。(1)be sure to do sth.意为“务必做某事”,表示要求,多用于祈使句;有时还可表示一种推断“肯定做某事”。例如: Be sure to telephone me and give me all the news. 请一定要给我打电话,让我知道所有的消息。 The child is sure to be a teacher. 这孩子一定会成为一名教师。(2) be sur
23、e of / about (doing) sth. 表示人对某事(物)的看法,意为“对有把握”。其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。例如: Are you sure of passing the exam? 你有把握通过考试吗? Im not sure about English grammar. 我对英语语法没有把握。(3)sure用作副词,意为“当然,的确”。常用来回答一般疑问句,相当于yes或certainly。例 如:Are you going with us? 你和我们一起去吗? Sure. 当然啦。4. You dont need to rush!need作实义动词,意为“需要”
24、。常用搭配为need sth.或 need to do sth. , 例如: I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。 You need to see a doctor. 你需要去看医生。 He needs to take a bus. 他需要去搭车。need作情态动词,意为“需要”,后接动词原形。 If she wants anything, she only need ask.她想要什么东西, 只要开口就行了。You neednt finish this work today. 你不必今天完成这项工作。5. We even need to spend time leading
25、in to a request.spend是动词,意为“花费(时间或金钱)”。其过去式为spent。用法如下: spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上例如: I spend two hours in reading every day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。 He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20元买书。【拓展】表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析:sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) d
26、oing sth. /on sth.It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如:I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。 It took me four hours to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。 I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。 My English book cost me fiv
27、e yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。五、语法讲解疑问词引导的宾语从句当一个特殊疑问句充当宾语时,我们应该注意以下三点。一、关联词由原来的疑问词what, who, which, when, where, how, why等作为引导宾语从句的关联词,这些词在宾语从句中充当一定的句子成分,都有各自的含义,不能省略。二、语序疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述句语序。三、主从句的时态主句若是现在时,疑问词引导的宾语从句的时态随句意而确定;主句若是过去时,疑问词引导的宾语从句的时态也用过去的某种时态(宾语从句表示客观真理除外)。如:请将下面的两个简单句合并为含有宾语从句的复合句。Whatis his si
28、ster going to do? I ask Jack.I ask Jackwhathis sister is going to do.Whichschool does he want to go to? Do you know?Do you knowwhichschool he wants to go to?Whendid she arrive in Beijing? I want to know.I want to knowwhenshe arrived in Beijing.Whywill you buy a new house? Frank asked me.Frank asked mewhyI would buy a new house.【温馨提示】如果疑问词在句中作主语或主语的定语,变为宾语从句时语序不变,但时态应作相应变化。如:Whocan answer the question? The teacher asked.The teacher askedwhocould answer the questionWhosebook is on the desk? We want to know.We want to knowwhosebook is on the desk.