1、九年级英语上册unit2知识要点九年级英语上册Unit2 I think that mooncakes are dilicious一、语法要点：（一）宾语从句：宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语We know （that） he likes English.主语 谓语 宾语 1、宾语从句三要素：连接词、语序、时态 连接词：1）that（即陈述句作宾语从句。that在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接主句和从句的作用。that不用翻译出来，在口语中常省略。）The girl said, “I can help him.” The girl said (that) she could help
2、 him.2）if/whether（whether或if在句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但不能省略。翻译成“是否”。 主句 + if / whether + 由一般疑问句变成的陈述句形式。）Li Lei wonders . Is Jim in ? Li Lei wonders if Jim is in.3）who，whose，what，how，which，how many，how much等。（原有的特殊疑问词+句子剩余部分的陈述句形式）He asks me, “What does your father do?” He asks me what my father does.时态：当
3、主句是一般现在时，从句用该用的时态（即从句的时态不受影响） 当主句是一般过去时态，从句必须用过去的某一时态。I dont know when he will come back我不知道他将何时回来。He tells me that his sister came back yesterday他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。The children didnt know who he was孩子们不知道他是谁。He asked his father how it happened他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态
4、都用一般现在时。如：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun老师说地球绕着太阳转。 2、特别强调：if 与whether 的区别(一般情况下可以相互代替，下列情况不可替代)与or not 连用只能用whether I dont know whether he will come or not.介词后只能用whetherThat depends on whether he can come back.后与to do 不定式连用只能用whether He wondered whether to stay here the next wee
5、k.句首只能用whether Whether he will come is not decided.注意：宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, guess 等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式（主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。）I dont think it will rain.我认为不会下雨。We dont believe that he has gone. 我们相信他还没走。（二）感叹句：1、感叹句是表示惊讶、赞美、喜悦、愤怒等情感的句子，通常由what或how引导
6、。常见结构： 1)What a/an形容词可数名词的单数(主语谓语)! What a clever boy he is!他是多么聪明的一个男孩啊！ 2)What形容词可数名词的复数(主语谓语)! What good students you are！你们是多么好的学生啊! 3)What形容词不可数名词(主语谓语)! What fine weather it is today! 今天的天气真好！ 4)How形容词或副词(主语谓语)! How interesting the storyis！这个故事多么有趣啊！How fast the boy runs!那个男孩跑得真快啊！ 5)How主语谓语！
7、(句子) How I miss my mother！我多么想念妈妈啊！2、陈述句改为感叹句常使用“一断二加三换位”的方法： (1)“一断”，即在谓语动词后边断开，把句子分成两部分 She isa beautiful girl. He works hard. (2)“二加”，即如果第二部分的第一个词为形容词、副词，就加上how；如果是名词（词组），就加上what。 She is（what）a beautiful girl. He works (how) hard. (3)“三换位”，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹句。 What a beautiful girl she is!
8、 How hard he works!二、课文知识要点：1、The Dragon Boat Festival in Hong Kong 香港龙舟节in用于较大的地点前，如大城市、国家、洲等。 He lives in Beijing.他住在北京。at/ in /on 表地点的用法： 1)at 一般指较小的地点或较具体的位置 at home at school at the cinema at the door在门口；at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 2)in 表示在较大的地点或一个有限空间里. in China in the classroom 3)on 指在某物体的表面上. on
9、the desk 注意: 写街道时,若有门牌号用at ,否则用on / in 都可. He lives at 270 DongChangan Street. 2、He liked eating out 他喜欢外出就餐 like doing sth 喜欢做某事（表示兴趣爱好） 常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有： enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant help等。Have you finished reading the book? 你读完这本书了
10、吗？ I feel like having a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。3、Ive put on five pounds!我都胖了五磅了！ put on 增加（体重）；发胖；穿上 反义词lose 减肥He has lost en pounds so far. 到目前为止他减了10磅。 wear/put on/dress“穿”用法比较： (1) wear =be in 穿，指穿的状态【延续性动词】 He always wears a black coat with sunglasses. (2) put on 穿 ，指穿的动作【短暂性动词】 Its cold outside. Put
11、 on your coat. (3) dress v 穿，后跟人做宾语。 dress sb. 给某人穿衣服 dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣服Put构成的短语：put away 把收起来 put on 穿上 put up 张贴， put out 熄灭 putinto 把放进 put down 放下 put off 推迟4、Guess what？意思“你知道吗？”、“想不到吧？“、“你猜怎么着？”。这个句子是要告诉人家某件事之前常用的口语。说话者并无意真的教对方去猜，听者也不会真的去伤脑筋。通常对于该句型都是以what？回答。Guess what？ I got through the
12、exam.你猜怎么着？我考试过关了.5、Im going to Chiang Mai in two weeks. in two weeks两周之后 in +一段时间，和将来时连用，表示“在某段时间之后”。Hell be back in two weeks.他两周之后回来。 in+一段时间，和过去时连用，表示“在某段时间之内” I finished my homework in two hours.我两小时之内做完了作业。介词at/ in /on 表示时间的用法：1).at表示某一具体时间点，某一时刻/ 年龄 at six oclock at noon at that time at the m
13、oment at the age of at night2)in表示时间段,一天的三个时间段以及月份,年,季节,世纪,人生的某个时期(某人几十岁时) in the morning/afternoon /evening in spring /in 2007/in March in the twenty-first century in his fifties3) on表示星期几/某一具体的日子/具体某天的上午/下午/晚上,表示一天中的三个时间段名词前有修饰语或后有修饰语时. on Monday on New Years Day on Sunday morning on a rainy night
14、 on the evening of April 1st ,20076、Wow，sounds like fun！句中省略了it形式主语。完整句子：It sounds like fun.sound like 听起来像 It sounds like a rice room. Can we take a look at it?房间听起来不错，我们能看一下房间吗？ Their love story sounds like a fairy tale.他们的爱情故事听起来像童话。感官动词+likefeel like 摸起来像 smell like 闻起来像 look like 看起来像 taste lik
15、e 尝起来像7、But theres a Water Festival from April 13th to 15th. 但在那里，从四月十三日到十五日有一个泼水节。 theres = there is（there be 句型的用法） (1) There be 句型中be与第一个主语保持一致。 There _is_ (be) a teacher and thirty students in the classroom. Do you know there is an o and a u in the word computer?(2) There be 句型的一般将来时结构是：There wi
16、ll be/There is going to be There will be a sports meet in our school next week.(3) There be 句型的反意疑问句，be there There are two libraries in this city, arent there? Yes, there are. /No, there arent. (4) There be sb./sth. doing sth. 有某人或某物正在做某事 There is a man lying under the tree. Cant you see?8、I wonder
17、 if its similar to the water festival of the Dai people in Yunnan Province. 我想知道如果它是类似于水云南傣族的节日。be similar to与类似,与什么一样 反义词组：be different frombe similar to sb 与某人相像Mary is very similar to her sister in appearance（外貌）. Her sweater is similar to my sisters . They are the same color. This is similar to
18、waiting for a bus that never turns up. 这就跟等待一辆永远等不到的公共汽车差不多。9、Chinese people have been celebrating Mid Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries. 中国人赏月欢度中秋已经有几个世纪了。 这句话中用了现在完成进行时，即：have been doing，表示动作从某一时间开始，一直持续到现在。其构成为：have/has been+动词现在分词（v+ing）for centuries意为“数个世纪以来”，相当于 since centur
19、ies ago。 I have been studying English for about six years and I really love it. 我学英语已经大约6年了，我非常喜欢英语。 Im sorry you have been waiting so long, but itll still be some time before Jim gets back. 很抱歉让您等了这么长时间，吉姆还有一会儿才能回来。现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别1. 现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作，而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。如：I have read the book. 我
20、读过这本书。 I have been reading the book. 我一直在读这本书。 【注】有少数动词(如work, study, live, teach, stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性)。如： How long have you worked been working here? 你在这儿工作多久了？ Ive lived been living here since 1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。 2. 现在完成时通常只陈述事实，而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如： I have waited fo
21、r two hours. 我等了两小时。(陈述事实) I have been waiting for two hours. 我等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦) 10、Mooncakes are in the shape of a full moon on mid-autumn night.月饼是中秋之夜满月的形状 。in the shape of以的形式；呈的形状This island is in the shape of a cross. 该岛呈十字形。There was a red mark on his back in the shape of the letter S.他的背上有一个S形的
22、红斑。11、However，most people think that the story of Change is the most touching. touching adj. 令人感动的；感人的 This is the most touching story that I have ever heard.这是我听到过的最动人的故事。 His farewell speech was very touching.他的告别演讲非常感人。 touch v. 触摸、感动、触及、接触 Dont touch the paint until it is dry.油漆未干，请勿触摸。 His sad
23、story touched our hearts.他的悲惨的故事深深打动了我们。 The peak seems to touch the sky.山峰似乎触及了天空。12、Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to drink it with Change. 谁喝了这个就可以永生，后羿就打算和嫦娥一起喝它。 whoever意为“无论谁；不管谁”；在本句中作主语。 Whoever did this will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 不管是谁干的这事
24、，早晚要被抓住并受到惩罚。Whoever wants the book may have it.谁想要这本书都可以拿走。Ill take whoever wants to go.谁要去我就带谁去。13、Change refused to give it to him and drank it all. 嫦娥拒绝给他，自己吞下全部仙药。 refuse =say no to v拒绝 refuse to do sth拒绝去做某事接不定式作宾语的动词:1)三个希望两答应（hope, wish, want, agree, promise） 2)两个要求莫拒绝（demand, ask, refuse） 3
25、)设法学会做决定（manage, learn, decide） 4)不要假装在选择（pretend, choose）14、Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night 后羿伤心不已，每晚对月呼喊她的名字。sothat，意为“如此以致于”，是结果状语从句的引导词。 The river is so clean that we can see the fish in it. 这条河流如此清澈，我们能看到河里的鱼。句型1“主语+谓语+so+形容词/副词+that从句” The wind was so stro
26、ng that we could hardly move forward. 句型2： so +形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 + that从句 It was so hot a day that they all went swimming. 句型3. so + many/ few + 复数名词 + that从句 He has so few friends that he often feels lonely. 句型4： so +much/ little + 不可数名词 + that 从句 I had so little money that I couldnt buy a pen.15、H
27、e quickly laid out her favorite fruits and desserts in the garden . 他很快在花园里摆上了她最喜欢的水果和甜点。v. lay 放置；安放（过去式: laid 过去分词:laid 现在分词:laying 第三人称单数:lays ）lay out 摆开；布置Dont lay out your clothes on the bed. Put them away.不要把衣服都摊在床上，把他们收起来.They laid out the hill as a park.他们把这座小山布置成了一座公园。v. lay 产（卵）；下（蛋）。 A h
28、en laid an egg. 一只母鸡下了一个蛋。单词辨析：lie、lay（这两个词及易混淆，主要是因为两者的意义及它们的过去式和分词形式极易混淆。）lay laid laid“摆、放、下蛋或产卵” 现在分词layinglie lay lain“躺、平放” 现在分词lying lied lied“说谎” 现在分词lyingHe laid the papers on the desk and then went out. 他把文件放在桌上，然后出去了。She lay on the beach all morning. 她整个上午都躺在沙滩上。He lied to me. 他对我撒了谎。16、a
29、dmire v. 欣赏、仰慕通常结构是：admire sb. admire sth. admire sb. for sth.They stopped for a while to admire the scenery.他们停了一会儿来欣赏风景。He was very successful in his business and his friends admired him. 他的事业非常成功，他的朋友都羡慕他。I admire her for her bravery.我钦佩她的勇气。17、One is Mothers Day and the other is Fathers Day. 一个是
30、母亲节,另一个是父亲节。 “One .the other ”句型意为“一个；另一个”。 I have two brothers. One is a doctor, and the other is an engineer. 我有两个哥哥。一个是医生，另外一个是工程师。18、Actually，we dont spend a lot of money.spend “花费” sb spend money/time on sth sb spend money/time （in）doing sth Most students spend too much time playing computer ga
31、mes. I spent $5 on this book.pay/cost/take 花费 pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱（某物花费某人多少钱）I bought a new sweater last weekend. It cost me 120 yuan.take took taken v 花费 It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.19、dress up打扮，装饰 dre
