1、最新高考英语阅读理解做题策略完整版最新高考英语阅读理解做题策略（完整版）第一讲 阅读理解题常见设题点（一）针对特殊句式设题，如定语从句，强调句型，否定转移，部分否定、比较结构等：1. （2013湖北）When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place
2、I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked
3、threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen.At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull character
4、izations I had set down in my diary.（定语从句）What caused a change in the authors understanding of keeping a diary?A. A dull night on the journey.B. The beauty of the great valley.C. A striking quotation from a book.D. Her concerns for future generations.解析：句意为：直到这时，我才懂得在那一刻是写什么都配不上，代替不了的。这一刻我陶醉于山谷那动人美景
5、之中。根据题干关键词 a change 和 understanding of keeping a diary定位本题的解题点在At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley这句话里面。本句的主干是I understood that that引导宾语从句，宾语从句又包含了两个定语从句，分别是：nothing I wrote 是省略了
6、that的定语从句。 the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley也是省略了that的定语从句，还原为I allowed myself the few seconds to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley。所以B The beauty of the great valley正确。2. He helped popularize the term “red tape” to describe situations where
7、people in power use needless amounts of bureaucracy (官僚作风) in a way that particularly hurts the weaker and poorer members of society.（定语从句）According to the article, the phrase “red tape” refers to _.A rules or procedures that are required to accomplish a task B a situation in which poor members of s
8、ociety are hurtC conflict between people in power and weaker people D pointlessly time consuming official procedures解析：由下文where引导的定于从句可知，red tape指代的是定语从句里面的内容，即官方办事时的繁文缛节，所以D项为最佳选项。3. Reuters (路透社) - Robots that can chat, find misplaced glasses, draw airplanes and play with children are attracting t
9、housands of visitors during an exhibition in Tokyo.（定语从句）What kind of robots will be introduced in the following paragraphs?A Robots that can help explore the moonB Robots that can help special people such as the old, the young or the lonely.C Robots that can work in dangerous situation instead of w
10、orkersD Robots that can assist scientists in doing the experiment解析:句意为：在东京展览会上展出的机器人，吸引了成千上万的参观者，它们能与人聊天，能发现放错地方的玻璃杯，能画飞机，也能与孩子玩耍。 本句是一个含定语从句的复合句，句子主干为Robots are attracting thousands of visitors .，that后的定语从句有多个谓语，即chat, find , draw ， and play.，同时后面还跟有一个as引导的原因状语从句。，B项是对文中定从内容的概括性描述，故选B。4. A person
11、can change his way of clothing, way of eating and living but the values in a person always remain unchanged because they are deeply rooted within our hearts, mind, body and soul which we receive from our culture.（状语分隔的定语从句）From this sentence we can see that all are changeable except _.A clothing B l
12、ifestyle C values D good manners解析：句意为：一个人可以改变自己的穿着时尚、饮食方式和生活方式，但从我们文化中获得的价值观总是不变的，因为它们深深地扎根于我们的内心、思想、身体和灵魂中。通过连词but可知，其前后为并列句，重点强调but后的内容；在but后的句子中，the values后的定语从句被because引导的从句隔开，还原后应为. but the values in a person which we receive from our culture always remain unchanged because they are deeply roo
13、ted within . 答案为C。5. Cantonese, a dialect from southern China that has dominated（控制）the Chinatowns of North America for decades, is being rapidly swept aside by Mandarin, the national language of China and the lingua franca（通用语）of most of the latest Chinese immigrants.（含同位语的定语从句）From this part, we c
14、an infer that _.A Cantonese is the only language spoken in North America.B Mandarin has replaced Cantonese in Chinatowns of North America.C The immigrants who speak Mandarin are increasing in North America.D The immigrants who speak Mandarin are changing the North American world.解析：句意为：粤语是源自中国南部地区的一
15、种方言，几十年以来主导着北美地区的唐人街，如今却正被普通话快速取代。普通话是中国的官方语言，也是大部分中国最新移民的通用语言。该句句子主干为Cantonese is being rapidly swept aside by Mandarin ；a dialect from.为Cantonese的同位语，a dialect后面that has dominated.为定语从句；the national language of China.作Mandarin的同位语。根据句子结构的分析和句意，答案为C。6. There is probably nothing more annoying than a
16、 diner receiving or making a call near you when you are in a restaurant. The icy glares you receive should be warning that it is not appreciated. Turn your phone off and use your message service to return calls after you leave. （比较状语从句）According to the passage, the most annoying thing in a restauran
17、t is that _.A you receive icy glaresB a nearby diner is answering a phone callC you have to use the message serviceD you can not return calls until after you leave解析: 本题的解题关键就在于理解词组nothing more . than的准确含义:“没有什么能比得上”, 即“最”, 用比较级表示最高级的意义。原文第一句中说明了最annoying的事件是: receiving or making a call near you, 因此
18、可判定正确答案为B。其他三个选项的内容在原文中也有出现,如果考生没有理解词组nothing more . than是比较级表最高级的意思,就容易受到其他三个选项的干扰，就会做出错误判断。7. Dogs owners didnt lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall -mostly with their dogs and found it worth doing. （比较状语从句；分隔）In the sentence, we can learn th
19、at the researchers reported that _.A people with dogs did more exerciseB dogs lost the same weight as people didC dogs liked exercise much more than people didD people without dogs found it useful doing exercise with dogs解析：句意为：养狗的人并不比不养狗的人体重下降多少，但是，据研究人员说，(他们)能够得到全身心的锻炼 多数和他们的狗一起 而且还发现这很值得（去做）。并列谓语
20、didnt lose any more weight., but, got more exercise overall. and found it worth doing，第一个谓语后有一个省略了的比较状语从句than those without dogs, 在but后还有一个插入成分say researchers，破折号 mostly with their dogs对 got more exercise overall 进行补充说明。选A。8. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial
21、expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian（高加索人）and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral（中性的）.（状语从句）What were the people asked to do in the study?A to m
22、ake a face at each other B to get their faces impressiveC to classify some face pictures D to observe the researchers faces 解析：句意为：这些研究人员通过记录13名西高加索人和13名东亚人的眼部运动研究在面部表情识别方面的文化差异，同时让他们观察有丰富面部表情的图片，并按要求对它们进行分类：高兴，伤心，惊讶，担心，厌恶，生气或漠不关心。本句是含有时间状语的复合句。句子主干为The researchers studied cultural differences，其中by
23、recording the eye movement of .为介词短语，作方式状语；while引导时间状语从句，在while从句中，observed . and put them into categories .为并列谓语；冒号后为categories具体的分类。根据题干要求可知答案选择C。9. The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family，and to be unable to f
24、ind time to relaxthis has become the model of a successful life.（the + 比较级，the + 比较级）According to Paragraph，a successful person is one who is believed to _ .A. be able to work without stress B. be more talented than other peopleC. be more important than anyone else D. be busy working without time to
25、 rest解析：句中含有“The + 比较级，the + 比较级”的结构，还有不定式做主语的结构。句意为：我们越忙，对我们自己而言，而且我们也以为在其他人看来，我们越重要。我们无空帮助朋友，找不到时间照顾家庭，找不到自己放松的时间，这已经成为了成功生活的模式。根据句意故选择D。10. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility o
26、r inability rather than simply blame the person.（rather than）When your colleague brings about a problem, you should _.A find a better way to handle the problemB blame him for his lack of responsibilityC tell him to find the cause of the problemD ask a more able colleague for help解析：句意为“再例如，如果你的同事因缺失
27、责任心或能力不足给你工作造成的问题，应寻找解决缺乏责任心或能力不足问题的办法，而不是简单地去责备这个人。”本句是含if引导的条件状语从句的复合句。在if引导的条件状语从句中on the job作problems的定语，for lack of.为介词短语做原因状语。主句为祈使句find ways of dealing with.，rather than simply blame the person作比较状语，与前面的find ways . 并列,意在强调的是去发现解决问题的方法。故答案为A。11. In foreign countries the relation between the bo
28、ss and the employee is like a master and slave and is purely monetary（金钱的）whereas in Indian culture the relation between the boss and the employee is more like homely relation unlike foreign countries.（whereas）In India the relation between the boss and the employee is like _.A a master and slave B a
29、 teacher and student C a doctor and patient D family members解析：句意为：在外国，老板和雇员的关系就像是主人与奴隶，是纯粹的金钱关系，然而在印度文化里，老板和雇员的关系与外国（那种关系）不同，更像是家庭成员之间的关系。本句是由whereas（然而）引导的一个并列复合句，前主句句子主干为the relation.is like . and is purely monetary。后面主句句子主干为the relation. is more like .，其中unlike foreign countries作比较状语。根据后一句的homel
30、y(家庭地)可知答案为D。12. In the recent comparison of Japanese and American preschool education, 91 percent of Japanese chose group experience as one of their top three reasons while 62 percent of the more individually oriented（强调个性发展的）Americans chose it.（while并列句）More than three-fifths of the American respo
31、ndents believe that preschools should also attach importance to _.A problem solving B group experience C parental guidance D individually oriented development解析: 句中while表示对比，意为“而”，表示日本人的情况与美国人的情况前后相对照；in the recent comparison of .为介词短语作状语；while后的从句中. chose it中的it指代 individually oriented。句意为：在最近一份日本和
32、美国学前教育的比较中发现，91%的日本人选择团体经验作为他们的三大理由之一，而更强调个性发展的美国人则有62%的人选择了它。根据句意和it 指代的内容，答案为D。13. “Walking in circles is therefore not caused by differences in leg length or strength, but more likely the result of increasing uncertainty about where straight ahead is,” said Souman.（notbut句型）What is the probable reason for peoples walking in circles?A differences in leg length.B differences in body strength
