1、pp.408-411 AppendixTable A-1.Compilation of hundred important organic solvents together with their physical constants,arranged by decreasing ET-values as empirical parameter of solvent polarity.No.Solvent NameName in ChineseET(h)bp(C)(1)Water水1100(2)Formamide甲酰胺0.799210.5(3)1,2-Ethanediol乙二醇0.79197.
2、5(4)Methanol甲醇0.76264.5(5)N-Methylformamide甲基甲酰胺0.722180-185(6)Diethylene glycol双乙二醇0.713245.7(7)TriethyIene glycol三乙二醇0.704288(8)2-Methoxyethanol2-甲氧基乙醇0.667124.6(9)Tetraethylene glycol四乙二醇0.664327.3(10)N-Methylacetamide甲基乙酰胺0.657206.7(11)Ethanol乙醇0.65478.3(12)2-Aminoethanol氨基乙醇0.651170.95(13)Aceti
3、c acid乙酸0.648117.9(14)1-Propanol丙醇0.61797.15(15)Benzyl alcohol苄醇0.608205.45(16)1-Butanol丁醇0.602117.7(17)1-Pentanol戊醇0.568138(18)3-Methyl-1-butanol,Isoamyl alcohol异戊醇0.565130.5(19)2-Methyl-1-propanol,Isobutyl alcohol异丁醇0.552107.9(20)2-Propanolm)异丙醇0.54682.2(21)2-Butanol2-丁醇0.50699.5(22)Cyclohexanol环己
4、醇0.5161.1(23)Propylene carbonate碳酸丙二酯0.491241.7(24)2-Pentanol2-戊醇0.488119(25)Nitromethane硝基甲烷0.481101.2(26)3-Pentanol3-戊醇0.463115.3(27)Acetonitrile乙腈0.4681.6(28)Dimethylsulfoxide二甲亚砜0.444189(29)Aniline苯胺0.42184.4(30)SulfoIane环丁砜0.41287.3(dec.)(31)Acetic anhydride乙酸酐0.407140(32)N,N-Dimethyl-formamide
5、二甲基甲酰胺0.404153(33)N,N-Dimethyl-acetamide二甲基乙酰胺0.401166.1(34)Propanenitrile丙腈0.40197.35(35)2-Methyl-2-propanol,t-Butanol叔丁醇0.38982.3(36)1.3-Dimethyl-imidazolidin-2-one,DMEU二甲基乙撑脲0.364225.5(37)1-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one甲基砒咯烷酮0.355202(38)Acetone丙酮0.35556.1(39)1.3-Dimethyl-2-oxo-hexahydropyrimidine,DMPU二甲
6、基亚丙基脲0.352230(40)1,2-Diaminoethane乙二胺0.349116.9(41)Cyanobenzene腈基苯0.333191.1(42)1,2-Dichloroethane1,2-二氯乙烷0.32783.5(43)2-Butanone丁酮,甲乙酮0.32779.6(44)Nitrobenzene硝基苯0.324210.8(45)2-Methyl-2-butanol,t-Pentyl alcohol叔戊醇0.321102(46)2-Pentanone2-戊酮0.321102.3(47)Tetramethylurea四甲基脲0.318175.2(48)Morpholine吗
7、啉0.318128.9(49)Hexamethylphosphoric acid triamide,HMPT六甲基磷酰胺0.315233(50)3-Methyl-2-butanone异戊酮0.31594.2(51)Dichloromethane二氯甲烷0.30939.6(52)Acetophenone苯乙酮0.306202(53)Pyridine吡啶0.302115.25(54)Methyl acetate乙酸甲酯0.28756.9(55)Cyclohexanone环己酮0.281155.65(56)4-Methyl-2-pentanone4-甲基-2-戊酮0.269117.4(57)1,1-
8、Dichloroethane1,1-二氯乙烷0.269573(58)Quinoline喹啉0.269237.1(59)3-Pentanone3-戊酮0.265102(60)Chloroform氯仿0.25961.2(61)3,3-Dimethyl-2-butanone3,3-二甲基-2-丁酮0.256106.3(62)Triethylene glycol dimethyl ether三乙二醇二甲基醚0.253216(63)2,4-Dimethyl-3-pentanone2,4-二甲基-3-戊酮0.247125.25(64)Diethylene glycol dimethyl ether双乙二醇
9、二甲基醚0.244159.8(dec.)(65)1,2-Dimethoxyethane乙二醇二甲基醚0.23184.5(66)Ethyl acetate乙酸乙酯0.22877.1(67)1,2-Dichlorobenzene邻二氯苯0.225180.5(68)2,6-Dimethyl-4-heptanone2,6-二甲基-4-庚酮0.225168.2(69)Diethylene glycol diethyl ether双乙二醇二乙基醚0.21188.9(70)Tetrahydrofuran四氢呋喃0.20766(71)Methoxybenzene苯甲醚0.198153.6(72)Diethyl
10、 carbonate碳酸二乙酯0.194126.8(73)Fluorobenzene氟苯19484.7(74)1,1-Dichloroethene1,1-二氯乙烯0.19431.6(75)Chlorobenzene氯苯0.188131.7(76)Bromobenzene溴苯0.182155.9(77)Ethoxybenzene苯乙醚0.182169.8(78)lodobenzene碘苯0.17188.3(79)1,1,1-Trichloroethane1,1,1-三氯乙烷0.1774.1(80)1,4-Dioxane二噁烷0.164101.3(81)Trichloroethene三氯乙烯0.1
11、687.2(82)t-Butyl methyl ether叔丁基甲醚0.14855.2(83)Piperidine哌啶0.148106.2(84)Diethylamine二乙基胺0.14555.55(85)Diphenyl ether二苯醚0.142258.1(86)Diethylether乙醚0.117344(87)Benzene苯0.111801(88)Di-n-propyl ether二丙醚0.10290.1(89)Toluene甲苯0.099110.6(90)1,4-Dimethylbenzene对二甲苯0.074138.4(91)Di-n-butyl ether二丁醚0.071140
12、.3(92)Carbon disulfide二硫化碳0.06546.2(93)Tetrachloromethane四氯甲烷0.05276.6(94)Triethylamine三乙基胺0.04388.9(95)Tri-n-butylamine三丁基胺0.043214(96)cis-Decahydro-naphthaline顺十氢萘0.015195.8(97)n-Heptane正庚烷0.01298.4(98)n-Hexane正己烷0.00968.7(99)n-Pentane正戊烷0.00936.1(100)Cyclohexane环己烷0.00680.7a The physical constant
13、s were taken from the following references:(1)R.C.Weast and M.J.Astle:CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds.Vol.I and II,CRC Press,Boca Raton/Florida 1985;(2)R C.Weast(ed.):Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,66th edition.CRC Press,Boca Raton/Florida 1985/86;(3)J.A.Riddick,W.B.Bunger,and T.K.Sakan
14、o:Organic Solvents.Physical Properties and Methodrof Purification.4th edition.In A.Weissberger(ed.):Techniques of Chemistry,Vol.II,Wiley-lnterscience,New York 1986:(4)A.L.McClellan:Tables of Experimental Dipole Moments.Freeman.San Francisco.London 1963;(5)A.A.Maryott and E.R.Smith:Table of Dielectri
15、c Constants of Pure Liquids.NBS Circular 514;Washington 1951;(6)Deilsteins Handbook of Organic Chemistry.Springer-Verlag,Berlin;(7)M.Windholz(ed.):The Merck Index.10th edition,Rahway/New Jersey 1983.b C.Reichardt and E.Harbusch-Grnert.Liebigs Ann.Chem 1983,721;C.Laurence,P.Nicolet.M.Lucon,and C.Reic
16、hardt,Bull.Soc Chim Fr 1987,125:ibid.1987,1001;cf.also Table 7-3 in Chapter 7.c Melting point.d Boiling point at 1013 mbar.e Relative permittivity(dielectric constant)for the pure liquid at 25C unless followed by another temperature in parentheses.f Dipole moment in Coulombmeter(10(-30)C m).measured
17、 in benzene,tetrachloromethane,1,4-dioxane.Or n-hexane at 20-30C.1 Debye=3.336x10-30 Cm.g Refractive index at the average D-line of sodium(16969 cm-1)at 20C unless followed by another temperature in parentheses.h Normalised ET-values,derived from the transition energy at 25 C of the long-wavelength
18、absorption of a standard pyridinium-N-phenoxide betaine dye,ET(30);cf.Eqs.(7-27)and(7-29)in Section 7.4 I Y.Marcus and S.Glikberg,Pure Appl.Chem.57.855(1985)(Methanol).k J.F.Coetzee(ed.):Recommended Methods for Purification of Solvents and Tests for Impurities(Acetonitrile,Sulfolane.Propylene carbon
19、ate,Dimethyl sulfoxide,N,N-Dimethylformamide,Hexamethylphosphoric triamide,Pyridine,1.2-Diaminoethane,N-Methylacetamide,and N-Methylpropionamide).Pergamon Press,Oxford 1982.l Y.Marcus,Pure Appl.Chem.57,860(1985)(Ethanol)m Y.Marcus,Pure Appl.Chem.58,1411(1986)(1-Propanol,2-Propanol,1-Butanol).n J.F.C
20、oetzee and T.-H.Chang,Pure Appl.Chem.58,1541(1986)(Nitromethane).o B.J.Barker,J.Rosenfarb,and J.A.Caruso,Angew.Chem.91,560(1979);Angew.Chem.,Int.Ed.Engl.18,503(1979)(DMEU,DMPU,Tetramethylurea).p M.Breant,Bull.Soc.Chim.Fr.197/,725(I-Methylpyrrolidin-2-one).q J.F.Coetzee and T.-H.Chang,Pure Appl.Chem.
21、58,1535(1986)(Acetone).r C.Agarni,Bull.Soc.Chim.Fr./968,1205(1,2-Dimethoxyethane).s J.F.Coetzee and T.-H.Chang,Pure Appl.Chem.57,633(1985)(THF,1,4-Dioxane).t K.M.Kadish and J.E.Anderson,Pure Appl.Chem.59,703(1987)(Benzonitrile,Dichloromethane.1,1-Dichloroethane,1,2-Dichloroethane).mp(C)nD20(g)Er(e)u
22、(f)01.33378.35.92.551.4475111.0(20)11.2-12.61.431837.77.7-97.71.328432.665.7-3.81.4319182.412.9-7.81.447531.69(20)7.7-4.31.455823.69(20)10.0-85.11.402116.936.8-6.21.457719.710.830.61.4253(35)191.3(32)14.2-114.51.361424.555.810.51454537.727.616.71.37196.17(20)5.6-126.21.385620.455.5-15.31.540413.1(20
23、)5.5-88.61.399317.515.8-78.21.4113.95.7-117.21.407215.196.1-1081.395917.936.0-881.377219.925.5-114.71.397116.565.525.151.4648(25)156.2-54.51.421564.9216.51.406413.715.5-28.551.381935.9411.9-751.410413.355.5-43.81.344135.9411.818.51.479346.4513.5-61.58636.71(30)5.028.451.4816(30)43.3(30)16-73.11.3904
24、20.7(19)9.4-60.41.430536.7110.8-201.438437.7812.4Table A-1.Compilation of hundred important organic solvents together with their physical constants,arranged by decreasing ET-values as empirical parameter of solvent polarity.-92.81.365828.86(20)11.725.61.387712.475.58.21.4707(25)37.613.6-24.41.4732.2
25、13.6-94.71.358720.569.0-201.4881(25)36.1214.111.31.456812.96.3-12.751.528225.213.4-35.71.444810.376.1-86.71.378818.51(20)9.25.81.556234.78133.0-8.81.4055.785.7-76.91.390815.38(20)90.0-1.21.4493(25)23.611.7-4.81.45427.425.27.21458829618.5-921.38815.87(30)9.2-94.91.42428.935.219.61.534217.399.8-41.551
26、.510212.917.9-98.051.36146.685.7-32.11.45116.10(20)10.3-84.71.395813.11(20)2.7-971.416410.0(18)6.1-14.851.62738.957.3-391.392317.00(20)9.4-63.51.44594.81(20)3.8-49.81.395213.1(14.5)9.3-451.42247.5-691.399917.2(20)9.1-641.40785.86.6-691.37967.25.7-83.551.37246.026.1-171.55159.937.1-461.41229.91(20)8.
27、9-44.31.41155.7-108.41.40727.585.8-37.51.5174.334.2-431.38372.82(20)3.0-42.21.4684(15)5.424.9-122.61.42474.82(20)4.3-45.61.52485.625.4-30.81.55685.45.2-29.51.50744.22(20)4.5-31.351.624.49(20)4.7-30.41.4387.25(20)5.711.81.42242.211.5-86.41.47733.42(16)2.7-108.61.3694.5(20)4.1-10.51.45255.8(20)4.0-49.
28、81.38463.784.026.91.5763(30)3.69(20)3.9-116.31.35244.23.85.51.50112.270.0-123.21.38053.39(26)4.4-951.49692.381.013.31.49582.27(20)0.0-95.21.39923.08(20)3.9-111.61.62752.64(20)0.0-22.814,6022.230.0-114.71.4012.42(20)2.9-701.4291-2.6-431.4812.20(20)0.0-90.61.38761.92(20)0.0-95.31.37491.880.0-129.71.35
29、751.84(20)0.06.71.42622.02(20)0.0a The physical constants were taken from the following references:(1)R.C.Weast and M.J.Astle:CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds.Vol.I and II,CRC Press,Boca Raton/Florida 1985;(2)R C.Weast(ed.):Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,66th edition.CRC Press,Boca Raton
30、/Florida 1985/86;(3)J.A.Riddick,W.B.Bunger,and T.K.Sakano:Organic Solvents.Physical Properties and Methodrof Purification.4th edition.In A.Weissberger(ed.):Techniques of Chemistry,Vol.II,Wiley-lnterscience,New York 1986:(4)A.L.McClellan:Tables of Experimental Dipole Moments.Freeman.San Francisco.Lon
31、don 1963;(5)A.A.Maryott and E.R.Smith:Table of Dielectric Constants of Pure Liquids.NBS Circular 514;Washington 1951;(6)Deilsteins Handbook of Organic Chemistry.Springer-Verlag,Berlin;(7)M.Windholz(ed.):The Merck Index.10th edition,Rahway/New Jersey 1983.b C.Reichardt and E.Harbusch-Grnert.Liebigs A
32、nn.Chem 1983,721;C.Laurence,P.Nicolet.M.Lucon,and C.Reichardt,Bull.Soc Chim Fr 1987,125:ibid.1987,1001;cf.also Table 7-3 in Chapter 7.e Relative permittivity(dielectric constant)for the pure liquid at 25C unless followed by another temperature in parentheses.f Dipole moment in Coulombmeter(10(-30)C
33、m).measured in benzene,tetrachloromethane,1,4-dioxane.Or n-hexane at 20-30C.1 Debye=3.336x10-30 Cm.g Refractive index at the average D-line of sodium(16969 cm-1)at 20C unless followed by another temperature in parentheses.h Normalised ET-values,derived from the transition energy at 25 C of the long-wavelength absorption of a standard pyridinium-N-phenoxide betaine dye,ET(30);cf.Eqs.(7-27)and(7-29)
