1、考研英语阅读资料考研英语阅读资料考研英语阅读资料 对于英语，我们需要把陌生的单词片语和句型不断的熟悉和熟练，使之成为我们的一种习惯，把它变成我们的第二天性。因此，重复重复再重复，熟练熟练再熟练，是学会英语的不二法门。下面是给大家整理的一些考研英语阅读的学习资料，希望对大家有所帮助。 考研英语阅读经典试题及答案 One of the simplest and best known kinds of crystal is the ionic salt, ofwhich a typical example is sodium chloride, or ordinary table salt. The
2、fundamental components of an ionic salt are ions: atoms or molecules that havebecome electrically charged by gaining or losing one more electrons. In formingsodium chloride, for example, sodium atoms give up an electron (thereby becomingpositively charged) and chlorine atoms gain an electron (thereb
3、y becomingnegatively charged). The ions are attracted to one another by their oppositecharges, and they stack together compactly, like tightly packed spheres. Recently, scientists at Michigan State University created a new kind ofcrystal called an electride. In electrides, the anions (negative ions)
4、 arecompletely replaced by electrons, which are trapped in naturally formed cavitieswithin a framework of regularly stacked cations (positive ions). Electrides arethe first examples of ionic salts in which all these anionic sites are occupiedsolely by electrons. Unlike other types of anions, anionic
5、 electrons do not behave as if theywere simple charged spheres. In particular, because of their low mass and theirtendency to interact with one another over great distances, they cannot be“pinned down” to any one location. Instead, they wander close to and among theatoms lining the cavity and intera
6、ct with electrons in nearby cavities, perhapschanging places with them. The properties of an electride depend largely on the distance between thecavities that hold trapped electrons. When the trapped electrons are far apart,they do not interact strongly, and so behave somewhat like an array of isola
7、tednegative charges. When they are closer together, they begin to displayproperties associated with large ensembles of identical particles. When they arestill closer, the ensemble properties dominate and the electrons “delocalize”:they are no longer tightly bound within individual cavities but are m
8、ore or lessfree to pass through the spaces within the framework of positive ions. By synthesizing electrides from a variety of materials, one can vary thegeometry of the anionic cavities and their relation to the surrounding cations.The resulting properties may make it possible for electrides to bec
9、ome a basisfor economically useful new materials and devices. For instance, because theelectrons in some electrides are very weakly bound, these crystals could beeffective as photosensitive detectors, in which an impinging photon liberates anelectron, resulting in a small electric current. The same
10、weak binding couldalso make electrides useful in solar energy converters and as cathodes inbatteries. One obstacle is the tendency of electrides to decompose throughreaction with air and water. Researchers are seeking ways to increase theirstability. 1. The text is primarily concerned with discussin
11、g A a way to isolate electrons. B the characteristics of a new kind of crystal. C the structure of an ionic salt. D commercial uses for electrides. 2. In the first paragraph, the author is primarily concerned with A introducing a variant on the standard atomic theory. B describing how chlorine atoms
12、 can become negatively charged. C describing some early research at Michigan State University. D providing background for the technical discussion to follow. 3. According to the text, the defining characteristic of an electride iswhich of the following? A Its positive are of particularly low mass. B
13、 Its ions possess identical electrical charges. C It contains a framework of regularly stacked ions. D Its negative ions consist solely of electrons. 4. It can be inferred from the text that anions behaving as “simple chargedspheres” (line 2, paragraph 3) could be expected to A readily lose electron
14、s and become positively charged. B move freely in and out of their cavities. C respond to photons by liberating electrons. D remain fixed relative to their cations. 5. With which of the following statements regarding electrides would theauthor most likely agree? A They have proven themselves to be o
15、f great commercial value. B Their future commercial value is promising but uncertain. C They are interesting but of no practical value. D They have commercial value mainly in solar energy applications. 考研英语真题 Science has long had an uneasy relationship with other aspects of culture.Think of Gallileo
16、s17th-century trial for his rebelling belief before theCatholic Church of poet William Blakes harsh remarks against the mechanisticworldview of Isaac Newton. The schism between science and the humanities has，ifanything，deepened in this century. Until recently，the scientific community was so powerful
17、 that it couldafford to ignore its critics but no longer. As funding for science hasdeclined，scientists have attacked “antiscience” in several books，notably HigherSuperstition，by Paul R.Gross，a biologist at the University of Virginia，andNorman Levitt，a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The De
18、mon-HauntedWorld，by Car Sagan of Cornell University. Defenders of science have also voiced their concerns at meetings such as“The Flight from Science and Reason，”held in New York City in1995，and “Sciencein the Age of(Mis)information，”which assembled last June near Buffalo. Antiscience clearly means
19、different things to different people. Gross andLevitt find fault primarily with sociologists，philosophers and other academicswho have questioned sciences objectivity. Sagan is more concerned with thosewho believe in ghosts，creationism and other phenomena that contradict thescientific worldview. A su
20、rvey of news stories in1996reveals that the antiscience tag has beenattached to many other groups as well，from authorities who advocated theelimination of the last remaining stocks of smallpox virus to Republicans whoadvocated decreased funding for basic research. Few would dispute that the term app
21、lies to the Unabomber，whosemanifesto，published in1995，scorns science and longs for return to apretechnological utopia. But surely that does not mean environmentalistsconcerned about uncontrolled industrial growth are antiscience，as an essay in USNews World Report last May seemed to suggest. The envi
22、ronmentalists，inevitably，respond to such critics. The true enemiesof science，argues Paul Ehrlich of Stanford University，a pioneer of environmentalstudies，are those who question the evidence supporting global warming，thedepletion of the ozone layer and other consequences of industrial growth.Indeed，s
23、ome observers fear that the antiscience epithet is in danger of becomingmeaningless. “The term antiscience can lump together too many，quite differentthings，”notes Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his1993workScience and Anti-Science. “They have in common only one thing that they tend t
24、oannoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.” 考研英语阅读理解精选 法律类 GOING BACK AND GETTING IT RIGHT By almost every measure, Paul Pfingst is an unsentimental prosecutor. Lastweek the San Diego County district attorney said he fully intends to try suspectCharles Andrew Williams, 15, a
25、s an adult for the Santana High School shootings.Even before the tragedy, Pfingst had stood behind the controversial Californialaw that mandates treating murder suspects as young as 14 as adults. So nobody would have wagered that Pfingst would also be the first D.A. inthe U.S. to launch his very own
26、 Innocence Project. Yet last June, Pfingst toldhis attorneys to go back over old murder and rape convictions and see if anyunravel with newly developed DNA-testing tools. In other words, he wanted torevisit past victories-this time playing for the other team. I think peoplemisunderstand being conser
27、vative for being biased, says Pfingst. I considermyself a pragmatic guy, and I have no interest in putting innocent people injail. Around the U.S., flabbergasted defense attorneys and their jailed clientscheered his move. Among prosecutors, however, there was an awkward pause. Afterall, each DNA tes
28、t costs as much as $5,000. Then theres the unspoken risk: ifdozens of innocents turn up, the D.A. will have indicted his shop. But nine months later, no budgets have been busted or prosecutors ousted.Only the rare case merits review. Pfingsts team considers convictions before1993, when the city star
29、ted routine DNA testing. They discard cases if thedefendant has been released. Of the 560 remaining files, they have re-examined200, looking for cases with biological evidence and defendants who still claiminnocence. They have identified three so far. The most compelling involves a manserving 12 yea
30、rs for molesting a girl who was playing in his apartment. Butothers were there at the time. Police found a small drop of saliva on thevictims shirt-too small a sample to test in 1991. Today that spot could free aman. Test results are due any day. Inspired by San Diego, 10 other counties inthe U.S. a
31、re starting DNA audits. By Amanda Ripley ez ncisco sijevic rtwell; Lisa McLaughlin; Joseph Pierro;Josh Tyrangiel and Sora Song 注(1)本文选自Time; 03/19/2001, Vol. 157 Issue 11, p62, 1p, 2c, 3bw 注(2)本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 1. 1.How did Pfingst carry out his own Innocence Project? ABy getting rid of his bias
32、 against the suspects. BBy revisiting the past victories. CBy using the newly developed DNA-testing tools. DBy his cooperation with his attorneys. 2.Which of the following can be an advantage of Innocence Project? ATo help correct the wrong judgments. BTo oust the unqualified prosecutors. CTo make t
33、he prosecutors in an awkward situation. DTo cheer up the defense attorneys and their jailed clients. 3.The expression “flabbergasted”(Line 1, Paragraph 3) most probably means_. Aexcited Bcompetent Cembarrassed Dastounded 4.Why was Pfingst an unsentimental prosecutor? AHe intended to try a fifteen-year old susp
