1、astute=clever at random=not planning attribute=characteristic avid=enthusiastic avid=eager渴望的 B:barrier=obstacle be bound to=be obliged to be consistent with=be compatible with bear in mind=remember being=creature blend=combine blocked=prevented blossom=thrive bold=brave boldly=bravely bombast=hit b
2、reakthrough=sudden advance broad appeal=wide popularity broadly=extensively bulk=main part （the bulk of, 大部分，大多数） bulk=great quantity C:cache=hoard calculate=determine capitalize on=take advantage of carting=transporting cast=sample certainty=exactness chronic=constant claim=maintain 主张 claimed=decl
3、ared cluster=group coalesce=接合 collaborate=cooperate collectively=together collide with=run into complement=supplement completely=totally component=constituent comprehensive=（不要选那个有关理解的那个选项就是了） comprise=include concentrate=center concern=interest conclude=decide condition=characteristic conduct=cont
4、rol configuration=arrangement confronted=faced consequence=result; importance consequence=result consider=think about considerable=large consist of=be made up of consistent=regular constellation=collection constitute=represent contrive=create, invent controlled=strongly structured controversy=disagr
5、eement conversion=change convert into=change to convert=transform convinced=strongly belief convicted=condemned =doomed=sentenced cope=deal core=central idea corroborative=确定的，证实的 counter=oppose countervailing=compensating courageous=brave cover=include creative=inventive critically=crucially crude=
6、tough D:debate=arguedecade=a period of ten years decimate=destroy delicate=dainty demolition=destruction dependable=reliable desert=abandon devise=create devote=dedicate dim=decrease diminishremove, reduce discard=abandon discarded=threw away discern=observe discernible=可辨别的 disoperation=侵害作用 disper
7、se=scatter（驱散） disposition=temperament dissemination=spread distinction=difference distribution=dispersion diversity=variety documented=recorded domestic=home dramatic=striking draw=attract duplicate=copydweller=resident E:eager=enthusiastic earned=acquired elaborate=detailed eliminate=remove embed=
8、implant emerge=arise emergent=developing encompass=include endeavor=attempt, enterprise engage in=participate in=involve engross=absorb enlarge=broaden enlist=obtain enrich=enhance enroll to one=combine enterprising=innovative environment=setting equipped=furnished:erode=diminish erroneous=wrong esc
9、alate=grow，expand estimate=approximate euphoria=extreme happiness euphoric=extremely happy （欣快的） eventually=latter =ultimately=later evident=apparent evolve=develop exacerbate=worsen exceedingly=extremely exert=reflect exhausted=tired expedience=advantage expend=use explicitly=clearly exposure=discl
10、osure extantextinct extant=remaining extant=existing，living extend=reach extent=magnitude=scale=liberal extol=praise extracted=removed extraordinary=exceptional F:familiar=well-known far-reaching=broad fashionable=popular fashioned out of=made from （fashion from/out of/into是固定搭配） ferry=carry fierce=
11、aggressive flake=fragment，segment flexible=adaptable float=stay on the top focal area=center forage for=hunt for=search for forge=create form=were created foster=encourage function=purpose furthermore=in addition to fuse=blend G:gather=collect gauge=measure genre=type give over to=use for（not sure）
12、green hand=unskilled laborer groundless=unfounded grounds=reasons guide=direct H:halt=stop harness=utilize hazardous=dangerous hence=therefore high=tall hinder=interfere with hues=colors I:ignite=set on fire immediate action=instant action immense=large =great immoral=improper impact=influence impet
13、us=stimulus imposing=impressive impression=image improvisation=即席创作 in any case=regardless in fact=actually in the contrary=the opposite side is true in the rule=usual inaccessible=unreachable inconceivable=unimaginable incorporate=include inert=motiveless inevitable=unavoidable infinite=unlimited i
14、nfrastructure=foundation initial=original initiate=start innovation=first develop innumerable=countless instantaneous=immediate intensity=strength intertwine=interweave intrigue=fascinate irreparable （damage）=permanent （not sure） irrupt=ruin isolated=separated J:jeopardy（危险） joined=met ; connected j
15、oint=combination junction=connection juvenile=青少年，幼稚的 K:key = important L:lading=cargo （n.装船, 船货, 装载的货物） landscape=scenery largely=mostly lead to=result in legacy=n.遗赠（物）, 遗产（祖先传下来） legitimacy=authority lethargy=sluggish liberal=extent living=extinct locale=place loot=steal lucrative=profitable M:ma
16、intain=sustain make their way=travel mandatory=required, obligatory manifest=reveal marked=distinguished markedly=significantly massive=enormous match=equal material=physical maturity=adulthood meager=scarce mighty=powerful minute=tiny,small mirror=reflect mobility=movement modest=limit modification
17、=alteration monotonous（单调的, 无变化的）=boring=tedious=tiresome mounting = increasing multiplied=increased multiply= increase multitude=large number mundane=ordinary myriad=numerousN:numerous=very many o:obscure=unclear obvious=evident obviously=clearly, apparently occasion=event offset=balance once=when
18、origin=beginning ornament=decorative output=result outrageous=shocking overall=total oversee=supervise owe to （应把归功于） =because of own to=because of P:pack together=cluster （not sure） paradoxical=seemingly contradictory patch of=area of patch=area（文中选） patron=consumer peculiar=strange penetrate=enter
19、 perforate=pierce穿孔 periodically=regularly perishable=easy to spoil permit=allow persist=endure pervasive=widespread pioneer=initiate （先驱，倡导者） pioneer=introduce play （an important part）=perform （engage） play a role（part）=perform work plumage=feather羽毛 poorly=badly pore=hole posited=proposed potentia
20、l=possibility practiced=熟练 pragmatic=practical precede=come before precious=valuable precise=accurate precision=accuracy predominant=primary preeminent=卓越的 preliminary=initial premise=assumption prerequisite=something required preserve=retain preserve=protect press=newspapers press=news（文中选） primari
21、ly=mainly primitive=early principle=concept print=painting prized=valued procure=obtain professional=specialized profound=significant profusely=abundantly programmed=determined prominently=noticeably promoted=furthered propel=push proper=correct =suitable property=characteristic property=quality pro
22、ponent=supporter protrude=stick out provided=if R:radical=fundamentalradically=extremely rancid=unpleasant odor range=vary rare=unusual rather=instead，some degree readily=easily realm=area reap=obtain reassemble=gather refine=improve reflection=indication release=free releasing=freeing relevant=appl
23、icable relieve=reduce relinquish=abandon remarkable=notable remnant=remaining render=make =produce =represent rendered=made replenish=put back （save） replenishing添置，补充 reproduced=copied require=stipulate=take resist=endurerespond=react restricted=limited revolutionized=changed dramaticallyright=corr
24、ect rigidly=strictly rigorous=harsh ritual=ceremony rival=compete with rooted in=based on rotate=turn rudimentary=basic, undeveloped ruinous=destructive S:sank=descended satisfy=fulfill save for=except for scant=minimal scarce=infrequent scatter=分散 scatter=distribute=disperse scope =extent scour=sea
25、rch scrutiny=examining seemingly= seething=overflowing seething=active seething=excited segment=part segment=portion=part seize=take seldom=infrequently sequent=later serene=calm severe=extreme shield=protect shift=change shift=remove shifting=moving shipment=cargo shrinkspread significant=from important part significant=from important part significantly=markedly, remarkably simulated=artificial simulated=a
