1、It is about 10%to 20%to their bills.Who depends largely on tips?Waiters and waitresses depend largely on tips.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,A tip is a small gift of money for service,usually in addition to payment due.Originally,it was used to insure prompt service or
2、 to speed service.But nowadays,it is a common practice for most American and European hotels and restaurants to add a service charge of about 10%to 20%to their bills,and many guests feel impelled to tip above this.On the other hand,many waiters and waitresses depend largely on tips for their livelih
3、ood.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,William ShakespeareWilliam Shakespeare（1564-1616）was an English playwright and poet,recognized in much of the world as the greatest of all dramatists.His style:His plays communicate a profound knowledge of the sources of human behavio
4、r,revealed through portrayals of a wide variety of characters.His use of poetry within his plays to express thedeepest levels of human motivation in various situations is considered one of the greatest accomplishments in literary history.His famous plays:Romeo and JulietMuch Ado About NothingA Midsu
5、mmer Nights Dream The Merchant of Venice HamletMacbeth,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Mark TwainMark Twain（1835-1910）is the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,a great American writer and humorist.His style:His best work is characterized by broad,often irreverent humor
6、 or biting social satire.Twains writing is also known for realism of place and language,memorable characters,and hatred of hypocrisy（伪善）and oppression（压迫）.His famous work:The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn（1885）The book is the story of the title character,known as Huck,a boy who flees his father by
7、rafting down the Mississippi River with a runaway slave,Jim.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Behavior and Behavioral SciencesDirections:Listen to the passage about behavior and behavioral sciences and fill in the missing words.Behavior is anything that a living creature
8、does.With human beings the word often refers to acts that other persons can observe if they happen to be present.Actually,all responsesand ways of acting are behavior.These include a persons thoughtse,motions,feelings,needs,and the responses of his muscles and glands.Behavior sciences deal with the
9、subject of humanactions,especially those actions that develop out of interpersonal relations,usually including the fields of sociology,social and cultural anthropology,educationand psychology.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Warm-up QuestionsWhat did your parents do when
10、 you made a mistake?And how about the teacher?What kind of feeling do you have when you are praised?How do you feelwhen you are blamed?Do you often praise people or criticize them?How do Chinese usually do with praise?（=“Its nothing.”“Dont mention it.”Or other words to conceal our actual happy feeli
11、ngs in order to show our modesty.）Do you think that punishment is the way to make a child learn?,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Part Division of the TextTrue or FalseFurther Understanding,Questions and Answers Role-playDictation Blank FillingReport Completion Reading Co
12、mprehensionDiscussion,For Part 1,For Part 2For Part 3,For Part 4,Before Reading,Global ReadingDetailed Reading,After Reading,Part Division of the Text,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,True or FalseThe author had decided to quit her job but a few words of praise from a cus
13、tomer changed her mind.（T）We are reluctant to criticize but eager to praise other people.（F）According to the author,we are often eager to criticize but reluctant to praise other people.One of the authors friends is good at languages and this ability has enabled her to make friends with foreigners.（F
14、）She is not much of a linguist.According to the author,people often feel embarrassed when they hear compliments.（T）,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Of all people,housewives need praise the most.（T）Mothers need to be told that for children an ounce of praise is worth a po
15、und of scolding.（F）They know that instinctively.Through experiments it has been learned that a person tends to repeat his behavior if such behavior is rewarded.（T）In most schools,students who fail to get praise are the ones who need it the most.（T）,Before Reading,Global ReadingDetailed Reading,After
16、 Reading,Questions and AnswersHow did the writer feel at the end of her first day as waitress in a restaurant?How did she feel when the father with several children had changed the ice-cream order a dozen times?How come her exhaustion vanished all of a sudden?,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed
17、Reading,After Reading,Role-playCharacters:waiters,a family,a managerTask:order in a restaurant,give tips and ask for feeling,Tips,Complimenting:You really look great today!What a wonderful house you have!That is not a bad bike youve got!I really like your hair style/dress!The meal,especially the dum
18、pling,is delicious!,Role-play,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Tips,Responses:Thanks.I am glad you like it too.I am very glad you think so.Thank you.Its so nice of you to say so.You are flattering me./I am flattered.Thank you.Its really nothing special.Wrong Responses:No,
19、no,its nothing.Its not so good.You cannot say so.Dont say that.Welcome.Its my duty.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed ReadingAfter Reading,DictationListen to the following paragraph and then fill in the missing words.Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit;we cant flower and grow without it
20、.And yet,while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism,we are somehowreluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Blank FillingAccording to the author,unexciting and routine jobs that gener
21、ally go,gas-station wor,k,unnoticed are cleaning,laundry,paper-deliver,y house-keeping.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Report CompletionDirections:You are required to read Line 71 to Line 83 and then complete the following report of the experiment made by behavioral sci
22、entists.Purpose:To prove that any human being tends to repeat an act which has been immediately followed by a pleasant result.Objects of experiment:School children.Process:Children are divided into three groups.One group was consistently praised for its previous performance;another group was critici
23、zed;the third was ignored.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Results:Those who were praised improved dramatically.Those who were criticized improved some.Those who were ignored hardly improved at all.Conclusion:Brightest children were helped just as much by criticism as by
24、 praise,but the less able children reacted badly to criticism,needed praise most.Unexpected findings:The less able children in most schools fail to get the pat on the back.,2.According to the writer,who should be given particular praise?,Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed Reading,After Reading,The
25、 more a person does,the more praise he will receive.People usually give more praise to those whose work is not hard and dirty.Paper boys get most of the praise from customers.Paper boys dont know how to accept compliments gracefully.,KEY,KEY,Reading ComprehensionGo over Part 3 again and complete the
26、 multiple choices.1.What can you infer from Line 35 to Line 43?,A film star.An artist.A housewife.A cook.,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,What can you learn from the dialogue between the writer and her daughter?KEYa.It is better to scold the children than to praise them.
27、Parents should never scold their children.Parents dont know how to make children play peacefully at home.It does their children more good to praise than to scold them.According to this part,teacher should.KEYa.ask students to leave margins for praisegive students favorable comments over their previo
28、us workalways know that students are eager to be praisedalways ask students to hand in something above their usual standard,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,5.The authors attitude about praise is.,positivenegativedoubtfulcritical,KEY,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed
29、 Reading,After Reading,DiscussionDo you agree with the authors opinion that we should be alert to the small excellence around us and comment on them?Why or why not?,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Are we too quick to blame and slow to praise?It seems we are.,Before Readi
30、ng,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,PROFITS OF PRAISE,Janet GrahamIt was the end of my exhausting first day as waitress in a busy New York restaurant.My cap had gone awry,my apron was stained,my feet ached.The loaded trays I carried felt heavier and heavier.Weary and discouraged,I didnt
31、 seem able to do anything right.As I made out a complicated check for a family with several children who had changed their ice-cream order a dozen times,I was ready to quit.Then the father smiled at me as he handed me my tip.“Well done,”he said.“Youve looked after us really well.”,Before Reading,Global Reading,Detailed Reading,After Reading,Suddenly my tiredness van
