1、版高考英语大一轮复习备考人教全国版讲义Book 3.核心必记单词1.diet n.日常饮食；vi.节食2.balance vt.平衡；权衡；n.天平；平衡；余额balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的3.lie n.谎话；谎言；vi.说谎4.weakness n.缺点；虚弱；弱点5.strength n.强项；长处；力量strengthen v.加强6.consult vt.咨询；请教；商量consultant n.顾问；咨询者7.debt n.债；债务8.limit vt.限制；限定；n.界限；限度limited adj.有限的limitation n.界限；限制9.benefit n.利益
2、；好处；vt.& vi.有益于；有助于；受益beneficial adj.有益的bine vt.& vi.(使)联合；(使)结合combination n.结合(体).阅读识记单词11.fry vt.& vi.油煎；油炸12.slim vi.变细；减肥；adj.苗条的；纤细的13.curiosity n.好奇心curious adj.好奇的14.raw adj.生的；未加工的15.customer n.顾客；消费者16.discount n.折扣17.poisonous adj.有毒的poison n.毒；毒物18.glare vi.怒目而视；闪耀；n.怒视；炫目的光19.spy vt.& v
3、i.窥探；秘密监视；n.间谍；侦探20.cooperation n.合作；协作cooperate v.合作语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1.The magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers have a balanced(balance) take on life.(2017北京)2.He helped me identify my weaknesses(weak) and my strengths.3.The publication of Great Expectations，whic
4、h was both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened(strength) Dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏)4.Living in a flat is all right，but it has its limitations(limit)for example，you dont have your own garden.5.The improvement in sales figures had a beneficial(benefit) influence on the c
5、ompany as a whole.6.The meeting discussed how to promote cooperation(cooperate) between the two countries.7.He gave in to curiosity(curious) and opened the letter addressed to his sister.8.She was bitten on the ankle by a poisonous(poison) snake.1.ought to应当；应该2.lose weight体重减轻；减肥3.get away with受到从轻
6、发落；(做坏事)不受惩罚4.tell a lie说谎5.win.back赢回；重新获得6.earn ones living谋生7.in debt欠债8.glare at怒目而视9.spy on暗中监视；侦查10.cut down削减；删节11.before long不久以后12.put on weight增加体重语境活用用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1.Before long our family moved.We had to give the pet away and let others look after it.2.The doctor told him to cut down his
7、 consumption of fat.3.Since the dancers have to pay the high cost of clothing out of their own pockets，they are often heavily in debt.4.His father sent him to Hainan to see if he could earn his living there.5.Jim got away with cheating in the physics test，while Mike was scolded.6.He was charged with
8、 spying on British military bases.1.与“购物”相关的词一览(1)customer顾客(2)consumer消费者(3)discount打折(4)payment支付(5)promotion促销2.以ed结尾的常见形容词集锦(1)balanced平衡的(2)limited有限的(3)learned博学的(4)devoted挚爱的(5)experienced有经验的3.以cial结尾的形容词荟萃(1)beneficial有益的(2)official官方的(3)financial财政的(4)racial种族的(5)artificial人造的4.与“减肥”有关的短语(
9、1)lose weight减肥 (2)put on weight体重增加(3)be/go on a diet节食5.“不久”家族(1)before long不久以后(2)shortly after不久后(3)soon after不久之后；稍后(4)by and by不久；马上1.否定词与比较级连用表达最高级意义“Nothing could be better，” he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好(吃)的了。”2.cant/wont have sb.doing sth.不允许某人做He could not have Yong Hui getting away with tellin
10、g people lies!他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们却不受惩罚！3.neither.nor.既不也不“According to my research，neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet，” explained Wang Peng.王鹏解释道：“根据我的研究，你我两家所提供的都不是平衡膳食。”句式仿写1.就我个人而言，努力学习最重要。As far as Im concerned，nothing is more important than studying hard.2.我不允许你用这样的方式跟你父母说话。I wont
11、have you speaking to your parents in this way.3.他既不如我苗条也不如我健康。He was neither as slim nor as healthy as I was.balance n.平衡；天平；余额vt.平衡；权衡；使相等拓展词：balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的(1)on balance总的说来keep/lose (ones) balance保持/失去平衡off balance失去平衡；不知所措(2)balance.against权衡，比较(1)Rich countries gain more from powerful Nios
12、，on balance，than they lose.总的说来，富裕国家从强大的厄尔尼诺现象中得到的要比失去的多。(2016江苏)(2)Before making the final decision，youd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.在作出最后决定之前，你最好权衡利弊。(3)A balanced(balance) diet provides nutrition for your body.均衡的饮食为你的身体提供营养。熟词生义写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思(4)My bank balance isnt goo
13、d.余额；结余图解助记 拓展词：strengthen v.加强strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点build up ones strength强身健体(1)One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen(strength) new memories.一个想法是睡眠帮助我们巩固新的记忆。(2017北京)(2)Its important to know your own strengths and weaknesses.了解自己的优缺点很重要。 拓展词：consultant n.顾问consult a dictionary查字典consu
14、lt sb.请教某人consult with sb.about/on sth.就某事与某人商量(1)I consulted with a physician，I hired a fitness coach，and I began to eat small and healthy meals.我咨询内科医生，雇用健身教练，开始吃少量而有益健康的食物。(2017天津)(2)Im a 34yearold man，married，live in a nice house，and have a successful career as an educational consultant(consult)
15、.我34岁，已婚，住在一所漂亮的房子里，是一名事业成功的教育顾问。(2016天津)图解助记易错点拨consult用作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，是及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟with sb.，意为“和某人商量”。limit n.界限；限度vt.限制；限定拓展词：limited adj.有限的(1)set a limit to/on限制beyond the limit超过限度within the limits of限定在范围内There is a/no limit to.是有限的/无限的。(2)limit.to.把限定在范围内(3)be limited to受限于(1)We m
16、ust set a limit to/on the expense of the trip.我们必须对旅游费用定一个限额。(2)Our funds were limited(limit)，and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.我们的资金有限，在我们价格范围内的房子看起来都不令人满意。(2015天津) (3)Is there any limit to the amount of time we have?我们的时间有没有限制？易错点拨当谈论某公司为有限公司时，limited像一般形容词一样，用作前置定语(不缩略
17、为Ltd)：This is a limited company.这是一个股份有限公司。但若用于公司名称中，则总是后置(可缩略为Ltd)：Weve just signed an agreement with Carsons Ltd.我们刚刚与卡森斯有限公司签订了协议。benefit v.有益于；有助于；受益n.好处；利益；成效拓展词：beneficial adj.有益的(1)benefit sb./sth.对某人/物有益benefit from/by从中受益(2)be of benefit to对有益for ones benefitfor the benefit of sb.为了某人的利益(3)
18、be beneficial to对有益一句多译新规定对所有学生都有好处。(1)The new regulation will be of benefit to all the students.(be of benefit)(2)The new regulation will be beneficial to all the students.(beneficial)(3)All the students will benefit from the new regulation.(benefit from)(4)The new regulation will benefit all the s
19、tudents.(benefit vt.)易错点拨benefit作为及物动词，其宾语总是“受益者”，而不能是所受的“益处”。要表示“受益于某事(物)”，英语习惯上用benefit by/from sth.。 拓展词：combination n.结合；联合；联合体；结合物(1)combine.with/and.把与结合起来combine against联合起来反对(2)in combination with与联合；与共谋(1)This combination(combine) of healing myself and healing the world struck me as the per
20、fect solution.这种治愈自己与治愈世界的结合，在我看来是个完美的解决方法。(2017天津)(2)Oil and water do not combine./Oil does not combine with water.油和水不可调和。(3)Hydrogen combined(combine) with oxygen can form water.氢和氧化合生成水。get away from从脱离；逃脱；摆脱get across解释清楚，使人了解；传达get over克服；恢复get down to开始；着手get round/around/about走动；消息等传开get thr
21、ough完成；接通电话；通过(1)If you cheat in the exam youll never get away with it.考试作弊必予追究。(2)I tried phoning her office，but I couldnt get through.我打电话到她办公室去过，但是没有打通.(3)Word got round/around/about that he had resigned.传言他已辞职。 写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思 (1)He tried to cut down on smoking but failed.减少；削减(2)Cut down the ar
22、ticle so as to make it fit the space available on the paper.删节；删减(3)He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood.砍倒cut in插话cut up切碎；使伤心cut out删除；剪下cut through开辟cut off切断；中止；隔绝(4)He was badly cut up by the death of his son.他因儿子的死极为悲伤。(5)When their children lived far away from them，these old people
23、 felt cut off from the world.当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉是与外界隔离了。(2016浙江)易错点拨表示“减少；削减”时，可用cut down，也可用cut down on。 “Nothing could be better，” he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”nothing could be better意为“没有比这更好的了(这是最好的)”，为否定词和比较级连用表达最高级意义。最高级意义的多种表达法：(1)比较级than(2)否定词so/as形容词(副词)原级as(3)否定词形容词(副词)比较级(than)(4)the形容词(副
24、词)最高级一句多译汤姆是他班上最聪明的学生。(1)Tom is more intelligent than any other student in his class.(2)Tom is more intelligent than any of the other students in his class.(3)Tom is more intelligent than all the other students in his class.(4)Tom is more intelligent than anyone else in his class.(5)No one is as int
25、elligent as Tom in his class.(6)No one is more intelligent than Tom in his class.(7)Tom is the most intelligent student in his class.单句语法填空1.You really ought to make(make) the most of the opportunity，because you wont get a second chance.2.The information about each word in a pocket dictionary is gen
26、erally limited(limit).3.They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our curiosity(curious) about scientific discoveries.4.The firm is working on a new product in combination(combine) with several overseas partners.5.You have to balance the advantages of living in the countryside again
27、st the disadvantages.6.Mother asks me to eat more fruit and vegetables，but she cant have me eating(eat) too much meat.7.To make members of a team perform better，the coach first of all has to know their strengths(strong) and weaknesses.8.Watch Frank，hell cheat if he thinks he can get away with it.9.I
28、 cant go to watch the football match with you tonight for I have an important meeting to attend(attend).10.Some people believe that they cant help putting(put) on weight as they get older.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.Hows your new babysitter?We couldnt ask for a one.All our kids love her so much.2.He is warmhea
29、rted a man that we all like him.3. the doctor，and you will get the full information on the disease. 4.We must limit the expenses what we can afford.5.Several factors combined to our friendship.6.They are working together to benefit from the whole community.7.Employees can buy books a discount.8.Neit
30、her his parents nor he going to China next year.教材与语法填空Wang Peng felt very frustrated 1.when he saw none of his patrons(常客) would eat in his restaurant.In his opinion，nothing could be 2.better(good) than his fried rice，barbecued mutton kebabs，roast pork or his sugary cola.Who won his customers？He followed one of his best 3.friends(friend) into Yong Huis 4.newly(new) opened slimming restaurant and was amazed at the menu there：rice，raw vegetables，fruit and water.It was obvious that Yong Hui was telling lies when promising to make
