1、江苏省普通高校专转本统一考试大学英语2002年江苏省普通高校“专转本”统一考试大学英语本试卷分第I卷（客观题）和第II卷（主观题）两部分。第I卷1页至11页，第II卷12页至14页。两卷满分150分。考试时间120分钟。卷中未注明做大对象的试题为英语类和非英语类学生共同作答的试题，注明作答对象的试题按规定作答。第I卷（共100分）注意事项：1、答第I卷前，考生务必按规定要求填涂答题卡上的姓名、准考证号等项目及卷首和第7页上的姓名；2、用铅笔把答题卡上相应题号中正确答案的标号涂黑。答案不涂在答题卡上，成绩无效。Part I Reading Comprehension （共20小题，每小题2分，共
2、40分）Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:In Washington D.C., 1600 Pennsylvania Aven
3、ue is a very special address. It is the address of the White House, the home of the president of the United States.Originally the White House was gray and was called the Presidential Palace. It was built from 1792 to 1800. at this time, the city of Washington itself was being built; it was to be the
4、 nations new capital city. George Washington, the first president, and Pierre Charles LEnfant, a French engineer, chose the place for the new city. LEnfant then planned they city. The presidents home was an important part of the plan.A contest was held to pick a design for the presidents home. An ar
5、chitect named James Hoban won. He designed a large three-story house of gray stone.President Washington never lived in the President Palace. The first president to live there was John Adams, the second president of the United States, and his wife Mrs. Adams did not really like hew new house. In her
6、letters, she often complained about the cold. Fifty fireplaces were not enough to keep the house warm!In 1812 the United States and Britain went to war. In 1814 the British invaded Washington. Theu burned many buildings, including the Presidential Palace.After the war James Hoban, the original archi
7、tect, partially rebuilt the presidents homes. To cover the marks of the fire, the building was painted white. Before long it became known as the White House. The White House is one of the most popular tourist attractions in the United States. Every year more than 1.5 million visitors go through the
8、five rooms that are open to the public.1. The White House was built in Washington .A. because a French engineer was invited to design itB. because President George Washington liked to live in itC. because the British invaders lived in it in 1812-1814D. because it was to be the nations capital city2.
9、 The Presidential Palace was .A. painted gray and white B. made of gray stoneC. made of white stone D. made very warm in winter3. The presidents home and the city of Washington were .A. built by the American army B. built by the British troopsC. planned by George Washington D. planned by the French4
10、. The original home of the president needed to be rebuilt .A. because John Adams wife did not like itB. because it was cold in winter even with 50 fireplacesC. because it had burned down during the warD. because George Washington was not willing to live in it5. The new presidential home was painted
11、white to .A. cover the marks of fire B. attract tourist from FranceC. to please Mrs. John Adams D. keep it warm in winterPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:There are two kinds of memory: shot-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be remembered at a later
12、time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. However, information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experim
13、ent were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English: beginning, intermediate, and native-speaking students.To begin, the subjects listened to a recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 15-question test to s
14、ee which words they remembered, each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had f
15、our choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally the subjects took a language proficiency test.Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that sound alike; students wit
16、h a higher proficiency made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Hennings results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.6. Henning made the experiment in or
17、der to study .A. how students remember English vocabulary by short-term memoryB. how students learn English vocabularyC. how to develop students ability in EnglishD. how long information in short-term memory is kept7. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Information
18、in short-term memory is different from that in long-term memory.B. Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.C. It is easier to test short-term memory than long-term memory.D. Henning gave a separate test on vocabulary to his students.8. From Hennings result we can see that .A. beginners hav
19、e difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of wordsB. advanced students remember words by their meaningC. it is difficult to remember words that sound alikeD. it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning9. The word “subjects” in the passage means .A. memory B. the theme of listeni
20、ng materialC. a branch of knowledge studied D. the students experimented onPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:The cowboy is the hero of many movies,. He is, even today, a symbol of courage and adventure. But what was the life of the cowboy really like?The cowboys job is c
21、lear from the word cowboy. Cowboy were men who took care of cows and other cattle. The cattle were in the West and in Texas. People in the cities of the East wanted beef these cattle. Trains could take the cattle east. But first the cattle had to get to the trains. Part of the cowboys job was to tak
22、e the cattle hundreds of miles to the railroad town. The trips were called cattle drivers. A cattle drive usually took several months. Cowboys rode for sixteen hours a day. Because they rode so much, each cowboy brought along about eight horses. A cowboy changed horses several times each day.The cow
23、boys had to make sure that cattle arrived safely. Before starting on a drive, the cowboys branded the cattle. They burned a mark on the cattle to show who they belonged to. But these marks didnt stop rustlers, or cattle thieves. Cowboys had to protect the cattle from rustlers. Rustlers made the dang
24、erous trip even more dangerous.Even though their work was very difficult and dangerous, cowboys did not earn much money. They were paid badly. Yet cowboys liked their way of life. They lived in a wild and open country. They lived a life of adventure and freedom.11. A cowboy is a symbol of .A. courag
25、e and adventure B. a hard life and big payC. movies in the past D. cows and other cattle12. The cowboys job was .A. to be a hero in real life B. to be a hero of the movieC. to take care of cattle D. to be a dangerous rustler13. During a cattle driver, cowboys took a group of cows from a wild and ope
26、n country to .A. the West states and Texas B. the cities of the East StatesC. the people who eat beef in cities D. the railroad towns hundred miles away14. On their way of cattle drivers, the cowboys protected the cattle by .A. burning a mark on their cows B. keeping an eye on cattle thievesC. makin
27、g the trip more dangerous D. looking after eight cows each person15. Cowboys enjoyed themselves because .A. they liked their way of life B. they made a lot of moneyC. they had a vary difficult job D. they were heroes in moviesPassage 4(非英语类学生必做)Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:S
28、uccessful innovations have driven many older technologies to extinction and have resulted in higher productivity, greater consumption of energy, increased demand of raw materials, accelerated flow of materials through the economy and increased quantities of metals and other substances in use each pe
29、rson. The history of industrial development abounds with examples.In 1870, horses and mules were the prime source of power on U.S. farms. One horse or mule was required to support four human beings a ratio that remained almost constant for many decades. At that time, had a national commission been a
30、sked to forecast the population for 1970, its answer probably would have depended on whether its consultants were of an economic or technological turn of mind. Had they been “economists”, they would probably have projected the 1970 horses or mule population to be more than 50 million. Had they been
31、“technologists”, they would have recognized that the power of steam had already been harnessed to industry and to learn and ocean transport. They would have recognized further that it would be the prime source of power on the farm. It would have been difficult for them to avoid the conclusion that t
32、he horse and mule population would decline rapidly.16. According to the passage, what supplied most of the power on U.S. farms in 1870?A. Animals B. Humans C. Engines D. Water17. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author as a consequence of new technological developments?A. Older technologies die away. B. The quality of life is Improved.C. Overall productivity increase. D. More raw materials become necessary.18. It can be inferred from the passag
