1、评分姓名学 号安令喆 2009130375 阳晨希 2009130379 叶宇昕 2009130404专业年级2009级 通信工程教师评语：题目：物联网在智能交通中的应用 【Abstract】With the increasing traffic pressure in Shenzhen, the public transportation, as an important part of urban transportation, carries on the responsibilities of relieving the transportation ingestion and rai
2、sing the efficiency of traveling. The level of the development of public transportation not only embodies the image of Shenzhen, but also be related with every citizen.Nowadays, the road network of Shenzhen has formed a net pattern with the several decades of building and improving. Because of the i
3、ncreasing urban population, the constitution of ITS has become the only way to sustain the Shenzhens transportation. The ITS is the orientation of future transportation. It makes the traditional transmutation pattern more intelligent, safe, green and efficient by high technology.The IOT, as an impor
4、tant part of a new generation information technology, connects anything into the internet, exchanges information and communicates according to formed protocol through the RFID ,GPS and other intonation sensing device. With the developing of IOT, there will give impetus to the development and improvi
5、ng of the ITS.Based on previous background, we point out the problems and the weakness of the previous ITS, and then we discuss the significance of intelligent transportation structure which based on the circumstance of IOT.After considering the existed problem, we point out the necessity of lead-in
6、 the IOT into intelligent transportation.【Key Words】 Intelligent Transportation System; Internet of Things; System Architecture; Evaluation.【摘要】在深圳交通压力日益增大的背景下,作为城市交通一个重要组成部分的公共交通自然承载着缓解交通拥堵，提高出行效率的重任。公共交通事业的发达程度不仅仅体现着深圳的城市形象,也和每一位出行的市民息息相关。目前,深圳市道路网络经过几十年的建设和完善,基本形成了网状的道路结构。由于市区人口集聚进一步加剧,智能交通体系建设已成
7、为深圳交通可持续发展的必由之路。智能交通将是未来交通的发展方向,它将通过高科技使传统的交通模式变得更加智能化,更加安全、节能、高效率。物联网作为新一代信息技术的重要组成部分,通过射频识别,全球定位系统等信息感应设备,按照约定的协议,把任何物体与互联网相连,进行信息交换和通信。随着物联网技术的不断发展也为智能交通系统的进一步发展和完善注入了新的动力。在以上研究背景下，我们提出了现有智能交通系统模式所存在的问题与不足，并探讨了研究物联网环境下智能交通系统模型与架构的意义；其次，通过分析现存问题，阐述智能交通系统引入物联网技术的必要性。【关键字】智能交通系统; 物联网; 系统构架; 评估;Catal
8、og1. Introduction 11.1. Background 11.1.1. The socialize of auto development 11.1.2. Constantly increase urbanization process 11.2. The main idea and work of article 12. Internet Of Things 32.1. RFID 32.2. Sensor network technology 42.3. Intelligence technology 42.4. Nanotechnology 43. Intelligence
9、transportation system 53.1. ITS is an integrated system 53.1.1. System of controlling car 53.1.2. Transport monitor system 53.1.3. Carrier vehicle management system 53.1.4. Travel information system 63.2. The three parts of ITS in our country 63.2.1 City intelligent transportation （CIT） 63.2.2 Inter
10、-city intelligent transportation （IIT） 63.2.3city railway intelligent （CRI） system 64. Intelligent transportation structure under IOT 74.1 The network model of ITS under the circumstance of IOT 74.2 The structure of ITS in circumstance of IOT 74.2.1 Sensing layer 84.2.2 Network layer 84.2.3 Applicat
11、ion layer 85. Conclusion 101. Introduction1.1. Background1.1.1. The socialize of auto developmentUp to now, there are about 4 million cars in Shenzhen. Auto society has brought so many problems, such as traffic congestion, traffic accident, energy consumer and environment pollution. Because the grea
12、t depression of economy which caused by traffic jam, even the country such as America and Japan, who has developed road facility, still have to use the manage way of caring both supply and demand instead of the way that just caring the demand of the people, to solve the crucial traffic problems. The
13、se industrial countries whose development are based on the autos support, are aimed to find a way that not only keep the socialization of automobile, but also solve the problem brought by traffic jam. They wish to get the help from modern technology to reach a final goal called” safety, efficiency,
14、environment, keeping energy”. So the concept of ITS has already appeared.1.1.2. Constantly increase urbanization processUrbanization process will lead the development of intelligent transportation system:1） Because of the process of urbanization, the transport facilities between city and city are in
15、 a great need. Up to now, high-speed roads in china only cover the city which has more than 500000 people. The cities that only have about 200000 people, only 60% of them have access to high-speed roads. The more investments have given to increase the density of high-speed road network, the more ITS
16、 will be in need.2） With the increasing of urbanization process and the demand of car, the problems caused by traffic jam become much more seriously. With the help of intelligent transportation, we can let the supplying and demanding go to a balance situation. As we know that different cities have t
17、heir own character. In our country, nearly almost cities structure have a concentration center and then spread to outside. The central business district have large density of population and peoples daily activities are also very frequently happen at there.3） The demanding of city transportation syst
18、em will still increase for many years. Intelligent transportation will welcome a brilliant time during its development in china, which may bring positive result on three aspects-increasing the efficiency of transportation facilities, increasing service quality of transportation system, conservation-
19、minded society transportation system.1.2. The main idea and work of articleThe main target of article is to create the ITS model which under the circumstance of IOT, and make up a whole structure of ITS in new environment. First, sensing and sharing is the basic part of ITS. For example, vehicle inf
20、ormation, cargo information, road situation all can be used in an integrate way. On the whole, in some realm, we can let one unit to guide the whole area, so that we can develop much easier. Because the disturb of technology, we cannot get enough information, the ITS in our country is only concernin
21、g about management of system. In order to guarantee the efficient work of the whole system, the necessary thing to our work is to create the newest sensors to our facilities and collect the information from these sensors easily and smoothly. The development of ITS in our country is point on the solu
22、tion of application, but our technology still weak in communication at terminal part and in information collecting. Based on the situation of nowadays ITS, we state out a model that based on the platform of IOT, so that it can help to share the information sources and let the subsystems work togethe
23、r.2. Internet of ThingsInternet of things （IOT） is a concentrated network which contains five parts of information sensing devices- sensor equipment, RFID equipment, laser monitor, GPS and laser scanner. IOT is aimed to create the connection between the network and things, so that we control the sit
24、uation of the things like identifying the cargo, positioning, tracking, monitoring and triggering the event of the things automatically.As we know that there are two waves that pushed the world information industrial to go forward. They are the creation of computer and the connection of network. Now
25、, the third wave also appears to us. Its the IOT. After the appearing the concept of IOT, it has changed the peoples idea. In the past, we just took the physical facilities and IT facilities into two aspects, in one hand, we mean it the road, airport and architecture, in another hand, we mean it dat
26、e center, personal computer and broadband. Nowadays, the two aspects come together, which means that the cement and chip concentrate together and we just call all of these in a same name- infrastructure. Based on this concept, the world just like a big factory and economical management, production,
27、social management and even individual life are all based on IOT.In 2005, the ITU published a report entitled “internet of things”, its first author, Laura, Srivastava said:” We are now standing at the entrance of a new era of communication, in this day and age, we know the Internet will be undergoin
28、g a fundamental change in the ITU report of Things. Internet is a connecting tool that builds the connection between human and things, it also create connection between different things.” There are four key technologies stated by ITU，tag things RFID, sensor network technology, smart technology nanot
29、echnology and miniature things.2.1. RFIDRFID is a non-contact automatic identification technology, automatic target recognition by the RF signal and access to relevant data. The recognition process can work in a variety of harsh environments and it does not need human to intervene. RFID technology c
30、an identify many tags that which have high speed and it is really easily and quickly to operate them. There are three technologies, RFID, internet and telecommunications, help to track and share the information in world range. Most RFID system consists of 5 parts. Electronic tags, reader, antenna, m
31、iddleware and application software. Now I will make a brief introduction to you about the 5 parts.Electronic tags: the electronic tags was attached at the surface of the things which are used to identify the things, cause it is unique in the world, which means it is impossible to imitate by other.Re
32、ader: read the equipment of the electronic tag information can be designed for handheld or fixed.Antenna: create the connection between the reader and electronic tags.Middleware: a message oriented and can accept requests by the application software side.Application software: to help the user complete the instruction of the reader and middlewares logic set.2.2. Sensor network technology
