1、代词 代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词。一、人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：数单数 复数格主格 宾格 主格宾格 第一人称 Ime weus第二人称youyouyouyou he himthey them 第三人称sheherthey them it it they them 如：He is my friend.他是我的朋友。Its me.是我。二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和
2、名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化见下表。数单数复数人称 第一第二第三第一第二第三人称 人称 人称人称人称人称形容词性myyourhis/her its our your/their物主代词名词性 mine yours his/hers its ours yours/theirs物主代词如： I like his car.我喜欢他的小汽车。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。三、指示代词表示那个、这个、这些、那些等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this，that，these，those等。如： That is a goo
3、d idea.那是个好主意。四、表示我自己、你自己、他自己、我们自己、你们自己和他们自己等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为反身代词。如： She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。解密物主代词A. 读对话Miss Green: What are you doing there, boys and girls?Wendy: Were cleaning our TV room and getting ready for the party.Millie: I see an exercise book there. Is it Beibeis?Paul: Yes, its he
4、rs.Millie: Whose hats are these? Are they yours?Paul: Yes, theyre ours.Miss Green: Shh!Listen!I can hear music. Whose radio is it from?Paul: Its not from mine. Its from Pingings. Hi, Pingping!Is this radio yours?Pingping: No, its not mine. Perhaps its Toms.Miss Green: What about the clothes?Pingping
5、: Theyre Jacks.Miss Green (to Jack): Oh, dear! Are the clothes yours or his?Jack: Its not mine, its his.B. 作分析1. 形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用，只能用在名词之前作定语。例如：Were cleaning our TV room.2. 名词性物主代词相当于“形容词 名词”，能单独使用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或者与of结构连用作后置定语。例如：. theyre ours.各自特点1.在名词前已经有物主代词时，不能再用冠词及指示代词。例如：Were cleaning t
6、he our TV room.(?菖)Were cleaning our TV room.(?菁)2. 形容词性物主代词可以与其它形容词一起修饰名词，但要放在其它形容词之前。例如：This is my new radio.3. 名词性物主代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词要和它所指代的名词的数保持一致。例如：Her shoes are black. Yours are white.4. 汉语中经常省去“你的”、“我的”等物主代词，但在英语中不能省去物主代词。例如：Jeff, put on your coat, please. 杰夫，请穿上大衣。(汉语中省去了“你的”)5. its, his的形容词
7、性物主代词和名词性物主代词是同形的，使用时要根据具体情况进行区分。例如：Its not mine, its his.(his为名词性物主代词)C. 理解填空白Using: mine, ours, yours, his, hers, theirs1. This is my sweater.The sweater is _.2. That is his cap.The cap is _.3. These are their skirts.These skirts are _.4. Those are our coats.Those coats are _.5. These are your shi
8、rts.These shirts are _.6. Those are her trousers.Those trousers are _.D. 代词巧变化1. This is not your bike. It is _(my).2. Where is Tom?_(he) mother is looking for _(he).3. This dress is so beautiful. I like _ (it) colour.4. Is that computer _(you)? No, it not _(my).5. You can speak to _(I). I am _(they
9、) teacher.6. Are these my clothes? No,_(you) are on your bed.7. Is this her car? No, _(she) is over there.8. This is not our class. _(our) is in Building A.A “Cool” is a word with many meanings. Its old meaning is used to express a temperature that is a little bit cold. As the world has changed, the
10、 word has had many different meanings. “Cool” can be used to express feelings of interest in almost anything. When you see a famous car in the street, maybe you will say “Its cool.”You may think, “Hes so cool,” when you see your favourite footballer. We all maximize (扩大) the meaning of “cool”. You c
11、an use it instead of many words such as “new” or “surprising”. Heres an interesting story we can use to show the way the word is used. A teacher asked her students to write about the waterfall (瀑布) they had visited. On one students paper was just the one sentence, “Its so cool”. Maybe he thought it
12、was the best way to show what he saw and felt. But the story also shows a scarcity (缺乏) of words. Without “cool”, some people have no words to show the same meaning. So it is quite important to keep some credibility (可信性). Can you think of many other words that make your life as colourful as the wor
13、d “cool”? I can. And I think they are also very cool. 1. We know that the word “cool” has _. A. only one meaning B. no meanings C. many different meanings D. the same meaning 2. In the passage, the word “express” means“_”. A. see B. show C. know D. feel 3. If you are _ something, you may say, “Its c
14、ool.” A. interested in B. angry about C. afraid of D. unhappy with 4. The writer takes an example to show he is _ the way the word is used. A. pleased with B. strange to C. worried about D. careful with 5. In the passage, the writer suggests (暗示) that the word “cool”_. A. can be used instead of many
15、 words B. usually means something interesting C. can make your life colourful D. may not be as cool as it seems BIf you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not se
16、em to know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that
17、his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame, and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people can t read or write but usually they have better memories
18、? This is because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write them down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: practi
19、se remembering. 1. The main reason for ones poor memory is that his parents have poor memories. 2. If you dont use your arms or legs for some time, they will become strong. 3. A good memory comes from more practice. 4. Some people cant read or write, but they have better memories, because they have
20、saved trouble. 5. The best title of this passage is “How to Have a Good Memory”. C A meteorite (陨石) almost hit an 80-year-old man named Arthur Pettifer in Britain when he was working in his garden. The meteorite was the biggest in the past 26 years in Britain. The meteorite weighed (重量) one kilo, an
21、d might be over four thousand million (百万) years old. “I hear the big noise in the air. I looked up and saw the tops of the trees coming and going,” he said. “I didnt know what it was.” Meteorites are small things from the small planets in space. About 3,500 meteorites may fall on earth every year,
22、but only very few are found. Mr. Pettifers meteorite is the fifth to fall in Britain since the Second World War. Mr. Pettifer is glad. “When you think about it coming from so far away, it really is something strange.” 1. The meteorite was _ Mr Pettifer when it fell down. A. close to B. far from C. h
23、itting D. coming to 2. The meteorite was already _ years old. A. 40,000,000,000 B. 40,000,000 C. 400,000,000 D. 4,000,000,000 3. Mr. Pettifer found the tops of the trees coming and going because _. A. the trees were afraid B. the fast falling meteorite kept the tree tops moving C. it was going to rain D. the moving was made by wind 4. _ people see a meteorite fall although they visit the earth often each year. A. Quite a few B. some C. Few D. Many 5. Mr. Pettifer was _ to see the falling of the meteorite. A. happy B. afraid C. sorry D. angry 6
