1、全国通用版高考英语三轮冲刺提分练话题练第17练科普知识与现代技术科普知识与现代技术基础巩固.单句语法填空1TheInternethasenabledus(know) andunderstandthewholeworldmuchbetter.2However，someofscientificinventionshaveevencausedgreatharmmankind.3Therapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology(bring) aboutgreatchangestohumanlifesofar.4Iwilltellyou(direct) thatscie
2、ntistsarethosewhopromotethesocialprogress.5In18thcentury，the(invent) ofthesteamengineledtothefirstIndustrialRevolution.6Weneedtoacceptthefactthatthesemoderninventionshavebroughtmuch(convenient) tous.7Incontrast，thisconditionjustindicatesthatourlifeisconnectedmoderninventionsclosely.8WhyIsayitnormali
3、sbecauseIbelievethatnothingis(absolute) goodandrightforus.9Exceptforthemoderninventionsoftransport，thereareplentyofotherthings，(include) robots.10Wecandomanythingsthatwedidnthavetheabilitytodointhepastby(use) robots.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethemattractiveandeasie
4、rtoselltothepublic.12Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshareresourcesincludingequipmentsandinformation.13Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages，forexamples，ithassomuchjunkinformationthatbotherusalot.14Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，IfullbelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.15Themoderntransportbene
5、fitsourlife，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeitsothereremanyaccidents.16Actually，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygivetousmuchhelp.17Weliveinanagewhichmoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.18Thenewtechnology，ifapplyingtoricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.
6、19Hethoughtthatthekeytofeedpeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.20Iwanttointroduceoneofthemostinfluentialmoderninventioninourlifethecomputernetwork.话题词汇1advantage n优势2artificial adj.人造的，人工的3negative effect负面影响4breakthrough n突破5surf the Internet上网6explore v探索7convenience n方便8with the deve
7、lopment of.随着的发展9change ones life改变某人的生活10drawback n缺点，不利条件能力提升.阅读理解A(2018辽宁葫芦岛一模)AccordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofCambridgeinEngland，sheepareabletorecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.Thefarmanimals，whoaresocialandhavelargebrains，werepreviouslyknowntobeabletorecognizeoneanother，aswellasfamil
8、iarhumans.However，theirabilitytorecognizehumanfacesfromphotosaloneisnovel.Therecentstudy，theresultsofwhichwerepublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyshowedthatthewoollycreaturescouldbetrainedtorecognizestillimagesofhumanfaces，includingthoseofformerPresidentBarackObamaandactressEmmaWatson.Initially，theshee
9、pweretrainedtoapproachcertainimagesbybeinggivenfoodrewards.Later，theywereabletorecognizetheimagesforwhichtheyhadbeenrewarded.Thesheepcouldevenrecognizeimagesoffacesshownatanangle，thoughtheirabilitytodosodeclinedbyabout15percentthesamerateatwhichahumansabilitytoperformthesametaskdeclines.“Anyonewhoha
10、sspenttimeworkingwithsheepwillknowthattheyareintelligentandindividualanimalswhoareabletorecognizetheirhandlers.”saidProfessorJennyMorton，wholedtheCambridgestudy.“Weveshownwithourstudythatsheephaveadvancedfacerecognitionabilities，closetothoseofhumansandmonkeys.”Recognizingfacesisoneofthemostimportant
11、socialskillsforhumanbeings，andsomedisordersofthebrain，includingHuntingtonsdisease，affectthisability.“Sheeparelonglivedandhavebrainsthataresimilarinsizeandcomplexitytothoseofsomemonkeys.Thatmeanstheycanbeusefulmodelstohelpusunderstanddisordersofthebrain，suchasHuntingtonsdiseasethatdevelopoveralongtim
12、eandaffectcognitive(认知的) abilities.Ourstudygivesusanotherwaytomonitorhowtheseabilitieschange.”Mortonsaid.21Accordingtothenewresearch，whatsunusualaboutsheep?ATheyhavelargebrains.BTheycanrecognizetheirowners.CTheycantellanimalsfromhumans.DTheycanrecognizehumanfacesfromphotographs.22Howdidtheresearcher
13、strainthesheep?ABygivingfoodrewards.BByshowingphotosoffamouspeople.CByguidingthemtofollowtheirhandlers.DByshowingphotosofhumansandmonkeysbyturns.23Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?ASheephaveahigherfacerecognitionabilitythanmonkeys.BThenewdiscoveryisofgreatbenefittothestudyofcognitiveabilitychanges.CT
14、hesheepsfacerecognitionabilitymaypreventsomedisordersofthebrain.DThesheepsfacerecognitionabilitystaysthesamewhenshownphotosatanyangle.24Whatsthebesttitleofthepassage?AAWonderfulScientistBTheLifeofSheepCANewDiscoveryAboutSheepDHowSheepRecognizeEachOtherB(2018四川内江一模)Inrecentyears，carmanufacturers(制造商)
15、 havebeenputunderpressuretoinventavehiclethatisbothcheapertorunandbetterfortheenvironment.Oneofthefirstideasthatcarmanufacturerstriedwastoreplaceengineswhichrunonfossil(化石) fuelswithelectricmotors.Unfortunately，thesevehicleshadseveraldisadvantagesandtheydidntsellverywell.Theproblemswerethatthebatter
16、iesoftheseelectriccarsranoutveryquicklyandtookalongtimetorecharge.However，carmanufacturershaveimprovedtheconcept.Thisiswherethehybridcar，whichhasbothanelectricmotorandatraditionalpetrolengine，comesin.Theelectricmotorneverneedstoberechargedanditismuchbetterfortheplanetthanatraditionalcar.Inahybridcar
17、，theengineiscontrolledbyacomputerwhichdetermineswhetherthecarrunsonpetrol，electricity，orboth.Whenthecarneedsmaximumpower，forexample，ifitisacceleratingorclimbingasteephill，itusesallofitsresources(资源)，butatsteadyspeedsitrunsonlyonpetrol.Whenslowingdownorbreaking，theelectricmotorrechargesitsbatteries.H
18、ybridcarsarebetterfortheenvironmentbecausetheyhaveamuchsmallerenginethanatraditionalcar.Also，hybridcarsonthemarketaremadeusingmaterialssuchasaluminumandcarbonfiber，whichmakesthemextremelylight.Bothofthemmeanthattheyuselesspetrolthannormalcars，sotheyproducelesspollution.Ofcourse，hybridcarsarentperfec
19、t; theystillrunonfossilfuelsandsopollutetheenvironmenttoacertaindegree.However，theymaybethefirststepalongtheroadtocleaner，“greener”cars.Carmanufacturersarealreadyworkingonvehicleswhichrunonhydrogengivingoffharmlesswatervapor.Itlookslikewemightbeheadingintherightdirection.25Whatcanweknowaboutthevehic
20、leswhichranonelectricmotors?ATheymovedveryfast.BTheywereunpopular.CTheirengineswereoftenreplaced.DTheirengineswereexpensive.26Howdoesthecomputerinahybridcarfunction?AItkeepsthecarrunningsteadily.BItdirectsthecartoclimbhills.CItdecideswheretopowerthecar.DItcontrolshowthecarusespower.27Whatdoestheunde
21、rlinedpartrefertoinParagraph5?ACarssmallerengineandspecialmaterials.BElectricmotorandpetrolengine.CHybridcarandhydrogencar.DAluminumandcarbonfiber.28Whatsthebesttitleforthetext?ACarsEngines BCarPollutionCGreenCars DCarsAdvantages.完形填空IwasconfusedwhileIwaseatinglunchinarestauranttheotherday.Iwassitti
22、ngtherelookingatwhatId29andwonderedifanyoneelsecouldseethe30inmymind.Imaboutto31alotoffatandwashitdownwithadietsoda.WhatcanIsay？Imtryingtolosesomeweight.32，Idothingslikethatallthetime，whichisprobablywhythepoundsare33soslowly.Ispendhalfanhouronthetreadmill(跑步机) andI34myselfwithpotatochips.I35thatIwil
23、lnolongereatthemagain，soIjusteatalotatthistime.Imakeitallthewaythroughtheentiredaydoingeverythingabsolutelyright，andthenatbedtime“justonechipwont36it”turnsinto“wheredidthatentirebagofpotatochipsgo？”Ofcourse，I37dowellwithmyweightlossprogram.OnceIputtogethertwofullweeksofeatingproperlyandexercising38.
24、Iwasstartingtofeela(n) 39.Icouldbendovertotiemyshoesmoreeasily.Butjustasitwasabouttobecomea40，Ienteredaperiodoflong，latenightsfilledwith41deadlines.Isatinfrontofmycomputer，eatingsnacksanddrinkingsodastohelpmestay42.Withinafewdays，thehabitofasensibleeatingandexercisingwasa43.Unfortunatebut44，Iwastoot
25、iredtogetonthetreadmill.45，Ihadworktodo，forwhichIneededalltheenergyIcould46.SoIstartedskippingexercisesessions.And47Istarteddoingso，itbecameeasiertoskipthem.Therearealwaysreasonsnottodothethingsthatwereallyshoulddo.Everyreasonisjustanother48.29A.cooked BorderedCdesigned Dintroduced30A.battle Bcompet
26、itionCperformance Dpractice31A.burn BcontainClose Dconsume32A.Surprisingly BHappilyCUnfortunately DHopefully33A.comingoff BpassingawayCtakingoff Dturningaway34A.equip BconnectCpresent Dreward35A.agree BpretendCimagine Ddecide36A.hurt BcountCchange Dsolve37A.always BsometimesCseldom Dnever38A.hardly
27、BinstantlyCregularly Dslightly39A.urge BattractionCdifference Dpain40A.plan BhabitCgame Dhobby41A.original BcommonCinspiring Dtight42A.awake BcalmChealthy Dstrong43A.goal BmemoryCreality Dtrend44A.unbelievable BchangeableCunderstandable Denjoyable45A.Therefore BHoweverCBesides DOtherwise46A.lack Bsa
28、veCshow Dthrow47A.once BbeforeCunless Dthough48A.choice BfaultCcause Dexcuse答案解析.1.toknow2.to3.hasbrought4.directly5.invention6convenience7.with8.absolutely9.including10.using.11.Therobotswillbedesignedtolooklikepeopletomakethemattractiveandeasiertoselltothepublic.12Acomputernetworkallowsuserstoshar
29、eresourcesincludingandinformation.13Butsomeonepointsoutitsdisadvantages，forexamples，ithassomuchjunkinformationthatusalot.14Ifourgovernmentdoitwell，IbelievethattheInternetwillprovidemoreconvenienceforus.15Themoderntransportbenefitsourlife，thoughsomepeoplealsocriticizeitthereremanyaccidents.16Actually
30、，robotsofreallifealsohavedifferentkindsoffunctionsandtheygivetousmuchhelp.17Weliveinanagemoreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.18Thenewtechnology，iftoricegrowing，willhelpincreasethegrainoutput.19Hethoughtthatthekeytopeoplewastohavemorericeandtoproduceitmorequickly.20Iwanttointroduc
31、eoneofthemostinfluentialmoderninourlifethecomputernetwork.21D细节理解题。由第一段中的“sheep are able to recognize human faces from photographs”可知，绵羊的不寻常之处在于它们能够从照片中识别人脸，故选D。22A细节理解题。由第四段首句“Initially，the sheep were trained to approach certain images by being given food rewards.”可知，研究人员通过给绵羊食物奖励来训练绵羊，故选A。23B推理判断题。由最后一段中的“That means they can be useful models to help.Our study gives us another way to monitor how these abilities change.”可以推断出，该项新发现
