1、中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练 3中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换讲练中考英语短暂性动词与延续性动词相互转换对应表短暂性动词延续性动词现在完成时arrive at(in)get to/reach come/go/move to.be in /athave been in /atcome back/go back/returnbe backhave been backcome out/go outbe out have been outbecomebe have beenclosebe closedhave been closedopen(v)be open(adj.)have
2、 been openget upbe uphave been updiebe deadhave been deadleavebe away fromhave been away fromfall asleep/get to sleepbe asleephave been asleep finish/endbe overhave been overmarry/get marriedbe married have been marriedbegin/startbe on have been onborrowkeephave keptbuyhavehave hadput onwearcatch/ge
3、t a coldhave a coldhave had a coldget to knowknowhave knownhave/has gone tohave/has been injoin the league/the Party/the armybe a member/members of; be in have been a member/members of;have been in语法讲解：1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“howlong”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性
4、动词。例：HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeijingtwoyearsago.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?B.Howlong_thetrain_here?2.在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例：Lucy has come back.Theoldmandied4yearsago.= Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.HehasbeenawayfromBeijingfortwoyears.=HeleftBeiji
5、ngtwoyearsago.=ItistwoyearssinceheleftBeijing.=TwoyearshaspassedsinceheleftBeijing.3.非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如：Shehasntboughtanynewclothessincelastyear. Ihaventborrowedthebookforalongtime.巩固习题：1.Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus_for20minutes.A.hasleftB.hadleftC.hasbee
6、nawayD.hadbeenaway2. I_theLeaguefor5yearssofar.A.joinedB.havejoinedC.havebeenin3.Thefactory_sincetheFebruaryof1988.A.hasbeenopenB.hasopenedC.wasopenD.opened4.MaryandRose_friendssincetheymetin2000.A.havemadeB.havebeenC.madeD.havebecome5.Themeeting_foraweeknow.A.hasfinishedB.hasendedC.hasbeenover6.Mis
7、sGao_thisschoolfornearly5years.A.hasbeeninB.hascometoC.hastaught7.Ben_ateacherfor4years.A.hasbeenB.hasbecomeC.wasD.became8.I_homeforaweek.A.havereturnedB.havebeenbackC.returned9.Howlong_he_?A.diedB.has,diedC.has,beendead10.-HowlongcanI_thebook?-Twoweeks.A.borrowB.lendC.getD.keep11.He_thecarforaweek.
8、A.boughtB.hasboughtC.hashad12.-Howlong_you_ill?-Twoweeks.A.didfallB.have,fellC.have,been13.Since2000,he_hishometown.A.hasleftB.hasmovedawayC.hasbeenawayfrom14.Illlendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_itfor2days.A.borrowB.keepC.take15.Thebus_ontheroadfor2hourssofar.A.hasstoppedB.stoppedC.hasbeen16.Tomisillinh
9、ospital.He_acoldforseveraldays.A.isB.catchesC.hascaughtD.hashad17.He_for2hours.A.gotupB.hasgotupC.hasbeenup二、英语书面表达专项训练2为了宣传和弘扬中华优秀传统文化, 某双语杂志将举办征文活动来介绍中国的经典故事, “程门立雪(Stand in the snow to wait for Master Cheng respectfully)”是其中一个选题。请你根据下面的内容提示, 用英语写一篇短文参加此活动。内容提示：1. 杨时去拜见老师程颐一老师在睡觉一杨时在雪地等一老师醒来发现杨时在门
10、口2. 通过介绍这个故事, 发表你的看法或者观点。要求：1. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯：词数：100左右. 2. 不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称、老师和同学的真实姓名。【答案】Long long ago, there was a man called Yangshi. Once he went to visit his teacher, Chengyi. Unfortunately, Mr. Cheng was sleeping in the room. He didnt wake up the teacher. So he stood in front of the gate. At
11、 that moment, there were snowflakes flying over his head and it was very cold. But yangshi still stood in the snow until Mr. Cheng woke up. When the teacher woke up, the snow was very deep. Yangshi was like a snowman standing at the gate. Finally, the teacher was moved deeply.After reading the story
12、, I think we should respect our teacher. We should study hard.【解析】【详解】这是一篇材料作文，主要介绍中国的经典故事, “程门立雪(Stand in the snow to wait for Master Cheng respectfully)”。目的是宣传和弘扬中华优秀传统文化。时态为一般过去时，灵活运用动词的过去式。作文要包含材料上的所有信息，通过介绍这个故事，发表看法或者观点。写作时，避免汉语式英语。注意固定搭配及主谓一致的问题，例如:There was/ were.注意上下文联系紧密，符合逻辑关系，具有条理性。3书面表达亲
13、子关系是目前广受关注的话题。假设你是张华，你正在以“如何与父母更好地相处” 为题进行英语自主课程研究。通过搜集资料，你查找到中国青少年研究中心(CYCRC)近日就中美两国亲子关系进行了问卷调查，结果如下表。请你根据下表选取并整合你认为有用的信息，结合你的实际经历以How to get along well with parents为题写一篇感想。ChinaUSKids often talk to their parents48.1%89%Kids think their parents understand them61%81.4%Kids have different ideas from
14、their parents82.1%76%Kids have different ideas from their parents mostly because ofSchoolwork (65.4%)Pocket money (20%)注意事项：1.内容须根据表格数据和实际经历合理展开；2.要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合情境；3.词数在90个左右，首尾已经在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数；4. 内容必须写在答题卡指定的位置。【答案】How to get along well with parentsMore and more people begin to focus on the parent-
15、child relationship. Heres my understanding of how to get along well with our parents.CYCRC did a survey in the United States and China. The results showed that 48.1% of Chinese children often talk to their parents, far fewer than the Americans. More understanding lies in American parent-child relati
16、onship. I think we should not only talk often but open our heart. For example, when I got low marks in exams, I always talked to my parents. They helped me find the reason and encouraged me. I also shared my secrets and worries with them. A good relationship requires efforts from both parents and ch
17、ildren. As children, getting well with parents is of great importance to us. We should find a proper way to create a healthy parent-child relationship.【解析】【详解】这篇作文要求我们以How to get along well with parents为题，就中国青少年研究中心(CYCRC)近日对中美两国亲子关系问卷调查的结果进行介绍，并结合自己的实际经历，发表自己的感谢。写作前，应仔细审题，观察所给表格，弄清楚表格中每一项的内容以及它的意义。
18、然后结合自己的实际情况，对如何与父母良好相处，发表自己的看法。短文应主要以一般现在时为主，第一人称和第三人称来叙述。写作时应注意：内容应密切结合表格中所给的数据以及自己的实际经历，有叙述，有议论。合理安排各部分内容之间的关系，注意分清结构，表达要有条理。其次应注意英语表达习惯和汉语的不同，不能根据汉语式思维逐词翻译，应从句式的整体结构出发，使用适当的单词、短语和句型表达。句式结构要完整，可以简单句为基础，穿插使用并列句和复合句以及其他复杂句式。同时注意语句之间使用恰当的连接成分，使行文连贯、自然。【点睛】这是一篇优秀的作文，短文作者根据题目要求，介绍了中美两国亲子关系的对比，并结合自己的实际对
19、如何与父母相处，发表了个人看法。短文有以下几个特点：首先文章内容完整，符合题目要求。短文分三段：第一段引出文章的话题parent-child relationship，点明文章主旨Heres my understanding of how to get along well with our parents；第二段对调查结果的第一项内容进行了介绍，并结合自己的经历，讲述了如何与父母相处。这是文章的主体部分，叙述非常详细，内容也很充实，所占篇幅也最大；最后一段作者重申主题，点明了良好亲子关系的重要性。其次短文使用了正确的时态和人称，语法规范，用词准确，语句通顺。句式结构完整，以简单句为主，也使用
20、了宾语从句、状语从句、并列句、非谓语动词等复杂句式和结构。行文连贯、自然，表达流畅。短文中较好的句型有：The results showed that 48.1% of Chinese children often talk to their parents, far fewer than the Americans.、I think we should not only talk often but open our heart.、I also shared my secrets and worries with them. A good relationship requires effo
21、rts from both parents and children、We should find a proper way to create a healthy parent-child relationship.等等。4三年的初中生活即将结束，你一定对初中生活留下了很多美好的回忆。下周五你班要召开毕业班会，请根据下面的英文提示，并适当发挥，以“I remember ”为题，写一篇90词左右的短文，分享你校园生活中的一次活动或经历。要点如下：1. Whats the event? 2. When and where did it happen? 3. How did you feel at
22、 that moment?4. How has the event changed your life? 注意：1.短文需包含以上要点，并适当发挥。2.短文中已给出的部分，不计入总词数。3.短文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名等相关信息。I remember How time flies! My junior school life is coming to an end. 【答案】I rememberHow time flies, my junior school life is coming to an end. I had a lot of memories during the three
23、years study. What impressed me most is the school charity sale. When I was in Grade Eight, our school planned to hold a charity sale to help the children in poor areas. We prepared well for the activity. We made some postcards, bookmarks, and even some kites in our spare time.Finally, the big day ca
24、me. The charity sale was held on our playground. We felt nervous at first, then our teachers came to join us. They encouraged us and gave us some help, so we became happy and excited. Everything went well. Our class got nearly 800 yuan in the end. Then we sent the money to Project Hope to help those
25、 poor children. It was a wonderful and unforgettable experience and Ive learned a lot from the activity. If everyone gives a helping hand to those in need, the world will be much better.【解析】【详解】这篇短文使用了大量的固定句式和短语，为文章增色不少，如come to an end，plan to do，a lot of，hold a charity sale，prepare for，in our spare
26、 time，hold on，at first，come to join us，give us some help，in the end，a lot，in need等。而复杂并列结构It was a wonderful and unforgettable experience and Ive learned a lot from the activity./ We felt nervous at first, then our teachers came to join us.和When I was in Grade Eight, our school planned to hold a cha
27、rity sale to help the children in poor areas./ They encouraged us and gave us some help, so we became happy and excited./ If everyone gives a helping hand to those in need, the world will be much better.等复杂从句结构的运用，丰富了短文内容，使表达多样化，是本文的亮点。在学习中注意总结牢记一些固定句式及短语，写作时就可以适当引用，使文章表达更有逻辑性，也更富有条理。【点睛】书面表达题既不是汉译英
28、，也不是可任意发挥的作文。它要求将所规定的材料内容经整理后展开思维，考查运用所学英语知识准确表达意思的能力。所以，考生不能遗漏要点，要尽量使用自己熟悉的单词、短语和句式，尽可能使用高级词汇和较复杂的句式结构以便得到较高的分数。5假设你是Beth,前段时间曾向英语校刊投送一篇题为My English Teacher Miss Zhang的短诗。近日，又至毕业季，师生们忙着互致临别赠言。为此，编辑部策划开“A Letter to My Teacher”专栏，邀请你以信件的形式重新投稿。短诗如下：My English Teacher Miss ZhangThere is a teacher, Miss Zhang,Who is friendly, patient and helpful.Always encouraging us to try,She leads us to a world of why.We all respect and admire her. 注意事项：1.稿件内容须根据短诗展开合理想象，不得抄写短诗原文：2.要求语句通顺、意思连贯、符合情境。3.词数在70个左右，稿件的首尾已在答题卡上给出，不计入总词数：4.稿件必须写在答题卡指定的位置上。_
