1、beautiful 误Heisabeautifulboy. 正Heisahandsomeboy. 析我们可以讲Sheisabeautifulgirl.Thisisabeautifulpark.但要讲男人的英俊时要用handsome. because 误ThereasonwhyIwaslateisbecauseIwasill. 正ThereasonwhyIwaslateisthatIwasill. 误BecauseitwasSunday,sotheparkwascrowded. 正BecauseitwasSundaytheparkwascrowded. 析这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不
2、同，中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了，而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为所以，而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了，同样用了所以也就不要再用因为一词。例如：Becausewestudyhard,wepassedtheexameasily.或者：westudyhardsowepassedtheexameasily. becausebecauseof because后要接从句，例如：welikephysicsbecausewecanlearnalotofnewideas.而becauseof后要接名词作介词宾语，如：Heisnotatschoolbecauseoftheillne
3、ss. before 误wehavetwohourstokillbeforewewillgohome. 正wehavetwohourstokillbeforewegohome. 析killtime意为消磨时光。英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如：Ifitrainswewillnotgotothepark.误Ididthisworktwodaysbefore. 正Ididthisworktwodaysago. 析用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时，而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时，如：Ihasdonethisworkafewdaysbefore
4、. beforelonglongbefore beforelong是不久之意，例如：IshallgotoAmericabeforelong.而longbefore则是很久很久之意，如：weknewthisteacherlongbeforewesawhim. begin 误Themeetingwillbeginfrommonday. 正Themeetingwillbeginonmonday. 误Thefilmhasbegunfortenminutes. 正Thefilmhasbeenonfortenminutes. 析begin是瞬间动词，所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语，如：Thefi
5、lmhasbegun.这句话是对的，即电影已经开始但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用hasbeenon即上演了10分钟beginstart begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以，且意思并无区别，但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多，如：HowoldwernyouwhenyoufirststartedlearningEnglish?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式，如：Iwasbeginningtogethungry.但如果句子的主语是物而不是人，则多用不定式，如：Theicebegantomelt.Itstartedtogetdarkbeforewegottoschool.当动词是表
6、达某种心理状态时，要用不定式，如：Thestudentbegantounderstandhismistakes. 误Theystudyhardintheclassfromthebeginningtotheend. 正Theystudyhardintheclassfrombeginningtoend. 析frombeginningtoend是习惯用法，即自始至终，不要加冠词，但如单独使用则要加冠词，例如：Atthebeginning,theteachergaveusanexam. behind 误Hemissedtheclassbecausehewasbehindthetime. 正Hemiss
7、edtheclassbecausehewasbehindtime. 析behindtime一短语意为晚了，而behindthetimes意为落后于时代behind是介词同时又是副词，如comeoutfrombehindthedoor.Hesalongwaybehind.Hefellbehindwithhisclassmates. below 误whatsthatbelowthechair. 正whatsthatunderthechair. 析under意为正下方，而below意为比低，或指在下游Thereisafallbelowtheriver.其反义词为over，如：Thereisabigp
8、laneflyingoverthecity.但在下面的例子一表达语中则要用theexamplebelow,而不要用under. beside 误Thestudentsstoodbesidestheteacher. 正Thestudentsstoodbesidetheteacher. 误IstudyEnglishbesidechinese. 正IstudyEnglishbesideschinese. 析beside意为在旁边，而besides是除以外besidebynear beside意为在旁，如：Thereisatalltreebesidetheriver.by多指倚、靠、沿着Sheisst
9、andingbythewindow.near多用来表示两地间距离不远，如：Thereisapostofficenearourschool. better 误youhadbettertodoitathome. 正youhadbetterdoitathome. 误youhadntbetterwakemeupatsix. 正youhadbetternotwakemeupatsix. 析hadbetter在肯定句中为应该作某事，其后加不带to的不定式，而在否定句中应用hadbetter+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为d，如：youdbetternot.又如： Lets gofirst.No
10、,wedbetternot. between 误Amongthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet. 正Betweenthetwotreesthereisaspaceofthefeet. 析两者之间多用between，三者或三者以上之间则用among. 误youmustchoosebetweenthiscluborthatclub. 正youmustchoosebetweenthisclubandthatclub. 析在两个之间作出选择要用betweenand，而不能用betweenor. big 误Therewasabigrainlastnight. 正Therew
11、asaheavyrainlastnight. 析大雨在英语中只能用aheavyrain而不要用abigrain. bit 误Heisabitfool. 正Heisabitofafool. 析abit可以作程度副词，与alittle相同，但它用于名词前应用abitof,而用于形容词前则应用abit，如：Imabittired,而其简答的否定句应为Notabit,又如：-DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?-Notabit. black 误Thechildrenbecameblackafterswimminginthesea. 正Thechildrenbecamesunburnedaf
12、terswimminginthesea. 析因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑，不应用black而应用sunburned,suncolour或dark. 误Thegirlhasblackeyesandblackhair. 正Thegirlhasdarkeyesandblackhair. 析英语中blackeyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。误TheEuropeanslikeredtea. 正TheEuropeanslikeblacktea. 析红茶在英文中应为blacktea.这种惯用法还有：blackandblue；black and white。goblack意为在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗；lookblac
13、k意为情况不妙，前景暗淡Afterthefighthewasblackandblue.onTV,Ilikecolourforsomethingandblack and whiteforothers. body 误Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourbody. 正Goingtobedearlierandgettingupearlierisgoodforyourhealth. 析中文常讲对你身体有利，而英文中则讲对你健康有利。borrow 误mayIlendsomebooksfromthelibrary?正mayIborrowsomeb
14、ooksfromthelibrary?误HowlongcanIborrowit?正HowlongcanIkeepit?析英语中有三个词都可译为借，但意义各不相同如：借入是borrow，其常用句型结构是borrowsomethingfromsomebody，这是个瞬间性动词，不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。Thestudentswanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.借出用lend，即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lendsomebodysomething,或lendsomethingtosomebody.例如：couldyoulendusyourdictionary?
15、或couldyoulendyourdictionarytous?它也是瞬间性动词，也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词，可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用，也可与howlong等疑问词连用，如：youcankeepitforthreedays. born 误IborninShanghai. 正IwasborninShanghai. 误HewasbornfromGreekparents. 正HewasbornofGreekparents. 出身于样的家庭不要作from而要用of，例如：Hewasbornofapoorfamily.both 误Theybotharestudents.
16、正Theyarebothstudents. 误Theyrefusebothtoanswerthisquestion. 正Theybothrefusetoanswerthisquestion. 析both作同位语时，一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。误Iknowhisbothparents. 正Iknowbothhisparents. 误Thebothbrotherswerestudents. 正Boththebrotherswerestudents. 正Bothbrotherswerestudents. 析当both与形容词性物主代词my,his,her等以及定冠词the连用时，都应将这些词
17、置于both之后。另外，在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。误Bothofmyparentsarenotathome. 正Neitherofmyparentsareathome. 误Bothofyouranswersarenotright. 正Neitherofyouranswersisright. 正Bothyouranswersarewrong. 析both不能用于否定句中作主语。表示两者都不时要用neither;但作宾语时both与either则都对，但要注意句意有所不同。Icannotgivebothofthebookstoyou.而Icannotgiveeitherofthebookst
18、oyou. bring 误PleasebringthisdictionarytomrBrown. 正PleasetakethisdictionarytomrBrown. 误Nexttime,pleasetakeyourlittlesisterhere. 正Nexttime,pleasebringyourlittlesisterhere. 析英语中bring是带来，而take是带走还有一个词fetch,表示到某处去把某物取、接回来Pleasefetchthedoctoratonce. business 误myfatherwenttoShanghaiforbusiness. 正myfatherwe
19、nttoShanghaionbusiness. 析onbusiness出差 busy 误Thestudentswereverybusytopreparefortheexam. 正Thestudentswereverybusypreparingfortheexam. 析bebusydoingsomething为忙于作某事误Thestudentswerebusyfortheexam. 正Thestudentswerebusywiththeexam. 析busy直接接名词时应用with. but 误Hecouldnthelpbutrealizingthathewaswrong. 正Hecouldnt
20、helpbutrealizethathewaswrong. 误Shecouldnthelptocrywhenshesawhermother. 正Shecouldnthelpcryingwhenshesawhermother. 析couldnthelp其后应接动名词，表示情不自禁的动作，但couldnthelpbut后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式，所以前一句应译为他才真正认识到他错了。 buy 误Ihaveboughtthisdictionaryforthreeyears. 正Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears. 析buy是截止性动词，它可以有完成时，如：I
21、haveboughtthisdictionary.但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了则要用havehad这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了。by 误Theboyshotthecatbyagun. 正Theboyshotthecatwithagun. 误Hecametoschoolbyataxithismorning. 正Hecametoschoolbytaxithismorning. 析作为某种运输手段来讲，by与名词间不能有冠词，如：bycar,bybike,byair等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词，则应用别的相应的介词，如：我们今天早上是乘他的车来的一句应译为：wec
22、amehereinhiscarthismorning. 与by结合而成的词组很多，常用的有：bytheway顺便说说；byhand手工制作；byoneself独自地；bynomeans决不。ccall llcallatmrBrown. llcallonmrBrown. llcallonmrBrownshome. llcallatmrBrown析作拜访讲时，at后面接访问地点，而on后面接访问的人。 callondropinvisit callon比较正式的为公务的访问，如：wewerecalledonbytheoldstudents.而dropin则是比较随便的走走，顺便拜访，如：Ifyour
23、efree,dropin.而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来，如：myschoolsheadmasterwillvisitAmericanextweek. can 误Ablindmancannotjudgecolours. 正Ablindmancannotjudgecolours. 误Icanntcallforyouatten. 正Ican析can的否定形式应为cannot或cant. 误Itsonlysixoclock.Thatmustntbethepostman. 正Itclock.Thatcan析must用来表示一种肯定的推断，如：Shemusthavesomeproblems.
24、Shekeepscrying.但在否定句中则要用cant，要表示对过去的推测则要用must+have+过去分词的表达法，如：Thelightshavegoneout.Afusemusthaveblown.而对过去的否定推测则多用 cant +have+过去分词Idontthinkhecanhaveheardyou.callagain. 误wecouldnothelptolaughatonce. 正wecouldnothelplaughingatonce. 正wecouldnothelpbutlaughatonce. couldnthelp+动名词表示禁不住做了某事。但couldnothelpb
25、ut与couldnotbut后面要加不带to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：youcouldnotbutrespecthim. canbeableto can与beableto都可以用来表示能力，但can只有现在时与过去时，beableto则可用任何时态，如：Hewillbeabletoteachthechild.但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用beableto，如：Hefinallywasabletojumpover2 10meters.或：Theplanewasabletoflyoverthemountain.但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态，而beableto后面不接不
26、定式的被动态。cancould can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中，只是用could更为礼貌，语气更委婉。couldyoutellusastory?care 误Idontcarecoffee. 正Idontcareforcoffee. 误Takecareforyoursteps. 正Takecareofyoursteps. 析carefor是对某物感兴趣，而careof是关心，要当心某事Shedidntcareforhim.Takecareofwhatyouaredoing. tcarewherewewillgoifitdoesntrain. tcarewherewegoifitdoesn析在itdoesntmatter,Idontcare,Idontmind,及incase引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。vegotafootballincasewehavetimeforagame. change 误Iwanttochangemycamerawiththa
