1、One reason for these decreases in height is the economic situation in the 1980s,said Alexander Moradi of the University of Sussex. The nutritional and health crises that followed the policy of structural adjustment, he says, led to many children and teenagers failing to reach their full potential（潜力
2、）in terms of height. Bentham believes the global trend of increasing height has important implications How tall we are now is strongly influenced by the environment we grew up in,If we give children the best possible start in life now, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.（
3、1）What does the global study tell us about peoples height in the last century? A.The increase in peoples height has been quickening.B.The increase in womens height is bigger than in mens.C.There is a remarkable difference across continents.D.There has been a noticeable increase in most countries.（2）
4、What does Elio Riboli say about taller people?They enjoy an easier life.They tend to live longer.They risk fewer deadly diseases.They have greater expectations in life.（3）What does the underlined word reversed in Paragraph 5 mean?Slowed down.Gone upwards.Changed to the contrary.Come to life again.（4
5、）What does James Bentham suggest we do?Ensure childrens proper nutrition and healthcare.Improve the economic situation of some countries.Watch the global trend of increasing height closely.Attach great importance to environmental protection.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，全球研究调查了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了
6、的结论。全球身高增长的趋势有着重要的影响。我们现在的身高很大程度上受到我们成长环境的影响。如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。作者建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”People have grown taller over the last century, with South Korean women shooting up by more than 20cm on average, and Iranian men gaining 16.5cm. A global study looked at the av
7、erage height of 18-year-olds in 200 countries between 1914 and 2014.“在过去的一个世纪里，人们的身高不断增长，韩国女性的平均身高增加了20厘米以上，伊朗男性的平均身高增加了16.5厘米。一项全球研究调查了1914年至2014年间200个国家18岁青年的平均身高。可知，这项全球研究调查了1914年到2014年200个国家18岁年轻人的平均身高，得出了上个世纪人们平均身高增长了的结论。故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”Being taller is associated with longer life expecta
8、ncy“可知，身材更高的人平均寿命更长。故选B。 （3）考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的”While height increased in Uganda and Niger during the early 20th century“而在20世纪早期，乌干达和尼日尔的身高有所增加；以及”with height decreasing among 18-year-olds.“在18岁的人群中，随着身高的下降。可知，reversed的意思是反转。故选C。 （4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”If we give children the best possible start in life now
9、, they will be healthier and more productive for decades to come.“如果我们现在给孩子们最好的人生开端，他们在未来的几十年里会更健康，更年富力强。可知，他建议我们要确保孩子们的营养和医疗保健。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Have you ever imagined what it would be like to see the world through an animals eyes? F
10、or example, what a chimpanzee sees as it sits at the top of a tree, or a penguins view as it dives into the sea to catch its dinner? These questions are answered in the nature documentary Animals with Cameras, produced by the BBC. The three-part series was first aired in the UK last month. To explor
11、e animal stories told by the animals themselves, the documentarys filmmakers worked with scientists to develop cameras that wild animals could wear.Never before have we seen such high-quality footage （连续镜头）directly from the animals point of view, BBC Nature executive producer Fred Kaufman told PBS.
12、This miniseries greatly expands our comprehension of animal behavior and this camera technology opens up new possibilities for discovering so much more. Indeed, the groundbreaking technology provides a new viewpoint of the animal kingdom. New cameras with enough battery life to shoot for hours at a
13、time were designed to be comfortable enough for animals to wear, according to the documentarys camera designer Chris Watts. The technical challenges didnt stop there. Some animals were very curious about the equipment, with some even fighting each other for the chance to wear a camera. In the case o
14、f chimpanzees, we had to create dummy （仿造的）cameras, so that every chimpanzee could get one, the miniseries wildlife cameraman Gordon Buchanan told Live Science. For animals that were comfortable enough to be with human beings, the cameras could be fitted and removed by hand. But for others, the came
15、ras came off automatically using a timed release and were collected afterward. This meant that the cameras needed to be as tough as possible. To avoid disturbing the animals, scientists who were good at dealing with wildlife came to help by putting the cameras on the animals. The last thing we want
16、to do is cause them distress. the documentarys producer Dan Rees told the BBC. To follow an animal in the first place, there had to be a clear benefit in terms of knowledge about it that might be useful to protecting a species in the future. Their efforts certainly paid off. Footage that captures （捕
17、捉）these rare and exciting glimpses of animals bidden habits is important to scientists, but documentaries like Animals with Cameras also resonate with （引起共鸣）audiences, connecting them with the beauty - and danger - of wildlife in their natural environments, Live Science noted.（1）According to the tex
18、t, Animals with Cameras . A.is a documentary made by wildlife expertsB.presents high-quality footage of animals for the first timeC.shows wildlife from the unique viewpoint of animalsD.mainly records the life of chimpanzees and penguins（2）The case of chimpanzees is used to A.reflect the weakness of
19、the camera technologyB.present how filmmakers put cameras on chimpanzeesC.explain why chimpanzees were attracted by the equipmentD.show how filmmakers dealt with the challenges in shooting（3）To avoid disturbing the animals, filmmakers A.set up a protected area for them to live inB.invited scientists
20、 to help equip them with camerasC.made the cameras look like animals in disguiseD.fitted and removed the cameras by hand（4）The authors attitude toward the documentary can be described as A.changingB.supportiveC.cautiousD.pessimistic【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究人员使用最新的相机技术，让人们从动物的视角看世界
21、。根据第二段中的To explore animal stories told by the animals themselves, the documentarys filmmakers worked with scientists to develop cameras that wild animals could wear.可知研究人员让动物带上相机来拍摄野生动物的世界。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的The technical challenges didnt stop there. Some animals were very curious about the equipment
22、, with some even fighting each other for the chance to wear a camera.可知很多动物对这种相机非常好奇，甚至会为佩戴相机而打斗。这就需要人们把这些相机制造得更加牢固，以便更好地拍摄。第五段最后所列举的猩猩的例子正是为了证明这一点。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的To avoid disturbing the animals, scientists who were good at dealing with wildlife came to help by putting the cameras on the animals
23、.可知为了避免妨碍动物，研究人员邀请科学家帮助他们给动物带上相机。 （4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的Footage that captures（捕 捉）these rare and exciting glimpses of animals bidden habits is important to scientists, but documentaries like Animals with Cameras also resonate with （引起共鸣）audiences, connecting them with the beauty - and danger - of wildli
24、fe in their natural environments可知作者认为这种相机拍摄的连续镜头对于科学研究十分重要，这种纪录片能够引起观众的共鸣，让人们欣赏到美景，也让他们意识到自然环境下野生动物面临的危险。这些说明作者对这一纪录片持支持态度。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Alison Malmon was ending her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania. US, when she got the
25、 news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University; was suffering from mental illness. Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to organize students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus c
26、hapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that todays young people face. What you hear often is just a need to be perfect, said Malmon, and a need to present oneself as perfect. A new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of todays society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called socially-prescribed （社会定向型的） perfectionism increased by a third between 1989 and 2016. Lead researcher Tho
