1、年 级： 2009 级 普 本 姓 名：吴 玲指 导 教 师：孔丽霞2013年 5 月 28 日 Love and Hatred in Wuthering HeightsA ThesisSubmitted in Partial Fulfillment of the RequirementsFor the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in EnglishByWu LingForeign Languages DepartmentHenan Institute of EducationSupervisor: Kong Lixia Signature: _ May, 2013
2、AcknowledgmentsMany people have made invaluable contributions, both directly and indirectly to my research. I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of the thesis. Firstly, I would like to express my warmest gratitude to Professor Kong Lixia, my supervisor,
3、for her instructive suggestions and valuable comments on the writing of this thesis. Secondly, I was indebted to all the teachers in the Henan Institute of Education, who taught and helped me in the past four years. Besides, my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and
4、 great confidence in me all through these days. And I wish to thank all my fellow classmates who gave me help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.At last, I would like to extend my heartfelt gratitude to the author whose words I h
5、ave cited or quoted, and to the scholars upon whose ideas I have freely drawn. 容 摘 要呼啸山庄是一部爱情悲剧，女作家艾米丽勃朗特的唯一一部小说。艾米丽勃朗特在书中集中描写主人公之间的爱恨情仇，其中主要描写的是希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳娜之间的爱与恨。一经问世便遭到无情的指责和彻底的否定，然而，就像逗留在“蒙娜丽莎”嘴角边的微笑，呼啸山庄显示出了一种永久的艺术魅力。经过暴风雨的打击，迎来了热烈的喝彩。许多人认为它是一部哥特式小说，充满可怖与残酷的场景。然而，换一个角度重新审视一下，不难发现它的魅力来源于书中令人惊心动魄的爱
6、恨情仇。呼啸山庄中表达出来的那种狂飙般的爱与恨，这种情感才是人类情感的极致，唯有极致化的情感，性格和经历才能打动我们读者的心弦。书中所描述的是怎样的爱情让人既羡慕又害怕，是怎样的仇恨让人痛恨的同时，又充满惋惜和同情？又是怎样的原因造成了如此悲剧的结局？关键词：呼啸山庄；希斯克利夫；凯瑟琳娜；爱恨情仇AbstractWuthering Heights is not a pretty love story and is the only novel of authoress Emily Bronte. Most parts of this work written by Emily Bronte
7、are devoted to the description of the mixed love and hatred among characters, and the most impressive emotions are the love and hatred between Heathcliff and Catherine. Upon its first appearance of the novel and for some years afterwards, it was much neglected and regarded as excessively morbid and
8、violent. However, it also demonstrates an everlasting artistic charm like the smile staying on the Mona Lisas corners of mouth. Through the attack of storm, Wuthering Heights gains a warm applause. Many people treat it as a Gothic Novel, which is full of horrible and cruel scenes. However, if we rev
9、iew it from another point of view, its easy for us to find that its charming is due to a thrilling love and hatred. The surge of love and hatred in Wuthering Heights are the perfection of human emotions, and only those kinds of emotion, disposition and experience can move we readers hearts. Which ki
10、nd of love on earth it is in the work that makes people envy with fears? And which kind of hatred it is that makes people hate and at the same time feel sorry and sympathy? And whats the reasons of such kind of the tragedy?Key words:Wuthering Heights;Heathcliff; Catherine; love and hatredContentsAbs
11、tract in ChineseAbstract in English1.Introduction12. The Love Between Heathcliff and Catherine 3 2.1 Childhood 32.2 Adulthood52.3 Reasons for the Change62.3.1 Social Pressure62.3.2 Catherines True Nature 73. Hatred of Heathcliff93.1 Hatred for the two Families9 3.1.1 Hatred for Hindley9 3.1.2 Hatred
12、 for Edgar Linton103.2 Hatred for Catherine114. Conclusion13Bibliography 141. Introduction Emily Bronte was an English novelist and poet and one of the three Bronte sisters, best remembered for her solitary novel, Wuthering Heights, now considered a classic of English literature. She was born in Tho
13、rnton, Yorkshire, on July 30, 1818. Emily moved to Haworth, Yorkshire with her family in the year of 1820, and lived there for the rest of her life. Her father, Patrick Bronte, was a Yorkshire clergyman of Irish origin. Her mother, Maria Branwell, was a gentle and delicate woman, who invariably look
14、ed upon the bright side of every trouble. In September 1821, her mother died of cancer when Emily was only three years old. At the age of six, Emily joined her sisters at a charity school called the Clergy Daughters school for a brief period. After leaving the charity school Emily and her sister Cha
15、rlotte studied at home with their brother Branwell. At this time the sisters and the brother started to write. In order to support their family Emily and her two sisters, Charlotte and Anne, often had to go out to work as school teacher or private governess. At that time a governess got a low salary
16、 and was looked down upon. In 1824, Emily accompanied Charlotte to the Hger Pensionnat in Brussels, Belgium, where they attended the girls academy run by Constantin Hger. Hgerseems to have impressed with the strength of Emilys character, “she should have been a man-navigator”. Emily had no experienc
17、e of love affairs and had spent most of her life in an isolated circumstance with an irresistible love for the moors of Yorkshire. Emily, a rather reserved and simple girl, was a child of nature. Except housework, she spent all her life on it. She was never tired of staying outside in the open moorl
18、and in all weathers and never at ease when she was away from it. In her eyes, the gloomiest heaths will blossom even delicate and charming flowers than rose; in her heart, one dark valley on a livid hillside will become a paradise. She fined much fun on the desolate lonely place. It could be said th
19、at its the moors which present her with infinite inspiration to create Wuthering Heights and in fact, the background of this story was just this environment of asperity. Wuthering Heights was published in 1847, which was much neglected and regarded as excessively morbid and violent. It was not until
20、 1850, when Wuthering Heights received a second printing with an introduction by Emilys sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. It is a novel of “extraordinary intellectual power with its solitary outcast hero and i
21、ts image of a love which reaches beyond the grave”（ Heather Glen, 2004: 95）. Geoffrey Moore said in a foreword: “ There are few more convincing, less sentimental accounts of passionate love than Wuthering Heights.” In The Novel and the People Ralph Fox, the progressive English literary critic, write
22、s: “Wuthering Heights is certainly the novel become poetry, it is beyond all doubt one of the most extraordinary books which human genius has ever produced. Catherine and Heathcliff are the revenge of love against the nineteenth century.”Wuthering Heights is the name of an old house, high up on the
23、Yorkshire moors, occupied by the Earnshaw family, including Mr. Earnshaw, his son Hindley and his daughter Catherine. Its core theme is the enduring love between the heroine, Catherine Earnshaw, and her fathers adopted son, Heathcliff and how it eventually destroys their lives and the lives of those
24、 around them.2. The Love Between Heathcliff and CatherineThe love between the two is pure, long-lasting and however violent. Heathcliffs love for Catherine is eternal that nothing can separate him from Catherine even death. While Catherines love is selfish. She loves Heathcliff for the nature of the
25、 two is the same, however, she can not marry him because his low reputation will ruin hers. So she betrays him, which has destroyed lives of the two and other lives of those around them, and marries Edgar for whose richness and high reputation.2.1 ChildhoodThis story happens under the background of
26、Wuthering Heights, the name of an old house, high up on the Yorkshire moors, occupied by the Earnshaw family. Thirty years earlier, Earnshaw brings a child who has been living the life of a waif in the slums of Liverpool, rears him as one of his own children and gives him the name of Heathcliff. Mr.
27、 Earnshaws teenage son Hindley becomes bitterly jealous because much more attention of his father is paid upon Heathcliff, whom he treats badly. While the heroine Catherine Earnshaw likes him and plays with him all the daytime on the moors. Sooner they build a deep friendship and are fond of each ot
28、her during the reaction against the oppression of Hindley. Catherine and Heathcliff are very intimates because of their same world outlook. They are both children of the wild, rebellions to the conventional etiquettes. As stated by Qiao Dongyue, “As Catherine and Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights , wh
29、en they live in the solitary and sorrowful place, they well understand the fates of each other and rise in rebellion on the basis of their common rate and feeling.” （Qiao Dongyue, 1997: 21） This idea is best expressed from the social viewpoint of Arnold Kettle in his introduction to the English nove
30、l. “Against this degradation Catherine and Heathcliff rebel, hurling their books into the dog-kettle. And in their revolt they discover deep and passionate need of each other. He, the outcast slummy, turns to the lovely, spirited, fearless girl who alone offers him human understanding and comradeshi
31、p. And she born into the world of Wuthering Heights, senses that to achieve a full humanity, to be true to herself as a human being, she must associate herself totally with him in his rebellion against the tyranny involve.” （Arnold Kettle, 1960: 34）While the happy life of the two dose not last for a
32、 long time, since after the death of Mr. Earnshaw, Hindley takes over the old house, becomes the master. From that time, Heathcliff is humiliated and deprived of all human rights by Hindley, and lives as a despised animal. Although the life is miserable, he can suffer it without saying a word all because of the company of Catherine. “They forgot everything the minute they were together again.” （Emily Bronte, 2011: 36） W
