1、高中英语“熟词生义”单词学习一览表序号单 词熟 义生 义学 习 要 点1across横过;越过1.到、在对面（adv/prep）He lives across the street.他住在街对面。the house across the street街道对面的房子2.宽（adv）The river is 50 meters across.河宽50米。The tree measures 50 cm across.2add增加，加起来接着说,补充说I should like to add that we are pleased with the test result.我还要补充说一下,我们对测试
2、结果表示满意。3address地址；住址(n)1.演说;正式讲演an address of welcome欢迎词2.对.讲演或发表演说(vt)address a meeting向大会发表演说address the whole nation向全国发表演说addressed me in low tones.低声与我交谈3.称呼；用特殊的头衔称呼How shall I address you?我应当怎样称呼您呢?Dont address me as boss.不要叫我“老板”。4.写姓名地址(vt)address the letter /envelope在信上写地址The envelope is a
3、ddressed to Jack Johnson, Esq.信封上写着杰克约翰逊先生收。4admit承认1.准许进入This ticket admits two people to the football match.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。be admitted to /into Beijing University被北京大学录取2.接容纳；容许The cinema admits about 2000 people.这座电影院大约可坐2000人。The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
4、His illness admits of no delay.他的病不容拖延。5afford担负得起费用抽得出(时间)He cant afford an hour for lunch.I cant afford three weeks away from work.我无法丢下工作三星期。6against反对,逆着,倚靠着,1.与成对照against a dark background与黑色背景成对照;The picture looks better against the light wall.这幅画挂在浅色的墙上显得更美。2.防备；防御against the cold防冷against a
5、rainy day防备雨天We are all taking medicine against the flu.be prepared against war and natural disasters备战备荒7air空气,天空1.发表(意见等)air ones views发表意见使通风,使通气She aired the room by opening the window.她打开窗子使房间通风。8allow允许，准许给予；使得到allowed him1000 for expenses给他每年1000英镑的开销容许(of)allow of no excuse不容辩解The situations
6、 allow of no excuse.形势不容许拖延;形势刻不容缓。考虑到;体谅;顾及(for)We must allow for his youth.我们应当体谅他年轻。酌留；预计allow 10% for inflation允许10%的通货膨胀allow 15 minutes for delay预留15分钟以防耽搁9alone单独地,独自地用在名词或代词之后只有/唯有/仅仅Smith alone knew what happened.只有史密斯知道发生了什么事。The key alone will open the door.只有这把钥匙能开这个门。10attend出席，参加侍候，照应,
7、与on/ upon连用)attend the very sick patients照应重病人attend on / upon a very sick man处理、料理（+to）attend to the problem11beat连续击打,揍击败,战胜（比赛中）beat sb at the table tennis match规律性地拍击to beat a drum击鼓The heart beats. My pulse beats normally.我脉搏正常。搅拌to beat eggs打鸡蛋1.鼓(翼)The bird beat its wings.鸟扑打翅膀。12beyond超出.超过表
8、示范围,限度1.除以外常用于否定句和疑问句ask for nothing beyond peace and quiet.除平安和平静外一无所求晚于.迟于.,到.以后Dont stay there beyond midnight.不要过了午夜还留在那儿。在向.的那边,在.之外The road is beyond that hill.路在山的那一边。Just beyond the fence.就在篱笆那边13block（大）块；（大）片；街区1.阻塞;堵住,阻挡（vt）The police have blocked the road.警察已封锁了道路。block out light阻挡光线tree
9、s that block the view2.障碍物；阻塞(n)a block in the pipes管道阻塞to put up a road block设置路障14book书预定Youll have to book up early.The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel.15build建造,建筑体格；体型Were of the same build.我们体型相同a man of strong build体格健壮的人16business商业,买卖,交易,生意,商店,商行He has a business in
10、the town.他在城里有一家商店。run / operate/ manage a business营业in business; on business职责；本分Its a teachers business to make children learn.n.使学生学习是老师的责任。事情,事物Mind your own business.Its none of your business.17capital首都,首都的1.资本；资金；资方;The Smith Company has a capital of30.000.史密斯公司有3万美元的资本。2.大写字母；大写的capital lett
11、ers大写字母Write your name in capitals.18charge收费，索价(vt)费用(n)主管，负责1.指控(v /n)He was charged with stealing a car.（charge sb. with sth ;类似accuse sb. of sth）a charge of stealing偷窃罪的指控2.猛冲；攻击；The boy charged into the room.男孩冲进屋里。Suddenly the wild animal charged at us.突然那头野兽朝我们冲过来。Charge the enemy向敌人发起冲锋3.充电、
12、装(满),装料charge a gun with powder用火药填满炮19coin硬币1.造币；铸币The government has decided to coin more one-yuan pieces. coin gold.铸造金币2.杜撰设计（新单词或短语）Do not coin terms that are intelligible to nobody.不要生造谁也不懂的词语。3.coin（adj.）投币式的（操作需要一块或多块金属币的）；自助式的a coin washing machine.投币洗衣机20collect.收集1.收（租， 税，帐等）；募（捐）collect
13、the electricity fee收取电费。collect taxes.收税collect (raise) money募集资金2.领取(信件等)；接走（人.物）Today it is his turn to collect the children from school in the community.今天该轮到他把孩子们从社区学校接回去。3.使镇静；集中（思想等）The old lady tried to collect her thoughts but she was too excited.老太太力图镇定下来,但是太激动了。Before you begin to make a s
14、peech, you should collect your thoughts and ideas.在你开始讲话之前，你应当集中你的思想和意念。collect ones emotions.镇定情绪collect oneself心平气和， 平心静气， 镇定一下21company公司,1.陪伴.伴侣He kept me company.他陪伴我。in the company of在.陪同下I had no company on the journey.我在旅行中没有同伴。22contentn.内容,容量,目录,满足（to ones hearts content心满意足）adj.满足的,满意的1.使
15、满意或满足vt.Nothing contents her, she is always complaining.没有什么能使她满意，她总是抱怨。He contented himself with one piece of cake.（他）吃了一块蛋糕非常地满足2.含量the content of silver in a ton of ore一吨矿砂中银的含量23corner角落, (街道)拐角处,把难住；使走投无路The dog cornered the rat.狗把老鼠逼到一个角落。24count数数,计算（count down倒计时）1.依靠，依赖(on)You can count on
16、my help.你可以依赖我的帮助2.认为；视为；count it an honor (to do sth.)（把做某事）引以为荣3.有价值；重要；有用Every second counts.每一秒钟都很重要。You really count with me.对我来说你确实很重要25cover盖子,封面覆盖1.占（时间或空间）The town covers 5 square miles.小镇占地5平方英里。2.走完（一段路程）I want to cover 100 miles by dark.我想在天黑之前走完100英里3.采访（事件）cover a fire for a newspaper为
17、报纸采访失火的新闻4.够付（费用）足以抵补These expenses are covered by the state.这些费用都由国家负担。cover the loss弥补损失5.包括；包含；论及The review covered everything we learned last term.这次复习包括上学期我们所学的全部课程。6.看完(多少页书)cover fifty pages in 15 minutes26crazy疯狂的；精神错乱的；蠢的着迷的；狂热的Shes crazy about dancing.她热衷于跳舞。be crazy about over热衷于,醉心于 ；爱上,
18、迷恋着补充：like crazy mad 口发疯似地;拼命地;猛烈地They were running around like crazy.他们拚命地跑着27date日期起始于(某时期)date back to / date from男女之间的)约会;约会的对象;与约会She is my date.她跟我有约会。have a date with sb./date with sb.28develop发展,形成，研制,开发冲洗(胶片.相片等)develop films /photos冲洗胶卷29draw画图吸引；拉；抽；draw a curtain across a window把窗帘拉上draw
19、 a sword拔出刀draw water from the well从井中把水抽出来draw a lesson吸取教训draw 20dollars from the bank从银行提取20美元draw a conclusiondraw ones attention（to ）The street accident drew a big crowd.The game was drawn.比赛打成了平手The teams draw.两队不分胜负。The game ended in a draw.比赛不分胜负(平局)30due与to连用due to 因为；由引起；由于1.预定到达Their plan
20、e is due in 15 minutes.预期的他们的飞机预定在15分钟后到达Your report is due tomorrow.你的报告应于明天交。2.（票据等）到期的，应付给的a bill due today今天应付款的帐单When is the rent due?房租应于何时支付。3.应有的，应得的，正当的give due consideration to.给予应有的考虑This great deal of money is due to you.这一大笔款是你应得的。31employ雇用1.使采.利用employ force使用武力Why didnt you employ th
21、e new method?你们为什么不采用那个新方法呢?She employs her time wisely.她善于利用时间。（employ.as把.用作）32enter进入;加入；登录,计回车使进加入enter (oneselfsb.) for(替.)报名参加写下或输入We entered our names in the guest book.我们在来客姓名薄上写下姓名；enter the data into the computer.把数据输入电脑33equal平等的；相等的；等于（vt）1.胜任的John is quite equal to the job of running th
22、e office.约翰很能胜任主理这个办事处的工作。2.比得上(vt)None of us can equal her.没人比得上她。34exercise练习；锻炼（v / n）运用（权力等）(v / n)exercise ones right运用自己的权利exercise ones intelligence to solve the problem。运用智慧解决问题35exploit剥削(v)开发,开采exploit a mine开矿to exploit the oil under the sea开发海底石油利用(v)exploit every opportunity利用每一个机会36exp
23、ress表达,表示1.快速的；快递的an express train2.快车(= express train)；快递服务；快件服务the No.12 special express to Beijing开往北京的12次特快3.快速地；用快递方式地advto sent the parcel express包裹寄快件37fair公平的（adj.）(肤色)白皙的, (头发)金黄的(天气)晴朗的fair skin.白皙的皮肤 fair hair.金发fair skies.晴朗的天空集市商品展览会；交易会village fair农村集市trade fair商品交易会industrial fair工业博览
24、会adv公平地；公正诚实地You must play fair.你必须公正处事。你必须公平比赛。38figure数字,人像；画像;图；图表人物the great figures of history历史上的伟大人物领会,懂得We must figure out how to solve the problem.我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。I couldnt figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was.我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是谁。(figure out算出；了解)He figured the whole scheme at once.他马
25、上就懂得了整个计划。推测,估计I figure hell be back soon.我估计他很快会回来。foot脚；英尺2.步行Well foot it.我们将步行去。frequent频繁的2.与.时常交往I know him, but I dont frequent him much.我认识他,但不常往来。39game比赛,游戏,竞赛, 复运动会猎物,野味（不可数）Lions and elephants are called big game when they are hunted.被追捕的狮和象称为大猎物。40gift赠品,礼物,天赋,才能He has a gift for poetry
26、.他有做诗的天赋。a man of many gifts多才多艺的人41grade等级；级别；年级1.成绩；分数He always got high grades in school.他在学校里总是得高分。2.分等，分级to grade the cotton给棉花分等These apples have been graded according to size and quality.这些苹果已经按照大小和质量分了等级。42hold拿着，握着召开，举行;使身体保持某种姿势Hold yourself still.身体不要动。抑制；控制to hold ones breath屏住气容纳；装The r
27、oom can hold twenty people.这屋子可容下20个人。How much water does the jug hold?那罐子能盛多少水?占有；占据；坚守to hold a position坚守阵地拥有，持有（金钱.土地.职位等）hold an important position at the bank.在这家银行里担任一个重要的职务。My husband and I hold conflicting opinions on this matter.对于这件事,我和丈夫的意见相左。保持；继续Hold the line, please.请不要挂断电话机!Do you th
28、ink the good weather can hold?你认为好天气能持续下去吗?认为，以为I hold it for certain.我以为那是确实的。We hold that no country should interfere in the internal affairs of other countries.我们认为一国不应干涉他国的内政。hold to be拘留，扣留held the suspect for questioning.拘留嫌疑犯以待审讯43land陆地;土地，（使）登陆,（使）登岸,（使）着陆；国家war between lands国与国之间的战争捕（鱼）抓住或
29、钓上（鱼）land a big catfish.钓上一条大鲇鱼（非正式）搞到，捞到，获得，取得land a well-paid job;找到一份收入很高的工作land a contract with a Japanese firm揽到一份与一家日本公司的合同44late迟的,晚(期)的(adj/ adv)1.已故的前任的the late doctor已故的医生the late president前任总统the late government上届政府his late wife他已亡故的妻子2.新近的，最近的the late news最近的新闻the late earthquake最近的地震3.不久前.新近（adv）I saw Mr. Wang as late as yesterday.就在昨天我还看见过王先生。补充：1.of lat
