1、 A fire broke out during the night. SARS broke out all over China in the spring of e about 中性词，既可以表示负面，也可以表示正面十五的发生Tell me how the accident came about, will you? happen 不及物，无被动，一切事物的偶然或未能预见的发生。 The accident happened yesterday. A big earthquake happened in America.2.beauty 美丽；美人；美丽的东西He was impressed
2、 by her beauty and charm.。 She is a great beauty.Im surprised at the beauty of her poetry.3. harvest （n.） 收获，收成，收获量；（vt.） 收获,收割a good/ poor harvest; It was harvest time. Poor harvests increased food prices.There are many farmers harvesting their crops in the field.4. celebration （n.） 庆祝，庆祝会 celebrat
3、e （vt.） 庆祝，庆贺We held a celebration to celebrate National Day.= We held a celebration in celebration of National Day5. starve （vt.） 使挨饿，使饿死。 They tried to starve the army to give in. （vi）感觉很饿（仅用于进行时态） When will the dinner be ready? Im starving.starve to death 饿死 They got lost in the desert ane starve
4、d to death. starve for 渴望得到= long for = be dying for6. in memory of 纪念，追念 The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.I send you this card in memory of our happy summer together.He founded the charity in memory of his father.in + n + of 表示某种行为的目的或性质 eg: in search of in favour of in suppor
5、t of in place of in need of in honour of 7. feast （宗教的）节日；vt. 款待，宴请；vi. 大吃大喝，享受美食。Christmas is an important feast for Christians.He said he would feast us on turkey.feast ones eyes （on sb. / sth） feast sb. on sth treat sb. to sth.8. belief （beliefs） 信任，信仰 I have no great belief in doctors. I dont th
6、ink it is right to laugh at other peoples beliefs.beyond belief shake ones belief in to the best of ones belief9. dress up 盛装，打扮，装饰； She likes to dress up for a party.dress up as 装扮成，打扮成。He dress up as a policeman. dress （ vi, vt） 给。穿衣服 After the bath, he dressed himself. She hurriedly dressed her s
7、on and drove him to the nearest hospital.10. play a trick on = play tricks on 欺骗某人，开某人的玩笑。The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others.You should never play a trick on a disabled person.make fun of 嘲笑，取笑； make a fool of 愚弄，嘲笑。11. arrival 到达，抵达； 到达的人或物。On ones arrival = on arriving 某人一到达就。The arriv
8、al of the train has been delayed.On （our） arrival at the farm, we were warmly welcomed by the farmers.Late arrivals must wait at the entrance. There are three arrivals in our class.12. gain vt. 得到。，获得， 赚得; 增添，增加 Hes gained the respect of his friends. He was so lucky that he gained fill marks in the
9、final examination. Eat well if you want to gain strength after your illness. His watch gains two minutes every day. The train was gaining speed. n. 利益，收获。 No pains, no gains. We didnt make any gain when we sold our house.13. independence （n.） 独立，自主。 independent（adj.）独立的，自立的。 Finland gained independe
10、nce from Russia during the First World War. He enjoys living a life of independence. This money gives me independence from my family. （使我不必再依赖家庭） The job will make him independent of his parents.14. gather （vt） 采集，收割，收获； 收集，积累，渐增； 集合，使聚集。The girl gathers flowers from the garden. The farmers are gath
11、ering （in） crops in the fields.The mother told the boy to gather his toys up.He gathered information for his friends. The car he drove gathered speed.The teacher gathered all the students on the playground.15. award （n.） 奖励，奖品。Win / receive an award. He received an award of 1,000 dollars.The award c
12、eremony will be held at the National Film Theartre tonight.（vt） 授予，奖予，给予。授予某人某物： award sb. sth. （for sth.） award sth. to sb. be awarded sth. for （sth.） They awarded her a medal for bravery. A gold medal was awarded to the winner.=The winner was awarded a gold medal.16. admire （vt） 欣赏，赞赏，羡慕。Eg: I adm
13、ired and respect you more than I can say.I admired him for his success in business.Everybody admires him for his fine sense of humour.17. look forward to 期望，期待，盼望 “to”为介词，后接名词，代词，动名词。 I look forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. The day we look forward to came at last. Im looking forward
14、to your early reply.18. day and night （night and day） 名词词组做状语 He worked day and night to support his family. He caught such a bad cold that he coughed day and night.19. have fun with 玩得开心。 have fun / What fun it is to do sth. make fun of =poke fun at 取笑; 拿开玩笑。 You are sure to have a lot of fun at th
15、e party tonight. There is no fun in spending the evening doing nothing. What fun （= How enjoyable） it is to play with snow.20. custom （C, U） 习俗，风俗，惯例；习惯； It is difficult to get used to another countrys custom. It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall. The c
16、ustom of giving presents at Christmas has a long history. It is his custom to listen to music for an hour every day.Custom 用作复数，意思是“关税，海关” Eg：It took us an hour to get through / pass the customs.21. fool （n.） 蠢人，傻子，笨蛋。（vt&vi）愚弄，欺骗，开玩笑。make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人； fool sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事 Ifelt t
17、hat Sally had made a complete fool of me. I suddenly realised that I was being fooled. Dont pay any attention to Henry. He is just fooling. Dont be fooled into believing their promises.22. permission （n.） 准许，许可，批准。 without permission. give sb. permission to do sth. You are not allowed to camp here w
18、ithout permission. With your permission, Id like to say a few words. Who gave you permission to come here?23. turn up 1.）来（开会），出现；2.）开大（灯火，煤气，收音机等）； 3.）卷起衣袖，翻起衣领 Eg: He promised to come,but he hasnt turned up yet. The book you have lost will turn up one of these days. Turn up the radio so that I can
19、 hear it better. Father came back from the fields, the bottom of his trousers turned up. turn down/ into/ in/ on/off/over/out/to.24. keep ones word =keep ones promise （履行诺言，遵守诺言） He promised to help and kept his word at last. You should keep your word once you make it. Since you have promised him, y
20、ou should keep your word. break ones word （食言）; get in a word 插嘴）; in a word总之，一句话; in other words.25. hold ones breath; He jeld his breath, not daring to make any sound. The girl held her breath at the sight of the snake. The race was so close that everyone was holding his breath at the finish.（势均力
21、敌的比赛） take a deep breath=breathe deeply; lose ones breath;（喘不过气来） out of breath （上气不接下气）； under ones breath （小声地，悄悄地）26. apologize （apologise） vi. 道歉，认错。 1.） apologise to sb. for （doing） sth. You must apologize to your teacher for being so rude. I apologize for my braeking your glasses. John apologi
22、zed to Mary for having kept her waiting.2.） apologise to sb. that . I apologised to my mother that I went home late.拓展：make an apology to sb. for （doing） sth.= offer an apology to sb. for （doing） sth accept/ refuse an apology. Please accept my sincere apology.27. drown （drowned;drowned） 1.）vt. 把。淹没，
23、浸泡在。里面 The great flood drowned many houses. The cook drowned the fruit with cream. 2.） vi&vt 淹死，溺死 The man drowned in the river. It is cruel to drown the cat in the river.3.） 把（声音）压倒，盖住，淹没。 The noise of the students drowned the teachers voice.28. obvious adj. 明显的，显而易见的。 He told her an obvious lie. T
24、he medicine has no obvious effect. 29. set off 1.）出发，动身= set out; 2.）出去某地用for+地点；3.）引爆，燃放 All the family set off for Australia next week. Our manager will set off on a trip to Africa. They set off=out at dawn. Somebody was setting off fireworks down the street.30.remind remind sb.of sth; remind sb.t
25、o do sth; remind sb. that. Remind me to get up early. I must remind you of your promise. The film reminded him of what he had seen in China. He reminded me that I hadnt watered the flowers. A student should always remind himself not to be late for class.31.forgive （forgave,forgiven） vt&vi,宽恕，饶恕，原谅 f
26、orgive sb. for doing sth eg: Ill never forgive you for what you said to me last night. Please forgive him for his rudeness/being tude. The teacher forgave him though he made faces in class. Ill never forgive you for what you have done to your parents.二 句型串讲1. The country is covered with cherry trees
27、 flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.as though=as if好像;仿佛;似乎；The boy looks as if he were a big man.2. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit. it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to decorate churches and town halls with f
28、lowers and fruit。3. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. play a trick （on sb） 在这里是“捉弄某人”的意思。类似是表达还有laugh at sb 嘲笑某人；make jokes about sb开某人的玩笑。The naughty children like playing tricks on their maths teacher.Dont laugh at the people in trouble.How dare you make jokes about
29、your boss?4. .Because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. year/ day/ life of plenty表示“富足的年景/日子/生活”。You have a life of plenty， what would you be worried about？5. Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year. mean sb. to do sth 要某人干某事，其被动语态为: be meant to do sth I did
30、nt mean you to read the letter. I never meant him to work for us. You are meant to pay before you come in.mean to do sth. 打算干某事； mean doing sth 意味着。 I dont mean to argue with you. Missing the flight means waiting for another three hours. 6. what kind of information you think will be introduced in the passage. you think 插入语 introduce sb. to sb.向某人介绍另一个人 introduce oneself 自我介
