1、年底大扫除 the year-end household cleaning灯谜 lantern riddle登高 hill climbing拜年 paying a New Year call鞭炮 firecracker年画 （traditional） New Year picture舞龙 dragon dance春联 Spring Festival couplets元宵节 the Lantern Festival植树节 Tree-Planting Day除夕 New Years Eve端午节 the Dragon Boat Festival龙灯舞 dragon lantern dance庙会
2、temple fair年夜饭 family reunion dinner on New Year清明节 Tomb-Sweeping Day扫墓 pay respects to a dead person at his tomb赏月 admire the moon压岁钱 money given to children as a lunar New Year gift; gift money辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new year中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival十二生肖 Ch
3、inese Zodiac七夕节 Double Seventh Day粽子 traditional Chinese rice-pudding; zong zi中餐烹饪 Chinese cuisine粤菜Cantonese cuisine淮扬菜 Huaiyang cuisine鲁菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine佛教 Buddhism佛寺 Buddhist temple道教 Taoism道观 Taoist temple道士 Taoist priest儒教 Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture墨家 Mohism法家 Legalis
4、m孔庙 Confucian Temple孔子 Confucius春秋 The Spring and Autumn Annals史记 Historical Records诗经 The Book of Songs书经 The Book of History易经 The Book of Changes礼记 The Book of Rites四书 The Four Books大学 The Great Learning中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean论语 The Analects of Confucius孟子 The Mencius山海经 The Classic of Mounta
5、ins and Rivers本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica资治通鉴 History as a Mirror西厢记 The Romance of West Chamber西行漫记 Red Star Over China三国演义 The Romance of the Three Kingdoms水浒传 Water Margin聊斋志异 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansions; The Story of the Stone西游记 Pilgrimage to the West; A Jo
6、urney to the West武侠小说 martial arts novel言情小说 romantic fiction八股文 eight-part essay; stereotyped writing五言绝句 five-character quatrain七言律诗 seven-character octave民间艺术 folk art高雅艺术 refined art戏剧艺术 theatrical art电影艺术 film art爱国主义精神 patriotism文化产业 cultural industry文化事业 cultural undertaking文化交流 cultural exch
7、ange文化冲突 cultural shock; cultural conflict乡村文化 rural culture民族文化 national culture表演艺术 performing art文化底蕴 cultural deposit华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestor同宗同源 be of the same origin中国文学 Chinese literature中国武术 Chinese martial arts; Kung Fu中国书法 Chinese calligraphy火药 gunpowder印刷术 printing; art of printing造纸术 pa
8、permaking technology指南针 compass中国结 Chinese knot青铜器 bronze ware武术门派 style/school of martial arts习武健身 practice martial arts for fitness古代格斗术ancient form of combat武林高手 top martial artist气功 qigong无与伦比的文学创作 unmatched literary creation汉语的四声调 the four tones of Chinese工艺 workmanship; craftsmanship手工艺品 handi
9、craft泥人 clay figurine苏绣 Suzhou embroidery寓言 fable神话 mythology传说 legend公历 the Gregorian calendar阴历 the Lunar calendar天干 Heavenly Stems篆刻 seal cutting闰年 leap year二十四节气 24 solar terms传统节日 traditional holiday才子佳人 gifted scholar and beautiful lady中华文明 Chinese civilization中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholar
10、寺庙 temple汉学家 sinologist考古学家 archaeologist人类学家 anthropologist历史学家 historian地理学家 geographer宿命论 determinism守岁 stay up late on New Year桂花 sweet osmanthus中药 traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）文明摇篮 cradle of civilization明清两代 the Ming and Qing Dynasties江南 South of the Yangtze River水乡景色 riverside scenery上海大剧
11、院 Shanghai Grand Theater样板戏 model opera霸王别姬 Farewell to My Concubine佛经 Buddhist scripture都江堰 Dujiang Weir孙子兵法 The Art of War三字经 Three-Character Scripture旗袍 cheongsam; chi-pao中山装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 Traditional Chinese garment; Tang suit风水 geomancy胡同 alley; hutong神农本草经 Shen Nongs Herbal Classic针灸 ac
12、upuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feel the pulse旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Period母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建（制度）的 feudal秦朝 the Qin Dynasty汉朝 the Han Dynasty唐朝 the Tang Dynasty宋朝 the Song Dynasty元朝 the Yuan Dynasty明朝 the Ming Dynasty清朝 the Qing Dynasty秦始皇 the First Qin Emperor皇太后 empress dowager春秋时期 the
13、 Spring and Autumn Period四六级翻译词汇（二）：社会发展人工智能 artificial intelligence生物技术 biotechnology克隆 clone基因突变 genetic mutation基因工程 genetic engineering转基因食品 genetically modified food （GM food）小康社会 a well-off society综合国力 the overall national strength扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy H
14、ousing Project生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture铁饭碗 a secure job外出打工人员 migrant worker基层监督 grass-roots supervision价格听证会 public price hearing家政服务 household management service假账 false accounting智力密集型企业 intelligence-intensive enterprise三角债 chain debt素质教育 education for all-round development; quality-o
15、riented education社会治安情况 public security situation改革开放政策 the reform and opening-up policy一国两制 One Country, Two Systems人大代表 NPC representative法制观念 awareness of law公务员 civil servant和谐并存 harmonious coexistence西部大开发 Development of the West Regions可持续性发展 sustainable development虚拟现实 virtual reality网民 netiz
16、en （net citizen）电脑犯罪 computer crime应试教育 exam-oriented education学生减负 reduce study load综合治理 comprehensive treatment下海 go into business文化适应 acculturation信息港 information port摇钱树 the Money Tree职业培训 job training人才交流 talent exchange职业文盲 functional illiterate智力引进 recruit/introduce talents早恋 puppy love舆论导向 d
17、irection of public opinion人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率 birth rate全国人口普查 nationwide census人口激增 population explosion预期寿命 life expectancy社会公益活动public welfare activity活动中心 recreational center道德标准 ethical standard尊老爱幼 respect the old and cherish the young退休金 pension敬老院 home for the aged老年大学 university
18、for the aged养老金 old-age pension社会保险 social insurance人寿保险 life insurance多元文化论 multiculturalism社会保障 social security搬迁户 a relocated unit or household信息革命 information revolution信息高速公路 information superhighway办公自动化 Office Automation （OA）信息高地 information highland教育界 educational circles/world教育投入 input in
19、education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education高考 university/college entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan初等教育 elementary education教育事业 educational cause高等教育 higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 college of （liberal） arts必修课 required/comp
20、ulsory course选修课 elective/optional course教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus启发式教学 heuristic teaching填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching学前教育 preschool education校园数字化 campus digitalization城市化 urbanization基础设施 infrastructure第三产业 tertiary industry商业化 commercialization水短缺 water shortage环境污染 environmental pollu
21、tion过度工业化 over-industrialization过度拥挤 overcrowding财富分配 wealth distribution社会动荡 social instability能源和资源消耗 a drain on energy and resources快节奏生活 a rapid pace of life社区服务 community service挪用公款 embezzlement充电（知识更新） update ones knowledge社会福利 social welfare废物处理 waste disposal消费方式 pattern of consumption恶性循环
22、vicious cycle资源配置 resource allocation城市规划 urban planning房地产 real estate温室效应 greenhouse effect全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign网络造谣 fabricate rumors online网络出版 online publishing社会事业 social undertaking每人，人均 per capita小康社会 moderately prosperous society宏观调控 macro-economic control社会主义新农村 new socialist c
23、ountryside依法 pursuant to the law生产力过剩 surplus production capacity节能 energy conservation以房养老 house-for-pension scheme社区护理 community care取得突破 make breakthroughs义务教育 compulsory education杂费 miscellaneous fees寄宿制学校 boarding school远程教育 distance education中等职业学校 secondary vocational school最低生活保障 basic cost
24、of living allowances自治区 autonomous region网上银行online banking跨行转账 inter-bank transfer手机银行 mobile banking解放思想 free ones mind与时俱进 keep pace with the times因地制宜 tailor measures to local conditions扣分处罚 point penalty社会和谐 social harmony特别行政区 special administrative region扩大内需 expand domestic demand传染病 communi
25、cable/infectious disease前沿 cutting edge民办学校 non-publicly funded school试点项目 pilot project反腐 combat corruption填补漏洞 plug up loopholes武警 armed police社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy科学发展观 Scientific Outlook on Development社会主义和谐社会 harmonious socialist society中国特色社会主义 socialism with Chinese characteristic
26、s行政审批 administrative examination and approval“十二五”规划 the Twelfth Five-Year Plan试管婴儿 test-tube baby转基因食品 genetically modified food3D/三维电影 three-dimensional movie三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope民族精神 national spirit小康水平 comparatively well-off level多极世界 multipolar world一个中国原则 the one-China
27、 principle共同愿望 common desire/aspiration不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边主义 multilateralism无土栽培 soilless culture生态农业 environmental-friendly agriculture农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor force关系户 closely-related unit低洼地区 low-lying area淹没农田 inundate cultivated land终身职业 lifelong career基础税率 base tariff level婚纱摄影 wedding photography机器阅卷 machine scoring豆腐渣工程 jerry-built project价格听证会
