1、She asked me if / whether I was interested in English.例3：Jack said, “Did you see Wei Fang last night?Jack asked （me） whether / if I had seen Wei Fang the night before.当直接引语是特殊疑问句直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句中要用原来的特殊疑问词接陈述句语序。例4:He asked me, “Where have you bought the pen? He asked me where I had bought
2、the pen.例5:She said to Li Ping, “When will you fly to Hang Zhou?She asked Li Ping when he would fly to Hang Zhou.当直接引语是选择疑问句 直接引语如果是选择疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句要用if / whether or 结构。 例6:Andrews said, “Will you go shopping or play basketball this afternoon?Andrews asked me if / whether I would go shopping or pl
3、ay basketball this afternoon.当直接引语是反意疑问句直接引语如果是反意疑问句，变为间接引语时，宾语从句要用whether or not结构，不能用if or not结构。例7：“You are doing your homework, arent you?” she said to me.She asked me whether I was doing my homework or not.如何正确使用whether与if:（） I dont care if he doesnt come. 他不来我不在乎（） I dont care whether he comes
4、. 他来不来我不在乎（） I dont care whether he doesnt come. whether从句不能用于否定（） I dont care whether he comes or not. 他来不来我不在乎（） I dont care whether or not he comes. 他来不来我不在乎一般情况下，句子中有or not时多用whether，特别是口语中，如果or not出现在句末，那么只能用whether.当直接引语是祈使句转述祈使句时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，如果是带please的祈使句，则用ask sb. to do sth.结构；如果是表示
5、命令的祈使句，则用tell / order sb. to do sth.结构。如果祈使句为否定式，则要用ask / tell / order sb. not to do sth.结构。例8:The mother said to her son, “Please close the door.” The mother asked her son to close the door.例9:The teacher said, “Dont make so much noise, boys and girls.”The teacher told the boys and girls not to mak
6、e so much noise.例10:He said to me, “Bring your dictionary here.”He told me to take my dictionary there.直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest+动句词（或从句）加以转述。 例11: He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film.或He suggested that they should go to see the film. 例12: Would you mind ope
7、ning the window? he asked.He asked me to open the window.例13:Why dont you take a walk after supper? he asked .he advised me to take a walk after supper.例14:Shall we listen to the music?He suggested listening to the music.当直接引语是感叹句 直接引语是感叹句间接引语为what 或how 引导，也可以用that 引导。例15：She said, What a lovely day
8、 it is ! She said what a lovely day it was.或She said that it was a lovely day.2人称的变化“一主，二宾，三不变。只变人称不变数和格。” . “一主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰，从句中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化而变化 。例16：She said，“I like it very much. ” She said （that） she liked it very much. . “二宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人称“你”所修饰，从
9、句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称。例17：He said to Kate， “How is your sister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then. . “三不变”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰，从句中的人称一般不需要变化。例18：Mr. Smith said， “Jack is a good worker.” Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker. 3时态的变化如主句的谓语动词为现在时态范畴，间接引语中的时态
10、一般不作变化；但如果主句的谓语动词为过去时态范畴，则间接引语多改用相应的过去时态。其规律见下表：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时现在完成时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时 例19：She said. I have lost a pen.She said she had lost a pen. 例20：We hope so.She said they hoped so. 例21：He will go to see his friend.She said he would go to see his friend.要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变
11、化。1 直接引语是客观真理。The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth. the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.2 直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jack said. John, where were you going when I met you in the street?Jack asked John where h
12、e was going when he met him in the street.3 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。Xiao Wang said. I was born on April 2l, 1980.Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.4 直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。He said, I get up at six every morning. He said he gets up at six every morning.5 如果直接引语
13、中的情态动词没有过去时的形式（例：ought to， had better, used to）和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could, should, would, might）不再变。Peter said. You had better come have today.Peter said I had better go there that day.4时间状语、指示代词、地点或方向状语的变化时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”（例：now变为then, yesterday。变为 the day before） 例22：The teacher said, “Ill give you an exa
14、m tomorrow.” The teacher said he would give us an exam the next day. 用指示代词、地点或方向修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this 改为that）, 例23：These books are mine.He said those books were his. 例24：The boy said, “I will bring my homework tomorrow.” The boy said that he would take his homework the next day.附状语变化一览表：在直接引语中 在间接引
15、语中指示代词 this these that those 表示时间的词 now today then that day this week（month ,etc） that week （month ,etc） yesterday the day before last week（month ,etc） the week（month ,etc） before three days （a year ,etc） ago three days （a year. etc） before tomorrow the next （following ） day next week （month ,etc） t
16、he next （following ） week 表地点的词 here there 动词 bring take come go 五、主要方法：学生的解题思路可分为：判断句子类型，以及句子中的各成分然后对号入座，做相应的改变 John said to me, “I told her all about it three days ago.”判断引语部分为陈述句，用that 引导，且said to me 改为told me； 根据人称变化规则，一随主，I应改为he； 根据时态变化规则，一般过去时就改为过去完成时； 根据时间状语变化规则，three days ago 应改为three days b
17、efore.改变：John told me that he had told her all about it three days before.I asked her, “Do you study English here?判断引语部分为疑问句，用whether或if引导； 根据人称变化规则，二随宾，you应改为she； 根据时态变化规则，一般现在时就改为一般过去时； 根据地点状语变化规则，here应改为there I asked her if she studied English there.The teacher said to her mother, “Please give me
18、 the book.”判断引语部分为祈使句，用ask sb.to do sth.的句型转换； 根据人称变化规则，一随主，me应改为her； （这个时候不需要时态的改变） The teacher asked her mother to give her the book. 【巩固练习】A用适当的连接代词或连接副词填空.1） I hope you can come tomorrow.2） He asked me I knew Zhang Hua.3） Im afraid the computer will cost you a lot of money.4） He never told us he
19、 lived with.5） Do you know she came back?6） Tell me he said.7） Im interested in he did it.8） We dont know they havent come yet.9） We will find out deep the river is.10） I wonder UFOs come from.11） Can you tell me answer is right?12） Do you know bank she is going to?B一、将下列直接引语改为间接引语.1） He said, “I li
20、ke English very much.”2） She said, “I will go there tonight.”3） They said, “We are cleaning the classroom now.”4） He asked me, “Have you met her?5） Mother asked me, “How did you fix the radio.”6） He asked, “Who is very lazy?8） She said to us, “Have a rest.”9） He said, “Light travels much faster than
21、 sound.”10） “Dont take off your coat.” He said to his brother.二、选择题1. Our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school.A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing3. Betty asked her sister _ to t
22、he railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not come D. to not go4. The pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon went C. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went5. Do you know _?A. what is he doing B. what he doingC. what he is
23、 doing D. what does he do now6. Mr. Li _ Wang Ling _ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take7. She asked him _.A. whose dictionary this is B. whose dictionary that was C. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is8. Marys mother asked her _.A. t
24、hat whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework9He asked me _.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the weather would be like tomorrow D.
25、 what would the weather be like the next day 10. I dont know _ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins11. I wonder how much _.A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his car C. he spent on his car D. he spent in his car12. You cant imagine _ w
26、hen they received these nice Spring Festival presents.A. how excited they were B. how excited were they C. how they were excited D. they were how excited13. She told me that she _ by her relatives at the bus stop.A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off14. More and
27、 more students and teachers have begun to know _.A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is important C. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language15. The boss asked his secretary _ he had finished typing the report _.A. if; or not B.
28、 if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not【参考答案】 A1.that 2.whether/if 3.that 4.who/whom5.when 6.what 7.how 8.where9.how 10.where 11.which 12.which直接引语改为间接引语1） He said that he likes English very much.2） She said that he would go there that night.3） They said that they were cleaning the classroom then.4） He asked me whether I had met her?5） Mother asked me How I fixed the radio.6） He asked who was very lazy?8） She asked us to have a rest.9） He
