1、肯尼迪就职演说背景肯尼迪就职演说背景【篇一：肯尼迪就职演讲背景分析 the background meaning in john f.kennedy inaugural address】 the background meaning in john f. kennedy?s inaugural address 摘要:肯尼迪是美国历史上最年轻的总统,他的当选代表了二战后的年轻主张.肯 尼迪的就职演讲被认为是美国总统就职演讲中最为精彩的篇章之一,其语言简明、结构巧妙, 内容也反映了当时的政治，文化，社会背景，值得我们探究学习。 关键词:就职演讲;权利;核力量. abstract: kennedy
2、was the youngest person elected u.s. president .his presidency came to represent the america youthful idealism in the aftermath of world war ii. and kennedy?s address was considered as one of the most wonderful in american history, the words in it is short, well-organized, inflected the political, c
3、ulture, social background, and his sentences were worthing study. key words: inaugural address; rights; nuclear power. president kennedy was an excellent speaker and writer; kennedys speech object is global ，does not only aimed at the american citizen, moreover in view of international judgment. he
4、applied various historics. such as, alleles, repetition, alliteration, antithesis, metaphor, synecdoche. and he used the first person, let people in the same standpoint, feel comfortable, so make it easy to win their support. he aroused americans sense of pride and responsibility, enabled the speech
5、 having strong sedition .in his address, we can learn the political, social, cultural situations at that moment; appreciate the art of his language. 1.kennedy?s victory is all the people?s victory. “we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom-symbolizing an end, as well as
6、a beginning-signifying renewal, as well as change”(张汉熙,1995,51-56) kennedy emphasized that he become thepresident of america is not only a victory of a party but also embody the celebration of freedom. it symbolizing a new start , which fulfill hope, freedom. equal rights. it is also the victory of
7、all the american people and the human rights career. 2.the new generations advocate freedom, equal rights and peace. “we dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a
8、new generation of americans-born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage-and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at ho
9、me and around the world”(张汉熙,1995,51-56) some americans proudly called the 1950s the placid decade. the united states had made huge profits in the second world war. as a result, the post-war years saw a degree of prosperity of capitalist economy. the relation between capital and labor became less in
10、tense.( 狄红秋,2008;209-211)there was a relative peace. as to the new generation ,few of they have been influenced by the old doctrine of pre-world war，they witness the tragedy of war and the power of the nucleus. americans are freefree to express to create, and ideally, to solve problems, and expect t
11、o make the world a better place. they rose with a respect, recognition for and expectation of continued freedom; they have immense freedom and their ancient people fought to have freedom. 3. diplomacy policy and nuclear power at kennedy?s times. vs“ finally, to those nations who would make themselve
12、s our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.but neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from ou
13、r present course-both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankinds final war.” (张汉熙,1995,51-56) at that time, the contradiction between sociali
14、sm countries and capitalistic states is still sharp. ever since the advent of atomic bombs at the end of the second world war, the nuclear weapon has played a very important part in united states world strategy. in its rivalry with the former soviet union, the united states had used its nuclear arse
15、nal either as a trump card or as abargaining chip according to the ever-changing balance of power. 4.the cuba nuclear crisis. soon after his inauguration, russians tried to install nuclear missiles in cuba. when this was discovered in october 1962.kennedy imposed quarantine on al offensive weapons b
16、ound for cuba. while the world trembled on the brink of nuclear war, the russians backed down and agreed to take he missilesaway the months after the cuba crisis showed significant progress toward kennedy?s goal of “a world of law and free choice, banishing the world of war and coercion”. his admini
17、stration thus saw the beginning of new hope for both the equal rights of americans and the peace of the world. 5.” become the host of our own”america say to the americas. “to those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not hav
18、e passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. we shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. but we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom-and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger
19、 ended up inside” “let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the americas. and let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.”(张汉熙,1995,51-56) in this address, kennedy used many metaphors to
20、convey implicated meanings. in the first sentence, he talked about some countries were used to seek the aids from socialist country, but lost their freedom at last. he thought this is very foolish, implying and treating the other countries don?t be close to socialism any more. next, he spoke in a si
21、ncerely tone, calling on all the american people to protect their freedom, their human rights of course, under their eldest brother -america?s leader. he compared “his peaceful revolution of hope.” and “americas” to “the prey hostile powers” and “a house” (李志坤, 2007:3), and america will never allow
22、it, americas should become the host of their own. once again, the united states called on other countries to under the flag of capitalistic to fight against socialism countries (the former soviet union). 6. massive holy bible languages were used in the address.although kennedy?s address was given to
23、 the whole world, as to the people of english countries who mostly is christian and believe in the god, he quoted many sentences in the bible. perhaps he thought that such language style would arouse the sense of agreement among english countries, or on the other hand, maybe this is because kennedy
24、believes in catholicism. and people always suspect whether he can fulfill his responsibility impartially or not, because he is a catholic. in order to reply this, in september of 1960,kennedy said he was not catholic candidate for president; he was the democratic partys candidate for president who h
25、appens also to be a catholic. and he was not speaking for his church on public mattersand the church does not speak for him. and kennedy also stressed there are many other things which is much more important than religion. war, hunger, ignorance and despair have no religion limit, and we should use
26、religion tolerance to serve the national well-being. his speech restrained the noisy sound surrounding his religion issues. biography: 1狄红秋. celebration hall: presidents of the u.s.a. m .天津：天津大学出版社， 2008，209-211. 2李志坤et al. 肯尼迪就职演说词的语用含义探究j/ol. cjfd收录刊, 科 技信息(学术研究) 2007年 09期,3. 3张汉熙et al. 高级英语 m .北京
27、：外语教学与研究出版社,1995,51-56.【篇二：肯尼迪就职演讲修辞分析】 taking the oath of office 1. vice president johnson, mr. speaker, mr. chief justice, president eisenhower, vice president nixon, president truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens: 2. our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three-quarters ago. ? 修辞分析：运用了
28、antithesis 的修辞手法，前后结构一致，语义相反，容易吸引观众的注 意，达到演讲词开篇引人入胜的目的。这里“a victory of party”和“a celebration of freedom，”“an end”和“a beginning”等等分别构成对照，强调这不是一个政党的胜利，而是自由的胜利，是结束也是开端，是更新也是变革。 3. the world is very different now. for man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish? same revolutionary beliefs for whi
29、ch our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe - the belief that the rights of man come ? 修辞分析：该段子划线部分都运用了repetition的修辞手法。这里重复的使用主要是为了 分清层次，加强演讲词的节奏感和音律美，使读起来朗朗上口。 4. we dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. let the word go forth from this time and place,
30、 to friend and foe alike, - ? 修辞分析：该段落划线部分运用了parallelism 的修辞手法。总共包括三组排比句，如段中 所示，第一组是过去分词引起的短语，第二组是形容词引起的短语，第三组是定语从句。排比句结构平衡,音韵和谐,语义紧凑,高潮迭起,极富感召力与鼓动性。排比的大量使用既能起到突出演讲主题的作用,又能令句子流畅,读起来朗朗上口,极富音乐般的节奏和感染力。 - 1 -5. ? 修辞分析：这句话运用了repetition和alliteration双重的修辞手法。首先是头韵法，如段 中阴影部分，“pay price“”bear burden“”surviva
31、l success“”friend foe”等这些头韵法的合理使用不仅使演说朗朗上口,富于乐感,从而抓住听众的注意力,而且通过在词首重复使用相同的辅音,使得音韵悠扬,节奏明快,增强了表现力,给人以深刻的印象,为演说增添了光彩。其二段中“any”的重复使用使演讲者观点紧凑，重点突出，有能很有效的调动听众的情感，从而达到演讲的目的。 6. this much we pledge - and more. 7. to those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of fait
32、hful friends. a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ? 修辞分析：段中划线部分运用了antithesis的修辞手法。这里主要是“united”和“divided”的 对照，一方面使得两句话对称整齐，音律和谐，读起来脍炙人口。另一方面强调了语义的对立，突出了“如果团结一致，我们就能在许多合作事业中无往而不胜，如果分歧对立，我们便会一事无成”这个主要观点。 8. to those new states whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, ? 修辞分析：该段划线部分?运用了repetition的修辞手法，“shall”的重复使用使句式结构紧 凑，重点突出，同时调动听众的情感，引起共鸣，很好得表达了美国政府的决心和信念。 ? ?运用了metaphor的修辞手法。用比喻来阐述道理，使听众于生动的形象中得到启发，受 - 2 -到感染，折服于演说家。这一句既表明演说家的态度，同时也是对本段上文的形象化总结，这远比讲美国今后不会对加入自由
