1、状语从句重难点复习性讲练状语从句重难点复习性讲练 一、时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的连词有：before; after; when; while; as; since; until; till; the week/year; all the time; any/every/each time; the first/last time; by the time; whenever; once(一就); as soon as; the moment/minute/instant/second/time.; immediately/instantly/directly; soon/shortly
2、after;no sooner+过去完成时+than+一般过去时; hardly/scarcely +过去完成时+ when +一般过去时;_(无论什么时候) we met with difficulties, they came to help us. My sister came _(一就) she got my message._(每次) I catch a cold, I have a pain in my back. _(第一次) I climbed onto the wall, I felt nervous.注意：如果把no sooner, hardly, scarcely, ba
3、rely置于句首，主句部分就要倒装，如：She had no sooner heard the news than she fainted. No sooner_.She had hardly heard the news when she fainted. Hardly _.1. as, when, while 的用法与区别：when:表示“当的时候”，从句谓语动词可以是延续性的也可以是瞬时性的，即引导的从句可表示“一段时间”也可表示“一瞬间”。（从属连词）When they arrived, it was already midnight.从句和主句的动作同时发生，但因为从句动作arriv
4、ed是非延续性的,表示的是“一瞬间”，此时不可用while，但可用as替换。_（时间是5点钟） when he left home. (从句和主句的动作同时发生)When the clock struck eleven, _（所有的灯都熄灭了）. (从句的动作在主句之前发生)When he ran to the stop, _（公共汽车已经走了）. (从句动作在主句动作之后发生)He read a newspaper _（当他在等公共汽车时）.从句动作和主句动作同时发生，而且从句动作waiting是延续性的，表示的是“一段时间”，此时可用while替换。、when = and then, 意为
5、“这时. 就在这时.”。（并列连词，连接两个分句）常用句型：was/were about/going to do sth when 2. was/were on the point of doing sth. whenwas/were doing sth. when 4. had just done sth. when was/were+介词短语+when.例如：I_(正准备出去)when a man came to visit me.I was wandering in the street _(这时突然一只狗咬了我一口).I _(刚刚起床) when a man came to visit
6、 meChuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean _(这时他的飞机突然失事了).可作“既然”讲，用于引出“使某人的行为看似出乎意料的情景”。It was foolish of you to take a taxi_ （既然你能够很容易地5分钟内走到那里）.Why does she always drive to work_ （既然她能够很容易地乘到火车）?可作“如果”讲，用于“作出某事总是正确或属实”的概括。How could you expect to learn something_（如果你上课从来不听课）?We use “an” _（如果
7、下一个单词以元音开头）.while、while意思是during the whole of the time that,指在“一段时间”里，所引导的从句中的动词是延续性的，可译为“在.期间， 在.之时”She visited a lot of places_（她呆在美国期间）. He fell asleep_ （他在看电视时）.、while可用作并列连词，连接两个分句，表鲜明的对比，中文常被翻译为“而；然而”My son likes to watch boxing games_ （而我宁愿听音乐）.Some people waste food_ （而别人不够）. (朱门酒肉臭，路有冻死骨）、w
8、hile 可引导让步状语从句, 通常位于句首，意思是“尽管；虽然”。如：_（虽然我同意你的理由） I cant allow it._（虽然他爱学生）, he is very strict with them.as、多用于动作发生时间较短时，常有“正当.之时” 之意 She fell of the bus _（她下车时）.表“边边”或“随着.”之意时常用as He whistled_ （一边骑车）. _（随着时间的推移）, he became less active. as还可表 “由于.” ，引导原因状语从句 Im not going out _（由于我有很多事要做）. as还可用于倒装句表“
9、虽然；尽管”，引导让步状语从句 _（虽然她很年轻）, she is already a professor. _（虽然他是个孩子）, he knows a lot.2、since的用法：since表从过去某一时间或动作、事情起到目前为止，“自.以 来”、引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句中用一般过去时。Ive been living here_ （自从我来到北京）. _（我给家里写过四次信了） since I came here.、常用句型： it is (has been).+ since +一般过去时It is five years since I began to l
10、earn English.注意： since句型中如果从句谓语是延续性的，则它所表示的时间从该动作或状态结束时算起！翻译下列句子并进行比较：It is 3 years since I smoked( gave up smoking) (自从我戒烟以来) _。It is 3 years since I began to smoke. (自从我开始抽烟以来) _。It is 5 years since he was a soidier. _。It is 5 years since he joined the army. _。I have never seen him since he was il
11、l. 他_我还没见过他。I have never seen him since he fell ill. 他_我还没见过他。.It has been 5 years since he lived here. 到现在为止他_。3、until与till的用法与区别：在句首时多用until.肯定句：用于主句谓语动词为延续性动词时。意为“主句动作延续到从句表示的时间才停止”Lets wait _（直到雨停止）.否定句：用于主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，即 not.until意为“主句动作直到从句表示的时间才开始”She _（才回来） until this morning.、not.until的倒装句和
12、强调句。He didnt stop until he had finished all his work。倒装句: Not until _.强调句: It was _ that _.强调句句式为：It was/is not until that4. before 的用法： before 有时翻译成“才”，“不到就”，“趁还没就”，“还没（来得及）就”. 如：We had sailed four days and four nights _（我们才看到陆地）. We hadnt run a mile _（他就感到疲劳了）.Please write it down _（趁你还没忘记）. _（我还没
13、来得及解释）, she had got very angry.另外，注意before的以下句型：It will be +一段时间+ before 要过多久之后才/就It will be half a year before I come back. It wont be long before we meet again.It was +一段时间+ before 过了多久之后才/就It was 3 years before he died.巩固练习：It is five years _ he graduated. It is five years ago _he graduated.It wa
14、s five years _he graduated. It will be five years _he graduates.It was five oclock _ he left home. It was at five oclock _ he left home.We had walked a long way _ we found some water.We had just walked four miles _ it began to rain.二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有where, wherever (no matter where) 等，例如：There are
15、 plenty of trees_. 我住的地方树很多。_I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。_, I will be right here waiting for you!不管你去哪里，不管你做什么，我都会在这等着你！ Bamboo grows well _（在暖和和潮湿的地方）. You may go _（你喜欢的任何地方）.有时，- where构成的复合词也可以引导地点状语从句，如：_（他们所到之处）, they were kindly received / warmly welcomed. Well go _（党指引我们去的任何地方）.三、原
16、因状语从句(1)引导原因状语从句的连词有 because, as, since, now that, seeing (that), considering that, given that ;when(既然).如：Since/ Now that /Seeing he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him.It was foolish of you to take a taxi _ you could easily walk there in five minutes._(考虑到他们是新手), they
17、 are doing quite a good job.(2) because, since, as, for 用法比较：、because: 语气最强，回答why提出的问题，所表示的是直接的因果关系，不能同so连用。Why are you late? Because there is a traffic jam.、 since: “既然.” 表对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。Since you havent got enough money with you now, you can come and buy it next time.、as: “由于.” 语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或
18、已知的事实，常放在句首。As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result.、for是一个并列连词，连接的是两个并列的分句，其他三个是引导状语从句的从属连词。 for不能放在句首。It must have rained last night, _（因为地面是湿的）.四、条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless (if not), on condition that, given (that), provided/providing (that), suppose/ supposi
19、ng, granted/ granting, assuming; so/as long as, in case(万一); once(一旦);Youll fail the exam unless you study hard.Once environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem to recover.注意：有时可以把祈使句作为条件从句，祈使句后面要搭配and/or/otherwise，如： Give him an inch _（他将会） take a mile. (= If you give him an
20、 inch, hell take a mile. )当表示否定的条件时，用连词or 或otherwise， 如：Start at once, or / otherwise _（你会错过火车）. (= If you dont start at once, ) (= _ you start at once, youll miss the train.)五、目的、结果状语从句（1）引导目的状语从句的连词有lest, for fear that , in case（注意：后面不能加that); so that(以便), in order that.引导目的状语从句时，从句中常有can, could,
21、may, might, would (2) 引导结果状语从句的连词有:so that(以致); sothat; suchthat其句型为：so + 形容词/副词/分词 + that引导结果状语从句 such + (形容词) + 名词 + that引导结果状语从句注意：如果把so/such 部分放在句首，那么主句要部分倒装。_(这本书如此有趣) that I have read it twice.倒装句：So _（3）such + a/an +形+单可名+ that引导结果状语从句 so +形+ a/ an +单可名+ that引导结果状语从句 Its so _(如此好的天气) that we
22、all want to go outing.= Its such _ that we all want to go outing.注意：只有单数可数名词才有这两种表达方式。复数可数名词和不可数名词则只能用_。（4）如果修饰名词的形容词为many, few, much, little(少的)时，前面则用so，即 so many/ much / few / little +名词比较：so many / few flowers so many people so much / little money such nice flowers such a lot of people such rapid
23、 progressIt is not surprising that _little worms eat _ little grain.填空并变倒装句：1. There were _（如此多的人） in the bus that I could hardly move.2. She put _（那么多的黄油和糖） in the cake that I didnt dare to eat too much.3. Mike is _ an honest worker that we all believe him.=Mike is _ honest a worker that we all bel
24、ieve him.4. It is _ fine weather that we all want to go to the park .5. He earned _little money that he couldnt support his family.六、让步状语从句（1）引导让步状语从句的连词有：though/although/while(虽然;尽管) even if/ even though; as倒装句;疑问词-ever; no matter +疑问词; whether(不管，无论）_ you believe it or not, it is true.（2）whoever, whatever, whichever还可引导名词从句。而no matter who/ what/ which 只能引导让步状语从句He didnt want t
