1、介词和介词短语 介词和介词短语介词的概念:表示它后面的名词或代词与其它句子成分的关系。1.介词种类:简单介词:如in, on, at等;介词短语:如in front of, instead of等。2.表示时间的介词表示年、月、日、时刻等用:in, on, at;表示期间等用:during, for, through;表示时间的前、后用:before, after ;表示期限等用:by, until, till;表示时间的经过用:in, within;表示时间的起点等用:since, from.(1)at，on，inat用于表示时刻、时间的某一点。on:用于星期、某日、某一天的上午、下午(指具
2、体的某一天时，一律用on)in:用于表示周、月、季节、年，泛指上午、下午又晚上。.(2) by，until(till)by:在前(时间)截至(到)。until, ( till):直到为止(时间)。 (3)before，after.” before:在。二之前， after在之后， (4) for, during，through or:达之久(表示过了多长时间)，可以和一般现在时、过去时、将来时连用，但是多数情况下常和完成时连用。 during在期间 through:一直(从开始到结束) (5)from，since from:从起(时间) since:自从以来(表示从以前某时一直到现在仍在继续)
3、。 (6) in，within in后(未来时间) within在范围之内3.表示场所、方向的介词 表场所的介词:at, in,on，under, by，near, between 表方向的介词:in, into,out，of,along，across，through (1)at，in at:在某地点(表较小的场所)。in在某地(表示场所较大)。(2)on，under，over，above,belowon:在二上面，有接触面。above:在上方over:在正上方(中间有悬浮)是unde:的反义词。under:在下面。below.在下方(不一定是正下方)。(3) near, bynear:近的，
4、不远的(是far的反义词)by:在旁边，比near的距离要远。(4) between, among, aroundbetween:在两者之间among:在三者或三者以上的之中。around:环绕，在周围，在的四周。(5)in front of, behindin front of:在前面。behind:在的后边。(6)in, into, out ofin:在之内。如:into:进人(通常用于表示动作的动词之后，如:come,go , walk，jump，run等)。out of和into一样，表示一定的运动方向。 (7) along, across，through along:沿着。 acro
5、ss :横过(平面物体)。如: through:通过，贯通(穿过森林、沙漠，透过窗户)。 (8) to, for, from to:到达地点(目的地)或方向。 for:表示目的，为 from:从地点起。4.介词的其它用法 (1)表示手段和材料的介词用with, in, by with:使用工具 in:表示用什么材料(如墨水、铅笔等)或用什么语言，也可表示衣着、声音。 by:通过方法、手段。(2) of, fromof :的from:来自(某地)(3)without, like, aswithout:没有，是with的反义词like:像.一样。 as:作为。 (4) against, about
6、 against:反对，靠着。 about:关于，各处，四周。询问某人、某物如何或提出建议。5.常见的介词短语 (1)动词+介词:talk about, talk to, look at，listen to，take care of, look for等。 (2)形容词+介词 形容词+aboutcareful about小心anxious about担心形容词+atgood at擅长angry at对事发愁surprised at对惊奇形容词+forready for为准备好sorry for后悔late for迟到形容词+fromdifferent form与不同safe from安全形容词
7、+ insuccessful in在成功interested in对感兴趣形容词+ofworthy of值得proud of骄傲certain of确信afraid of害怕形容词+to similar to相似equal to等于contrary to与相反indifferent to对不在乎 形容词+with satisfied with对满意busy with忙于friendly with与.友好 (3)名词+介词 名词+for need for/of需要excuse for借口pity for怜悯 名词+in difficulty in困难progress in进步pride in骄傲
8、于 名词+of cause of原因care of注意example of例子way of的方法habit of成习惯 名词+to answer to作答attention to注意key to答案名词+withtalk with与交谈business with做生意(4)副词+介词instead of替代away from离开according to根据ahead of在前面(5)固定搭配at the moment此刻at last最后，终于at the latest最迟at once立刻at the bottom of在底部at the risk of冒险by chance偶然，碰巧by
9、turns轮流by name of名字叫by accident偶然by far得多，最for ever永远by surprise出其不意by way of经由for a change改变一下for anything先论如何for the present暂时in time及时in need of需要in fact事实上in turn依次on business出差on fire着火out of control失去控制out of breath上气不接下气to ones taste合胃口to ones benefit对有益 介词和介词短语专项练习一、选择填空:1 .Its hot_summer in
10、 Beijing. A. by B. on C. at D. in2. The desks and chairs are made _wood. A. from B. of C. by D. in3 .China is famous _ her Great Wall. A. as B. for C. to D. of4. What do you mean_saying so? A. with B. of C. for D. by5 .Taiwan is _the southeast of China. A. in B. to C. on D. at6. Our teacher told us
11、to look_the new words in the dictionary. A. for B. up C .at D. into7 .She was born_September，1990 A. at B. on C. in D. to8 .These coats are different _ the coats over there. A. in B. on C. at D. from9. Thank you very much _lending the eraser me. A. for;at B. to;to C. for;to D. to;for10. Since you ar
12、e_trouble，why not ask _ help? A. in; for B. in;to C. with;for D. with;to11 .No one can stop her_leaving for China. A. of B. from C. to D. for12一When did Mr. Green come back?一_nine oclock yesterday morning. A At B. For C. In D. On13. Mr. Ted taught English in China_1999. A. for B. since C. in D. at14
13、. Dont tell anybody about it. Keep it_you and me. A. among B. between C. in D. with15.He is a good student. He gets_well_ others.A. up;on B. in,on C. on;with D. on:at16. My father often helps me_my maths. A. of B. to C. on D. with17. Li Ping is good _maths，but he is weak_ English. A. at;at B. at;in
14、C. in，in D. in，at18. The woman_a red dress is my aunt. A. in B. at C. Of D. on19. A new bridge was built_the river. A. onB. over C. in D. of20. The girl often gets _school_8:30. A. at;in B. to;on C. at;at D. to;at21 .Walk_the bridge and youll find the post office.A. along B. through C. across D. pas
15、t22. Can you write a letter_English? A. with B. in C. by D. from23.“Whats wrong_you? The doctor asked.A. from B. with C. for D. in24. Grandma prefers tea_coffee. A. about B. to C. on D. of25 .You are getting too fat. Eating too much is bad _your health. A. for B. to C. about D. with26. Yesterday it
16、snowed. Now the roads are covered_snow. A. with B. by C. for D. m27 .Its not good to be late_school. A. on B. for C. in D. to28.Poor Tom fell_the ladder_the ground.A. off, into B. down into C. down;onto D. off; onto29. My father has gone to New York. Hell be back_four months A. after B. in C. later
17、D. for30. Is this kind of car made_Harbin? A. of B. in C. by D. from31 .Its time_supper. Lucy and Lily are sitting the table. A. to;at B. at;for C. for;on D-. for;at32. Their parents are waiting_a bus. A. to B. at C. on D. for33.Be careful when you get _ or _ the bus. A. in;off B. on;off C.on;from D
18、. in;from34.Please dont shout_the boy. He is rightA. at B. on C. with D.from35.It is dangerous_children to play_fire.A. for, with B. for,/ C. to,with D. to,/36. My friend，Miss Chen，lives_the other side of the street.A.by B. for C. in D. on37 .How far is it_his hometown_Beijing?A. between:or B. eithe
19、r:or C. both;and D. from:to38.John hit Bob_ A. in the face B. on his face C .in face D. by the face39 .If you spend_time_your studies，I am sure you will do well_them.A.in;in B.on，in C.on:on D.in;on40. Dont read_the sun,Its bad_your eyes.A. in;to B. under;to C. in;for D. under;for41 .She wanted Tom t
20、o sing_her friends. A. to B. for C .at D. into42. Marx began to learn Russian _his fifties.A. in B. at C .for D. since43._his surprise，he found the child at home. A. For B. To C. AtD. With44 .Our teachers are only strict_their work，but also strict_their students.A. in;with B.with;in C .in;in D.with:
21、with45 .How many songs had you learned_the end of last month? A. at B. on C. by D. in46. Look_ the blackboard. Dont look out _the window， A. in;from B. to;withC. to;to D. at;of47 .Open your books and turn_page 10. A. at B. to C. in D. of48 .We have no lessons_Thursday afternoon. A. on B. in C./D. at
22、49. Does he always go to work_bike or_foot? A. by;by B. on;on C. by;on D. on;by50. Toms sister had breakfast _ a hurry and went _ school. A. in,; to B. for;for C. to;to D. after; into51 .The doctor came _ time to save her life. A.in B.on C.at D. before52. There is a . big lake_the foot_the mountain.
23、 A. on;to B. of;of C. to; with D. at;of53 .All the people were sad_the news.A. to B. for C. at D. with54.I was good _ learning _ others.A. in;to B. in;inC. at;from D. at;/55.Its very important_.me to say something _ you.A. for; forB. to;to C. for，to D. to，for56.There is a big hole_the front wall and
24、 two beautiful pictures_the back wall.A. in;in B. in,on C. on，on D. on，in57. It is very kind_you to help me. A. to B. for C. of D. on58.She arrived in Shanghai_the afternoon_her birthday. A. in;of B. on;of C. on;to D. at;in59.My sister wanted to have a bike_her own. A. on B. to C. of D. by60.The you
25、ng man spent a lot of money_his clothes. A.in B.WtC1 C.to D.on61.How are you getting_your work?. A. on with B. up with C. along for D. among to62.The boy asked his father_a bottle of water. A. to B. for C. with D. in63.China is_East Asia.Japan, is_the east of China.A.in:to B. to;in C. on;to D.on;in6
26、4 .There is nothing in our bedroom，_a new bed. A. and B. without C. with D. except65 .The bag_the way must be moved away. A. in B. by C. on D. at66. The new houses were built_young trees. A. among B. on C. with D. into67 .Dont write _ black pencil or_blue ink. A. in a; in B. in; with C. with; with D
27、. with a;in68. The maxi turned the key_the lock and opened the door. A. to B. in C. on D. with69. You can do the cleaning all_yourself. A. by B. to C. for D. with70. There is something wrong with his bike，so he came here_his girlfriends. A. by B. in C. with D. on71 .Children in western countries can
28、 usually get all kinds of presents_Christmas and_their birthdays. A. on ; on B. in;at C. at ; on D. by ; on72. The two rooms are _the same size. A. at B. for C. on D. of73. About 100 people entered_the classroom. A. to B. in C. into D./74. Mr. Brown sat back _ a smile _ his face. A. with ; on B. wit
29、h ; in C. for; on D. with ; at75. We cant live_ water _ air A. with; and B. without; or C. for; on D. with;at76. Mary found a small bag _the ground _ the way to school. A.on ;on B. on.in C.in.by D.in; at77. The boat is passing_the bridge. A. across B. through C. into D. cross78. My room is_the second floor. A. at B. on C. in D. to79. My uncle lives_105 Beijing Street. A. on B.
