1、五年高考英语试题分类解析 代词2010-2014高考英语试题分类解析代 词 (2014安徽卷)24You can ask anyone for help. _ here is willing to lend you a hand.A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone 【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。one意为“某一个人或物”，代替可数名词单数，表示泛指；no one相当于nobody意为“没有人”；everyone意为“每个人”，强调全体；someone意为“某一个人”。根据句意可知，空格处用everyo
2、ne，强调所有人都愿意帮助你。故C正确。(2014山东卷)4. Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her 【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：苏珊向我讲清楚了希望有自己的新生活。It可代替不定式、动名词、从句做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的宾语从句that she wished to make a new life for herself。故C正确。(2014福建卷) 21. In some co
3、untries, people eat with chopsticks, while in_, knives and forks.A. another B. others C. both D. all【答案】B 【解析】考查代词。句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而在另一些国家里，人们使用刀叉。Another泛指指三者或三者以上中的另一个；others泛指其他的人或物；both指两者都；all指三者或三者以上都。句中用others指代其他国家。故B正确。(2014江苏卷)34. Good families are much to all their members, but_ to none.
4、A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：优秀的家庭对家庭成员们来说意义重大，却不代表一切。something意为“某些事情，重要人物”；anything意为“任何事情”；everything意为“每件事物，最重要的东西，（有关的）一切，万事”；nothing意为“没有东西，没有事情，无关紧要的东西”。根据句意可知C正确。(2014江西卷)32.When shall I call, in the morning or afternoon?_. Ill be in all day .A. Any B. No
5、ne C. Neither D. Either 【答案】D【解析】考查代词。句意：我什么时候可给你电话？早上还是下午？都行，我一直都在。根据句意可知，回话者可在早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择。Either表示(两者之中)任一。故D正确。(2014全国大纲卷)28. I think Mrs. Stark could be _ between 50 and 60 years of age. A. anywhere B. anybody C. anyhow D. anything 【答案】A【解析】考查代词。我认为Mrs. Stark可能是在50岁至60岁之间的一个年龄。anywhere意为“在(限
6、定范围内的)任何一点上”；anybody意为“任何人”；anyhow意为“无论如何，不管怎么样”；anything意为“任何事”。根据句意可知，题中anywhere意为“（指某个范围内）任何一点上”。如：During the hottest season, a deep watering may satisfy a tree for anywhere from ten days to four weeks.在最热的季节，浇透一次可以满足任何地方的树木十天到四个星期的需求。故A正确。(2014陕西卷)21. Id appreciate _ if you could let me know in
7、advance whether or not you will come.A. it B. you C. one D. this【答案】A【解析】考查代词。句意：如果你能提前让我知道你是否要回来我会感激不尽。I would appreciate it if/when为固定句型，句中it模糊地指代其它的内容。再如：I hate it when people speak with their mouth full of food. 我憎恨人们说话的时候嘴里充满食物。【语言学习】 in advanceYoull have to book (up) well in advance if you wan
8、t to see an excellent floor show. 如果你想看夜总会精彩的系列文娱表演，你得提前很多预订座位。(2014四川卷)1. Shed lived in London and Manchester, but she liked _ and moved to Cambridge. A. both B. neither C. none D. either 【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意：她曾在伦敦和曼彻斯特居住,但她都不喜欢，于是迁居到剑桥。None用于三者或三者以上否定词，neither用于二者的完全否定。语境表明空格处用表示二者完全否定的不定代词。故B正确。(2014
9、浙江卷)3. An average of just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year, making _ the driest year since California became a state in 1850.A. each B. it C. This D. one【答案】B【解析】考查为代词。句意：去年加利福尼亚平均降雨量仅为18.75厘米，成为加州自1850年成为州以来最干旱的一年。根据语境可知空格处用it指代last year。故B正确。(2014重庆卷)1. A smile costs _, but gives much. A. anything
10、B. something C. nothing D. everything【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：微笑不计成本，但给与别人很多。nothing意为“极低的价格， 极低的价值”。根据语境可知C项正确。【语言学习】cost1. 花费；价格为；值 It must cost a good deal to live here. 住在这里一定要花很多钱的。2. 使付出；使损失，使失去 Careless driving cost him his life. 开车不小心使他丧了命。3. 需(努力)；费(事) Courtesy costs little and means much. 礼貌不费事，意义
11、却很大。1.【2013陕西】22. Although Rosemary had suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost_ of her enthusiasm for life.A. some B. neither C. none D. all【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：虽然Rosemary这些年患上了一种严重的疾病，但是她并没丧失对生活的一点热情。语境表明空格处用否定词；而neither指两者，不能选择。2.【2013重庆31】 Recycling is one way to protect the environment;
12、 reusing is_.A. another B. the other C. one another D. one【答案】A【解析】考查代词用法。another（泛指）另一个，再一个；oneanother为固定用法。句意：回收是保护环境的一种方式；再利用是另一种方式。the other（特指）两者中的另一个；one another互相。3.【2013辽宁29】To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then _ of her colleagues.A. that B. one C. ones D. those【
13、答案】A【解析】考查代词。that替代不可数名词trust避免重复。如果替代可数名词复数用those或the ones。句意：让Della高兴的是她先赢得了学生的信任，然后赢得了同事的信任。【语言学习】earn1. 挣得(工资、薪水等)，挣钱，谋生to earn ones living谋生She earned her living as an interpreter. 她靠当译员谋生。2. 应得，值得He received more than he has earned. 他得到超过应得的报酬。3.赢得，获得；使得到： to earn a reputation for honesty 博得诚实
14、的美名His accomplishments earned respect for him. 他的成就赢得了人们的尊敬。4.【2013福建35】A society cannot be successful if it throws tradition away, but it cannot be successful _ if we do something to stop progress.A. either B. neither C. too D. also【答案】A【解析】考查副词用法。either 【用于否定句或否定词组后】也(不)，亦。句意：一个社会如果丢掉了其传统不可能会成功如果，
15、但是一个社会如果阻止进步也不会成功。5.【2013浙江11】Half of _ surveyed in 16 countries say they go first to their closest friend to share their deepest wishes and darkest fears.A. these B. some C. ones D. those【答案】D【解析】考查代词。横线后有后置定语surveyed in 16 countries，用those表示特指。句意：被调查的那些人中的一半讲他们找最亲密的朋友分享最真诚的祝福和最可怕的恐惧。6.【2013江西23】_
16、can be good at something for 40 years if he doesnt love it. A. Anybody B. Everybody C. Nobody D. Somebody【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：如果不喜欢做，不可能会有人40年都擅长做一件事。语境表明空格处用否定词。7. 【2013新课标II卷14】 Its an either-or situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do_.A. others B. either C. ano
17、ther D. both【答案】D【解析】考查代词。Notboth两者不完全否定。句意：这是个二选一的情形要么今年买辆新车，要么去度假，但我们不能两件事都做。either两者中任意一个，another三者或三者以上中任意一个。8.【2013安徽27】 This project requires close teamwork. _ will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything【答案】A【解析】考查不定代词。句意：该项目需要密切合作。除非合作顺利，否则不
18、会有任何成就。9.【2013天津12】At our factory there are a few machines similar to_ described in this magazine.A. them B. these C. those D. ones【答案】C【解析】考查代词。比较对象的替代以用that替代不可数名词，those替代可数名词复数，空格处用those替代machines避免重复。句意：在我们工厂有些与这份杂志中描述相似的机器。【语言学习】be similar toLet us suppose another planet with conditions similar
19、 to those on the earth. 让我们假定另外有一个具有和地球上相似条件的行星。The example that the researcher gave was similar to what happened this morning. 研究人员所举的例子跟我今天早上发生的事很相似。10.【2013山东21】 Ive lived in New York and Chicago, but dont like _ of them very much. A. either B. any C. each D. another 【答案】A【解析】考查代词用法。句意：我在纽约和芝加哥居住
20、过，但这两个地方我都不很喜欢。Noteither相当于neither两者都不。11.【2013四川2】The traffic on the main streets has a longer green signal than_ on the small ones.A. one B. this C. that D. it【答案】C【解析】考查代词用法。句意：大街的绿灯信号比小街上的更长。that特指，指代green signal不可数名词避免重复。one泛指，同类不同体；it同类同体。12.【2013上海26】Those who smoke heavily should remind _ of
21、 health, the bad smell and the feelings of other people.A. theirs B. them C. themselves D. oneself【答案】C【解析】考查代词。句意：那些烟瘾很大的人应该提醒自己注意健康，难闻的气味以及他人的感受。句意表明用反身代词做宾语。【2012全国II 9】Sarah made _ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning.A. herself B. this C. that D. it 【答案】D【解析】考查固定用法。make i
22、t to(接宾语) 赶上，找到；到达；及时赶到；（时间上）赶得及。句意：莎拉今天早上成功地及时到达机场赶上了她的航班。make it to I left late, and made it to Vancouver as planned, though at 12:30 at night. 我出发晚了点，虽然晚上12：30才到，但还是按照计划到达了温哥华。But, some products, like some soft drinks, make it to every village in the world. 但是，一些新产品，像一些软饮料却能够达及世界的每一个村庄。【2012四川卷2】
23、 New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. that B. this C. one D. it 【答案】 D 【解析】考查人称代词。it替代动词不定式作形式宾语，形成句型： make + it + adj. + to do。句意：新兴科技已经使得更快、以便宜地生产新产品成为可能。动词believe, think, consider, feel, make等后常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式短语置于句末以保持句子的平衡。【2012江西卷23】
24、 My brother would like to buy a good watch but_ was available from that shop. Anothing Bnone Cno one Dneither【答案】B【解析】考查不定代词。none既可指人也可指物，相当于“no + 名词”， 空格处信息为no watch。句意：我弟弟想买一个块较好的手表但没有买到。 nothing指物，什么都不是； no one只能指人；neither表两者都不。【2012重庆卷21】John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday?_. Ill
25、be off to London then. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None【答案】B【解析】考查不定代词。Neither两者都不。题只信息Ill be off to London then.表明星期三或者星期五都不行，所以选择B项。句意：约翰,我们什么时候再见面,星期四或星期五?这两天都不行。我要去伦敦。【2012北京卷】 If youre buying todays paper from the stand, could you get_ for me?A. one B. such C. this D. that【答案】A【解析】考查不定代词。On
26、e泛指，代替上文提到过的paper(newspaper)避免重复。句意：如果你去报摊上买今天的报纸，给我捎回一份行吗？【2012浙江卷5】Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to_ of McDonalds.A. those B. ones C. any D. all【答案】A【解析】 考查指示代词。Those特指，复数, 指代前面出现的many of the items避免重复。Ones复数，泛指；any任何一个；all全部。【2012江苏卷23】Sophia waited for a reply,
27、 but _ came.A. either B. another C. neither D. none【答案】D【解析】考查不定代词。none三者或三者以上都不，既可指人也可指物，相当于“no + 名词”， 空格处信息为no reply。句意：索菲娅等答复，但没有任何回应。语境表明空格处用表示否定意义的代词。neither两者都不。【2012陕西卷13】 No matter where he is, he makes _ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. A. him B this C. that D. it 【答案】D 【解析】考查人称代词。
28、it替代动词不定式作形式宾语。句意：无论在哪里,他把去早餐前散步作为一条规定。动词believe, think, consider, feel, make等后常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语动词不定式短语置于句末以保持句子的平衡。【2012全国新课程31】 Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but_ of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. either B. any C. neither D. none【答案】C【解析】考查不定代词。neither两者都不。题
29、中谈及两人，信息because they have work to do表明他俩都不想去。句意：拉里请求彼得和比尔一起去野餐，但他们俩都不想去，因为都要工作。【2012山东卷21】. When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or _.A. whoever B. wherever C. whatever D. however【答案】A【解析】考查代词的用法。whoever任何人，无论谁，作介词的宾语。句意：你看完书后，把书给露西或海伦，或其它任何人。【2011全国卷II 11】I got this bicycl
30、e for_; My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one. A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing【答案】D【解析】考查复合不定代词。get something for nothing免费得到 ；不劳而获。句意：我免费得到得了自行车；我朋友买了辆新车，就把旧车给了我。注意：for表示交换。【语言学习】For 以价格(或支付)；换，交换；作为的补偿： I paid $50 for it.我花了50美元买它。【2011北京卷34】The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase_.A. them B. those C. it D. that【答案】C【解析】考查人称代词。It指代同类同体的东西。句意：多亏当地政府的努力，大城市里的就业率持续升高。it代指前面交代过的名词短语the employment rate避免重复。注意：them复数，不能误选。【2011天津卷1】We feel_ our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B
