高考英语全国通用版优编增分考前冲刺卷二精校解析Word版.docx
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高考英语全国通用版优编增分考前冲刺卷二精校解析Word版.docx
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高考英语全国通用版优编增分考前冲刺卷二精校解析Word版
高考考前冲刺卷
(二)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Evenifyouarenaturallyshy,thesethreetrickswillhelpyoutoquicklybuildanewsocialcircleinanynewcity.
1.Takepictures
Oneofthegreatthingsabouttakingpicturesataneventorpartyisthatitgivesyouanexcusetogetintouchwiththepersonlater.Everybodylovesseeingpicturesofthemselves,andit’sveryeasyaftertakingapicturetosay“Ifyou’dlikeIcanemailittoyou.”Thiscanbetheseedthatleadstonewconnections.Thenexttimeyouhearaboutafuneventemailyournewcontactstoletthemknowaboutit.
2.Eataloneinpublic
Youmightfeelself-consciouseatingbyyourselfbutithasanimportantbenefit:
youaremucheasiertoapproachwhenyouarealone.Peoplemaybeafraidofinterruptingyouorbeingrudeifyouareinaconversationwithsomeoneelse.Bringabookornewspapertoread(thiswillmakeyoufeellessself-conscious).Plus,havinganinterestingbookwithyouwillgiveothersanexcusetostartaconversationifthey’vereadit.
3.Joinaclass,sportsteam,orclub
Yoga,salsadancing,volleyball,Toastmasters(apublicspeakingclub),aclassforwork,etc.Takeupanewhobbyorcontinueanoldone!
Theseareallgreatplacestomeetnewpeople,primarilybecauseyouwillbeforcedtoseethesamepeopleoverandoveragainintheclass.Youwillautomaticallymakefriendswiththemifyouhaveacommoninterestandareforcedtoseeeachotheragain.
Tips:
Inthebeginning,neverturndownaninvitationfromsomeone,evenifit’ssomethingyouwouldn’tnormallydo.
Emailyournewfriendswithfunthingstodoinsteadofalwaysaskingwhattheirplansare.Iftheyhaveabetterplanyoucandropyoursandjointhem.Thiswillhelpestablishyouassomeonewhoiscontributingvalueinsteadofjusttakingit(peoplewantthisinafriend).
Don’tletlittlethingsinlifeupsetyouorbeanegativeperson.Peopledon’twanttobearoundsomeonelikethat!
21.cangiveyouanexcusetostartnewconnections.
A.Takingpicturesofothers
B.Eatingbyyourselfinpublic
C.Readinginterestingbooks
D.Joiningingroupactivities
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第1点建议的第一句“Oneofthegreatthingsabouttakingpicturesataneventorpartyisthatitgivesyouanexcusetogetintouchwiththepersonlater.”可知,帮别人拍照可以为以后和别人联系找到借口。
故选A。
22.Whenhavingmeals,you’dbetterifyouwanttomakenewfriends.
A.approachotherstoshowconsciousfriendliness
B.startaconversationwiththosewhohavefriendsaside
C.sitonyourowninpublicplaces
D.inviteotherstoyourapartmenttoeattogether
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
根据第2点建议的第一句“Youmightfeelself-consciouseatingbyyourselfbutithasanimportantbenefit:
youaremucheasiertoapproachwhenyouarealone.”可知,你一个人吃饭自己可能会觉得不自在,但它有一个重要的好处:
如果你一个人吃饭,很有可能别人过来和你同坐,那么你就可以交到新朋友。
分析选项可知C项正确。
23.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanadvantageofjoiningaclass?
A.Itisagoodwaytomeetnewpeopleandmakefriendsinanewcity.
B.Ithelpsyoufindoutpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestwithyou.
C.Itoffersanopportunitytomeetthesamepeoplerepeatedly.
D.Ithelpsyoufindoutyourinterestandtakeupanewhobby.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第3点建议中的第二段可知文中提到了B、C、D三项,没有提到A项。
故选A。
24.Whichofthefollowingpiecesofadviceisatipfromthetext?
A.Trytobeoutgoingandtalkativeinsteadofbeingshy.
B.Neverturndownaninvitationfromyourfriends.
C.Alwaysgiveapositiveresponsetoanyrequest.
D.Offersuggestionsonhowtospendtimetogether.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
第二个tip里面提到“Emailyournewfriendswithfunthingstodoinsteadofalwaysaskingwhattheirplansare.Iftheyhaveabetterplanyoucandropyoursandjointhem.”给你的新朋友发些有趣的事,不要老是问他们的计划是什么。
如果他们有一个更好的计划,你可以放弃你的,加入他们。
由句意可知,这是让读者提出怎样一起度过的建议。
分析选项可知D项符合题意。
故选D项。
B
(2018·湖南高三34校联考)
Dodderisanunusualandunwantedplantthatattacksotherplants.Exceptforitsflowers,theplantlookslikespaghetti,akindofnoodlesintheshapeoflongthinpiecesthatlooklikestringwhentheyarecooked.Itsalmostleafless,thread-likestems(茎)hangdownontopofotherplantsthatdodderneedstostayalive.Dodderdoesnotproduceitsownfood.Instead,itstealsfoodfromotherplants.Itfeedsbysuckingjuicesfromtheplantwhichiswrappedaround,oftenmakingitshostveryweakorevenkillingit.
Doddercanfindotherplantsbytheirsmell.Whenayoungdodderplantstartsgrowing,itfollowsthesmellofplantsitprefers,liketomatoplants,potatoplants,orotherfarmcrops.Unlikemostplantsthatusuallygrowinthedirectionoflightorwarmth,adodderplantwillgrowinthedirectionof,forexample,tomatosmell—ifatomatohappenstobegrowingnearby.
However,ayoungdodderplantmustfindahostplantquickly.Itnolongerneedsitsrootonceitisattachedtothehostandwrappedaroundit.Ifitcannotcatchasmellofapotentialhostwithinafewdays,itwilldryupanddisappear—evenifthereisplentyofwateraround.Onceitfindsahost,theyoungdodderplantwillattachitselftoitandstartgrowingfaster.Atthatpointthedodderplantwilldropitsroot.
Dodderisthusadifficultweedtomanageandarealheadacheforfarmers.Whenitdoesgetoutofhand,doddercangreatlyreduceafarmer’sharvestorevendestroycropscompletely.Beforesowingtheirproduce,especiallyfarmersinwarmpartsoftheworldoftenchecktomakesurenounwanteddodderseedshavemixedwiththeircropseeds.Thisisagoodwaytostopdodderplantsfrommakingtheirwaytoacropfieldsecretly.
25.Whydoestheauthormentionspaghettiinthefirstparagraph?
A.Toanalyzethecontentofsomefood.
B.Todescribetheshapeofdodderplants.
C.Toexplainwherethedodderplantscomefrom.
D.Toarguethatdodderplantscanbeused.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。
根据第一段中的“theplantlookslikespaghetti,akindofnoodlesintheshapeoflongthinpiecesthatlooklikestringwhentheyarecooked”可知,作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的事物来说明菟丝子的形状,故选B。
26.Whatwillhappenifadodderplantstartsgrowingwheretherearenootherplantsaround?
A.Itwilldiesoonerorlater.
B.Itwillgrowdeeproots.
C.Itwillattractotherplants.
D.Itwillcovertheentireareaofsoil.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第三段中的“Ifitcannotcatchasmellofapotentialhostwithinafewdays,itwilldryupanddisappear—evenifthereisplentyofwateraround.”可知,菟丝子如果找不到可以攀附的植物,它就会干枯死亡。
故选A。
27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A.Dodderdoesnotproduceitsownfood.
B.Doddercanaffectfarmers’income.
C.Doddercanonlysurviveintheshade.
D.Dodderonlygrowsinthewarmareas.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“Whenitdoesgetoutofhand,doddercangreatlyreduceafarmer’sharvestorevendestroycropscompletely.”可知,当它失控时,菟丝子可以大大减少农民的收成,甚至完全毁坏庄稼。
由此可见菟丝子会影响农民们的收入。
C、D两项说法错误,A项正确,但文中有原句,不是推断出来的。
故选B。
28.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?
A.Anewvarietyoffarmcrops.
B.Plantsthatareharmfultohumans.
C.Thespecialabilitiesofadangerousplant.
D.Recentimprovementsinfarmingmethods.
答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。
根据首句“Dodderisanunusualandunwantedplantthatattacksotherplants.”和下文对dodder特殊生长习性和危害的叙述可知,本文主要在介绍这种特殊的又有危害的植物,C项是本文的主题,故选C。
C
Shouldweallowmodernbuildingstobebuiltnexttoolderbuildingsinahistoricareaofacity?
Inordertoanswerthisquestion,wemustfirstexaminewhetherpeoplereallywanttopreservethehistoricfeelofanarea.Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.However,theremaybeotherreasons—forexample,economicreasons—whytheyshouldbepreserved.So,letusassumethathistoricalbuildingsarebothattractiveandimportanttothemajorityofpeople.Whatshouldwedothenifanewbuildingisneeded?
Inmyview,newarchitecturalstylescanexistperfectlywellalongsideanolderstyle.Indeed,therearemanyexamplesinmyownhometownofTourswheremoderndesignshavebeenplacedverysuccessfullynexttooldbuildings.Aslongasthebuildinginquestionispleasinganddoesnotdominate(影响)itssurroundingstoomuch,itoftenimprovestheattractivenessofthearea.
Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbuildingswhichhavespoilt(破坏)theareatheyarein,butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.Yetpeoplestillspeakagainstnewbuildingsinhistoricareas.Ithinkthisissimplybecausepeoplearenaturallyconservative(保守的)anddonotlikechange.
Althoughwehavetorespectpeople’sfeelingsasfellowusersofthebuildings,Ibelievethatitisthedutyofthearchitectandplannertomovethingsforward.Ifwealwaysreproducedwhatwastherebefore,wewouldallstillbelivingincaves.Thus,Iwouldargueagainstcopyingpreviousarchitecturalstylesandchoosesomethingfreshanddifferent,eventhoughthatmightbethemoreriskychoice.
29.Whatdoestheauthorsayabouthistoricalbuildingsinthefirstparagraph?
A.Mostofthemaretooexpensivetopreserve.
B.Theyaremorepleasingthanmodernbuildings.
C.Theyhavenothingtodowiththehistoricfeelofanarea.
D.Someofthemarenotattractive.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一段第三句“Notallhistoricalbuildingsareattractive.”可知,并非所有的历史建筑都有吸引力。
故D项正确。
30.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheauthor?
A.Someoldbuildingshavespoilttheareatheyarein.
B.Weshouldreproducethesameoldbuildings.
C.Buildingsshouldnotdominatetheirsurroundings.
D.Nooneunderstandswhypeoplespeakagainstnewbuildings.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。
根据第三段第一句“Itistruethatthereareexamplesofnewbuildingswhichhavespoilt(破坏)theareatheyarein,butthesamecanbesaidofsomeoldbuildingstoo.”可知,作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了它们所在地区的环境,所以选A项。
31.Byusingthewords“movethingsforward”inthelastparagraph,theauthorprobablymeans“”.
A.destroyoldbuildings
B.putthingsinadifferentplace
C.choosenewarchitecturalstyles
D.respectpeople’sfeelingsforhistoricalbuil
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