英语导游词补订版最终版.docx
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英语导游词补订版最终版.docx
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英语导游词补订版最终版
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£¨×ÔÎÒ½éÉÜ£©Dearguests,
WelcometotheSummerPalace.IamyourtourguideWangXiaozhou.(youcancallmeJohn)Iamverygladtohelpyouhaveagoodtimeinthispalace.Duringourvisittoday,Iwilltalkaboutthehistoryandcultureofthisoldpalace,showyouthebueatifullandscapesandletyouexperiencethewarmthandsincerityofallourstaffsinthesummerpalace.
£¨¶«¹¬ÃÅ£©Nowwearestandinghereattheeastpalacegate,themainentranceofthesummerpalace.Undertheroofthereisaplaque,withthreechinesecharactersonit:
YiHeYuan.Yimeanscultivatingthepeopleingoodhealth;Hemeanscalmandharmony.Therefore,theplaquemeanscultivatingaperson¡¯scharacter,makehimcalmandgivehimalonglife.Thisplaqueiscalled9dragonsgoldplaque.Ifyoulookatitcarefully,you¡¯llfindthereareninepowerfuldragonspaintedwithgoldpainting.IthasthehighestgradeofalltheplaqueintheQingDynasty.
Look,therearethreedoorwaysatthisgate.Thecenturaldoorwayrepresentsthehighestpowerandreservedsolelyfortheemperor,empressandempressdowager.Otherscanonlyusethesidedoorways.Today,Iwouldliketoinviteallofyoutoenterthepalacethroughthecenturaldoorwaytohavethetasteofhowitwasliketobeanemperororanemperess.
£¨ÒúÍÔ°µÄÐ˽¨ÀúÊ·£©Thesummerpalacewasfirststartedin1750duringthegoldernageoftheQingdynasty.Atthattime,Chinahasvastterritoriesandgreatpower.ThereigningemperorofthetimewasemperorQianlong,the4themperoroftheQingdynasty.RelyingonhisdeepunderstandingofChineseancientgardern,hissupremepowerandthebrimmingnationalcoffers,hedecidedtobuildagardeninwestBeijing¡°tofacilitateirrigationandtocelebratehismother¡¯sbirthday¡±.HepickedupanideallocationatthefootoftheYanshanmontainstobuildthismostexquisitegarden.HeborrowedalltheexcellentgardeningtechniquesfromclassicalChinesegarderns,inheritedalltheachievementsofalltheimperialgardens,andgetheredalargenumberofthescaftsmenandartists.Theprojectlastedatotalof15yearsandthegardenwasfirstnamedQingyiYuan,thegardernofClearRipples.ItrepresentedtheultimateachievementofChineesegardenculture.However,unfortunately,in1860,thegardenofClearRipples,togetherwithYuanmingYuan,wasravagedandburntdownbytheinvadingAnglo-FrenceAllidForce.In1888,EmpressDowagerCiXiorderedtorebuildthispalaceontheremainsoftheClearRippleGardenandrenameditYiheYuan,knownbetterasthesummerpalacetoday.Thesummerpalaceisthelargestandbestreservedimperialgardenintheworldtodayandcarriesrichculturalconnotation.Itisknownasthemuseumofimperialgardens.In1998,theSummerPalacewasinscribedinthetheWorldCultureHeritageListbyUNESCOandwasrecognizedtorepresentorientalgardenculture.
£¨µØͼ½éÉÜ£©Thesummerpalace,mainlycomposedofthelongevityHillandtheKunmingLake,coversanareaof302hectares,withwatersurfacetakingupthreequartersofthisareaandatotalfloorspaceof70,000squaremeters.HereI¡¯dliketoshowyoutherouteofourvisittoday.Nowweareattheplacewheretheemperorusedtodealwiththegovernmentaffairs,thenwewillhavealookatthebuildingswheretheemprerorlived,watchthebeautifulsceneryoftheLongevityHillandtheKunmingLakealongthelongcorridor,seetheMarbleBoatandkeepgoingtothebackoftheHill.We¡¯llfinishourvisitatthebridgeofSuzhoustreet.Itwilltakeusabouttwohoursinall.Nowlet¡¯senterethecourtyardthroughthecentralofRenshouMen,thegateofbenevolenceandlongevity.
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£¨ÈÊÊÙÃÅ£©LookatthisTaihuRock!
Itisstandingtherelikeashadowscreen,sothatwecannotseebehindthisrockimmediatelywhenweenterthemainentrance.ItisoneofatypicaltechniqueinancientChinesegardens-theblockingmethod.Sincechinesegardensattachgreatimportancetodifferenttiresofsightstoattractvisitorsdeeperanddeeper,thebiggesttabooistoshoweverythingallatonce.Solet¡¯simaginehowitwouldbelikebehindthelargerock.Whydon'twegoaroundittohavealook.Maybeyouwillgetabigsurprise.
(֏֑)Lookatthisstrangeanimal!
Haveyoueverseenitinourdailylives?
Iamsureyouhaven¡¯t.WecallthisanimalQilin.Ithastheheadofadragon,hornofadeer,tailofalionandhoovesofabull.
Itsbodyiscoverdwithscalesandlacedwithframepatterns.Althoughthisanimalneverexistedonearth,ancientChinesecraftsmenmadeitaliveandvivid.Qinlinisthesymboleofprosperityandgoodluck.Wheneveritappears,itbringsprosperityandpeace.
£¨ÈÊÊٵThisspacioushalliscalledRenshouDian,theHallofBenevolenceandLongevity.Itusedtobethegovernmentcenterinthesummerpalace.Itwasfirstbuiltin1750andnamedQinzhengDian,HallofDiligenetGovernment.EmperorQianlongsetarulethatalltheaudiencehallshouldbenamedQinzhengDianinordertoremindalltheemperorstobediligentintheirwork.EmperorJiaqing,asonofemperorQianlong,oncesaidinoneofhisarticles¡°OnDiligentGovernment¡±:
¡°whentheemperorisdiligent,thecountryiswellruled,whereasiftheemperorisslack,thecoumtrywillbeindanger.¡±Sodiligentgovernmentplaysanimportantroleinthedestinyofthewholecountry.WhentheSummerwasrebuitafterthebigfire,emperessdowagerCixirenameditRenshouDian,HallofBenevolenceandLongevity.Thisnamecamefromthesentence¡°RenZheshou¡±inTheAnalectsofConfuciustosingifythatthebenevolentrulerswillenjoyalonglife.Cixi¡¯sgreathopewaseverlastinglife,therefore,manydecorationswereaddedinthishalltosymbolizelongevity.Nowlet¡¯slookupatthegraytilesontheroof.Attheendofeachtile,thereisaChinesecharacter¡°Shou¡±whichmeanslongevity.Thereare412oftheminall.Pleaselookthisway.UnderthebigplaquehangingontopofthethornewasamirrorscreeninscribedwiththeChinesecharacter¡°Shou¡±.Thereare266suchcharactersalltogether.Look,thereisahugecalligraphyscrollhangingfromthewallfacingthegate.ThereareabigchinesecharacterShouwrittenonit,sorroundedby100bats,whichsignifygreatfortuneandhappiness.ItissaidthebigcharacteriswrittenbyEmpressDowagerCixi.SowemaylearnthatCixiusedhundredsofShoucharactersinorahoutthisbuildingtoexpressherdesireforlongevity.
Theinterordecorationofthehallhasbeenkeptinitsoriginalstate.Onthecenteralplatformstandsafinelymadesandalwoodcarvedthroneandtheaccompanyinglongtable,surroundedbyfansandincenseburners.WhenCixibeganhermorningcourteveryday,candleswerelitonthecranelamps,sandlewoodincensewasburntinthetripodburnertocreateabright,cloudyandsolemnatmosphere.
Nowpleaselookatthesetwopairsofdragonsandphoenixes.Theywerethesymbolsoftheemperorsandemperessduringthefeudaldynasties.Eachwithaholeintheback,theywerealsousedasinsenseburners.Butifyou¡¯vebeentothepalacemuseum,youmaynoticedthatallthedragonsandphoenixesstandinginfrontofthehallareplacedbyadifferentorder.Accordingtotheconvention,dragonsshouldbepalcedinthemiddletopresentthesupremepoweroftheemperor.Butwhyhereisnot?
ItisrelatedtotheEmpressDowagerCixi.Asafemale,shereinedChinaaslongas48years.ThephoenixesinthemiddlemetaphorthatExpressDowgerCixiistherealownerofthesummerpalace.Youempreorshouldbestandingaside.Thisway,please.Look
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asthisvat.Canyouguesswhatroledoesitplayedhere?
Weknowthatmostoftheancientarchitecturesaremadeofwood.Yes,itisusedforfireprevention.Nowyoumayask,¡°itiscoldinwinterhereinBeijing,whathappensifthewaterinthevatfreezesover?
¡±Pleaselookhere.Thereisasmallopeningatthebackofmarblestandofthevat,withahollowinside.Inwinter,workmenlitafireinthishollowtoheatthevat,sometimestheyputawoodencoverontopofthevat,sothatthewaterwouldnotfreeze.
(ÑÓÄê¾®)nowherewecometoawell,thewellofalonglife.Youmayfeelcuriousaboutthewell¡¯sname.Thereisastoryaboutthiswell.Itissaidoncewhencixitookatourinthegarden,shegotaheatstroke.atthattime,shewesabout70yearsold.Soshebecameverysickandallherprivatedoctorsfelttheycouldnothingtoit.Butaftercixidrankthewaterliftedupfromthiswell,shesurprisinglycamebacktohealth.Soshegavethiswellthisname.
£¨µÂºÍÔ°ÕûÌå½éÉÜ£©ThenextplacewewillvisitisDeheYuan,thegardenofvirtueandharmony.ItistheplacewhereEmpressDowagerCixiandEmperorGuangxuusedtowatchpekingopera.ItismainlycomposedoftheGreatStageandYiLeDian,thehallofharmonyandhappiness.Itwasstartedin1891andfinishedin1895.Itcost710,000taelsofsilver,thesencondlargestprogrammeinthesummerpalace.Nowhereisashadowscreenstandinginforntofus.WecanseethatthereisaChinesecharacterShou,sorroundedby5bats,thereareanother4batsatthecorners.Thereare9batsinallonthisshadowscreen.9isconsideredtobethelargestnumberinancientChina.Itisthesymbolofprosperityandlonginquity.
£¨°çÏ·Â¥½éÉÜ£©Let¡¯sgoaheadtohavealookattheinsideofthisbuilding.Thisbuildingiscalledthemake-upbuilding.Operaactorsandactressesusedtomakeupthemselvesbeforetheygouptothestage.Herenowareexh
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