职称英语卫生类B阅读理解完形填空王霞字典版.docx
- 文档编号:11763145
- 上传时间:2023-06-02
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:34
- 大小:43.18KB
职称英语卫生类B阅读理解完形填空王霞字典版.docx
《职称英语卫生类B阅读理解完形填空王霞字典版.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《职称英语卫生类B阅读理解完形填空王霞字典版.docx(34页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
职称英语卫生类B阅读理解完形填空王霞字典版
17.EatingPotatoesGivesYourImmuneSystemaBoost
Eatingpotatoesisnotonlygoodforbowelhealth,butalsoforthewholeimmunesystem,especiallywhencomeintheformofapotatosaladoreatencold.Inastudyonananimalmodel,researchersinSpainfoundthatpigsfedlargequantitiesofrawpotatostarch(RPS)notonlyhadahealthierbowel,butalsodecreasedlevelsofwhitebloodcells,suchasleucocytesandlymphocytesintheirblood.Whitebloodcellsareproducedasaresultofinflammationordisease,generallywhenthebodyischallenged.
Thegeneraldown-regulationofleucocytesobservedbytheSpanishresearcherssuggestsanoverallbeneficialeffect,agenerallymorehealthybody.Thereductioninleucocytelevelswasabout15percent.Lowerlymphocytelevelsarealsoindicativeofreducedlevelsofinflammation,buttheobservedreductioninbothlymphocytedensityandlymphocyteapoptosisissurprising.
Inwhatwasthelongeststudyofitskind,pigswerefedRPSover14weekstofindouttheeffectofstarchonbowelhealth.“Theuseofrawpotatostarchinthisexperimentisdesignedtosimulatetheeffectsofadiethighinresistantstarch,”saidstudyleaderJoseFranciscoPerezattheUniversitatAutonomadeBarcelona,Spain.
Humansdonoteatrawpotatoes,buttheydoeatalotoffoodsthatcontainresistantstarch,suchascoldboiledpotatoes,legumes,grains,greenbananas,pastaandcereals.About10percentofthestarcheatenbyhumanisresistantstarch-starchthatisnotdigestedinthesmallintestineandsoisshuntedintothelargeintestinewhereitferments.Starchconsumptionisthoughttoreducetheriskoflargebowelcancerandmayalsohaveaneffectonirritablebowelsyndrome(IBS).
ImmunologyexpertLenaOhman’steampreviouslyfoundthattheoveralllymphocytelevelsdonotvaryforIBSpatients,butthatlymphocytesaretransferredfromtheperipheralbloodtothegut,whichsupportthehypothesisifIBSbeingatleastpartiallyaninflammatorydisorder.ShesaysthedecreaseinlymphocytesobservedbytheSpanishisthereforeinteresting,andadietofresistantstarchmaybeworthtryinginIBSpatients.OhmaniscurrentlyattheDepartmentofInternalMedicine,GoteborgUniversity,Sweden.ThestudyispublishedinthejournalChemistryandindustry,themagazineoftheSCI.
1)Potatosalad.
2)Itmaymeanthereducedlevelsofinflammation.
3)Theywantedtosimulatetheeffectsofadiethighinresistantstarch.
4)vegetables
5)Itcannotbedigestedinthesmallintestineandfermentsinthelargeintestine.
18.ExerciseCanReplaceInsulinforElderlyDiabetics
Mostolderpeoplewithso-calledtypeIIdiabetescouldstoptakinginsuliniftheywoulddobriskexercisefor30minutesjustthreetimesaweek,accordingtonewmedicalresearchresultsreportedintheCopenhagennewspaperBerlingskeTidendeonMonday.
ResultsfromtestsconductedondiabeticsattheCopenhagenCentralHospitalRigshospitaletsCenterforMuscleResearchshowedthatphysicalexercisecanboostthebody'sabilitytoutiliseinsulinby30percent,thenewspaperreported.
Thisisequaltotheeffectmostelderlydiabeticsgetfromtheirinsulinmedicationtoday,itsaid.
Researchershadagroupofnon-diabeticmenandagroupofmenwithtypeII,allmorethan60yearsofage,exerciseonbicyclessixtimesaweekforthreemonths.Afterthethreemonthsthedoctorsmeasuredhowmuchsugarthetestsubjectsmusclescouldutiliseasameasureforhowwelltheirinsulinworked.
AssociateProfessorDr.FlemmingDelaoftheMuscleResearchCentersaidthetestsdemonstratedthattheexercisingdiabeticshadjustashighinsulinutilizationasthehealthynon-exercisingpersons.
"Thismeansthattheinsulinworksjustaswellforbothgroups.Physicalexercisecannotcurepeopleofdiabetes,butitcaneliminatealmostalltheirsymptoms.Atthesametimeitcanputoffthepointatwhichtheyhavetobegintakinginsulinorperhapscompletelyavoidinsulintreatment,"Delawasquotedassaying.
Insulinisahormoneproducedbythepancreas,controllingsugarinthebodyandusedagainstdiabetes.
Delasaidthattoachievethedesiredeffectdiabeticsneedonlyexercisetothepointwheretheybegintoworkupasweat,butthattheactivityhastobemaintainedsinceitwearsoffafterfivedayswithoutsufficientexercise.
Mostdiabeticsrealizethattheyhavetowatchtheirdietwhileremainingunawareoftheimportanceofexercise,Delaadded.
1)HowcouldmostelderlytypeIIdiabeticsstoptakinginsulin?
2)Physicalexercisemayincreasethebodyabilitytoutiliseinsulinby
3)ThesubjectsoftheresearchtestsconductedattheCopenhagenCentralHospitalincluded
4)Towhatadegreehavediebeticstoexerciseinordertoachievethedesiredeffect'?
5).AccordingtoDeta,amongmostdiabeticstheimportanceofexerciseistheimportance
key
1)Bydoingbriskexerciseforhalfanhouratleastthreetimesaweek.
2)30percent.
3)bothAandB.
4)Tothedegreewheretheybegintosweat
5)lessunderstoodthanofwatchingtheirdiet.
19.ProlongingHumanLife
Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Manypeoplealivetodaywouldhavediedofchildhooddiseasesiftheyhadbeenborn100yearsago.Becausemorepeoplelivelonger,therearemorepeoplearoundatanygiventime.Infact,itisadecreaseindeathrates,notanincreaseinbirthrates,thathasledtothepopulationexplosion.
Prolonginghumanlifehasalsoincreasedthedependencyload.Inallsocieties,peoplewhoaredisabledortooyoungortoooldtoworkaredependentontherestofsocietytoprovideforthem.Inhuntingandgatheringcultures,oldpeoplewhocouldnotkeepupmightbeleftbehindtodie.Intimesoffamine,infantsmightbeallowedtodiebecausetheycouldnotsurviveiftheirparentsstarved,whereasiftheparentssurvivedtheycouldhaveanotherchild.Inmostcontemporarysocieties,peoplefeelamoralobligationtokeeppeoplealivewhethertheycanworkornot.Wehaveagreatmanypeopletodaywholivepasttheageatwhichtheywanttoworkorareabletowork;wealsohaveruleswhichrequirepeopletoretireatacertainage.Unlessthesepeoplewereabletosavemoneyfortheirretirement,somebodyelsemustsupportthem.IntheUnitedStatesmanyretiredpeopleliveonsocialsecuritycheckswhicharesolittlethattheymustliveinnearpoverty.Olderpeoplehavemoreillnessthanyoungormiddle-agedpeople;unlesstheyhavewealthorprivateorgovernmentinsurance,theymustoften"goonwelfare"iftheyhaveaseriousillness.
Whenolderpeoplebecomesenileortooweakandilltocareforthemselves,theycreategraveproblemsfortheirfamilies.Inthepastandinsometraditionalcultures,theywouldbecaredforathomeuntiltheydied.Today,withmostmembersofahouseholdworkingorinschool,thereisoftennooneathomewhocancareforasickorweakperson.Tomeetthisneed,agreatmanynursinghomesandconvalescenthospitalshavebeenbuilt.Theseareoftenprofit-makingorganizations,althoughsomearesponsoredbyreligiousandothernonprofitgroups.Whileafewoftheseinstitutionsarcgood,mostofthemaresimply"dumpinggrounds"forthedyinginwhich"care"isgivenbypoorlypaid,overworked,andunder-skilledpersonnel.
1.Thewriterbelievesthatthepopulationexplosionresultsfrom
2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinhuntingandgatheringcultures
3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutretiredpeopleintheUnitedStatesistrue?
4.InParagraph3,thephrase"thisneed"refersto
5.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthewriter'sattitudetowardmostofthenursinghomes,andconvalescenthospitals?
key
1、Cadecreaseindeathrates.
2、Binfantscouldbeleftdeadintimesofstarvation.
3、AManyofthemhaveaveryhardlife.
4、Dtheneedtotakecareofasickandweakperson.
5、DCritical.
20.FDA:
Human,AnimalWasteThreatensProduce
Thebiggestfoodsafetyriskforfreshfruitsandvegetablesastheyaregrown,pickedorprocessedcomesfromhumanandanimalwaste,theU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA).saidFriday.
Morethan9,000Americansdieeachyearfromfood-bornediseasesandsomescientistsbelievefreshproduceisthebiggestcarrierofcontamination.
TheFDAissuedasetofdraftguidelinesforU.S.andforeigngrowerstocarefullymonitorworkerhygiene,waterquality,manuremanagementandtransportation.
These34-pagedraftguidelinesurgedgrowerstogiveworkerslessonsonbasichygienesuchasusingsoaptowashtheirhands,coveringwoundsthatcouldcomeintocontactwithproduce,andusingonlycleantoilets.
TheFDAguidelinesidentified“themajorsourceofcontamination”forfreshproduceashumanoranimalfeces.
“Wethinkjustpropercontrolsandproperattentiontodetailwouldmakeabigdifferenceinfoodsafety,”saidandFDAofficial,“Itisourbeliefthattheseguidelineswouldnotbeverycostly.”
ButgrowergroupsdisagreedwiththeFDA'sassessment.“Mostfood-bornediseaseoutbreaksthathappenfurtherdownthedistributionlineareduetocontaminationbecausepeoplepreparingfoodarenotproperlywashingtheirhands,”saidStaceyZawal,anofficialwithUnitedFreshFruitandVegetableAssociation.“Thatisnotnecessarilytrueforgrowersandpackers.”
SomeU.S.growerorganizationshaveexpressedconcernthattheagencyisinterferingwithon-farmpractices.OthersobjecttotheFDA'sproposaltohavegrowersformallydocumentthepicking,handlingandtransportationofproducesothathealthofficialscouldquicklyrecallfoodsifnecessary.
ConsumergroupscriticizedtheFDAguidelinesasoflittleusebecauset
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 职称 英语 卫生 阅读 理解 填空 字典