学年高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish模块测评外研版必修5.docx
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学年高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish模块测评外研版必修5.docx
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学年高中英语Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish模块测评外研版必修5
Module1BritishandAmericanEnglish
(时间:
100分钟 满分:
120分)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Whentheseventeenth-centurysettlersbroughttheEnglishlanguagetoAmerica,theyimmediatelyandnecessarilybegantoadapt(使适应)ittotheirnewenvironment.ThesechangeswereclearearlyandcriticizedbysomepeopleonbothsidesoftheAtlantic.However,aftertheRevolution,AmericansbegantobeproudoftheirownformofEnglish.NoahWebsterwasthemajorearlysupporterofAmericanmeaningsandspellingsoverBritishonesandpublishedtheearliestAmericandictionary,AnAmericanDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage.DuringtheyearssinceWebster,languagedifferenceshavecontinuedtodevelop,proving(证明)thetruthofGeorgeBernardShaw’soften-repeatedwordsthatthetwonationsaredividedbyacommonlanguage.
LiketheAmericanlanguage,theearliestAmericanliterature(文学)copiedEnglishmodels.However,aftertheRevolutionandtheWarof1812,writersbegantocreateaclearAmericanliterature.However,in1820,SydneySmithaskedthefamousquestion“WhoreadsanAmericanbook?
”
Answeringtothisandsimilartaunts(讽刺)withcreativeanger,AmericanwriterssoonproducedworksthatplentyofBritishpeopleread.WorksbyWashingtonIrving,WaltWhitman,andMarkTwainhadbeenacclaimedgreatlyinBritainbytheendofthenineteenthcentury.
EvenasAmericanwritersgotrespectinBritain,BritishwriterscontinuedtohavegreatinfluenceinAmerica.CharlesDickenswenttoAmericatwice,in1842and1867—1868.OthermajorBritishwriterswhotraveledandlivedintheUnitedStatesincludeD.H.LawrenceandAldousHuxley.Britishbestworkscontinuetobewidelyread.TheworksofWilliamShakespeareandJaneAustenbecamepopularfilms.
Attheturnofthetwenty-firstcentury,manybooksandwriterscontinuetocrosstheAtlanticinbothdirections—madepossiblebytheproudheritage(继承)ofthesharedlanguage.
1.Theauthorofthispassageseemstothink .
A.BritishEnglishisbetterthanAmericanEnglish
B.AmericanEnglishisbetterthanBritishEnglish
C.thesamelanguagehasdividedthetwonations
D.thesamelanguagehasconnectedthetwonations
答案:
D
2.FromthequestionaskedbySydneySmith,wecaninferthat .
A.theBritishhadtotranslateAmericanbooksintoEnglishones
B.theBritishfoundAmericanbooksdifficulttounderstand
C.theBritishthoughthighlyofbookswrittenbyAmericans
D.theBritishlookeddownuponAmericanbooksatfirst
答案:
D
3.Theunderlinedword“acclaimed”inParagraph3probablymeans“ ”.
A.sold B.discussed
C.welcomedD.refused
答案:
C
B
English,asweallknow,isconside
redastheuniversallanguage.Itisspokenallovertheworld.However,youwillalsonoticethatpeopleallovertheworldareusingdifferenttypesofEnglish.Let’stakeacloserlookatthesetwopopulartypes:
UKandUSEnglish.EvenifbothtypesofEnglisharewildlyused,therearesomedifferencesthatwillbeworthknowingtofindoutthetypeofEnglishthatyouareusing.
USEnglishiswhatweknowastheAmericanEnglishwhichiswildlyusedintheUnitedStates.UKEnglish,ontheotherhand,isknownastheBritishEnglish.SomealsocallittheBBCEnglishsinceitistheEnglishusedbyBritishreporters,andanothernameforitistheQueen’sEnglish.
Intermsofvocabulary,somewordsinUSEnglishmaymeansomethingdifferentintheUKEnglish.Forexample,thewordbiscuitfortheBritishmeansbakedsweetorsaltycakethatishardwhenbakedandsoftenedovertime;whileintheUSitisaquickbreadservedwithsaltyfoods.
Withregardstopronunciation,AmericanEnglishismorenasal(鼻音的).Stress(重音)isalsoanotherdifferencetoconsider.Justlikeinthewordprincess,Britishstressthesecondsyllable(音节)whileAmericansstressthefirst.
Spellingisanotherareaofdifference.AmericanEnglishspellingismoresimple.Exampleofwhichincludes,colorfortheUSandcolourfortheUK,thesamegoeswithhonorandhonour.Thedoublingoflettersinwordsisanothergoodexample.ItwillbetravelerintheUSandtravellerintheUK.Theuse
of“-og”insteadof“-ogue”inthewordssuchasdialoganddialogueorcatalogandcatalogue.
4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A.SimilaritybetweenUSEnglishandUKEnglish
B.DifferencesbetweenUSEnglishandUKEnglish
C.ThefutureofUSEnglishandUKEnglish
D.ThehistoryofUSEnglishandUKEnglish
答案:
B
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoaccordingtoParagraph2?
A.TheBritishEnglish.
B.TheAmericanEnglish.
C.TheBBC.
D.TheQueenofUK.
答案:
A
6.ThewordbiscuitintheUKEnglishreferstothecakewhichmaybe finally.
A.sweetandhardB.saltyandsweet
C.hardandsaltyD.saltyandsoft
答案:
D
7.WhichofthefollowingmaybelongtotheUKEnglish?
A.Color.B.Traveler.
C.Dialog.D.Catalogue.
答案:
D
C
TowardstheendofMiddleEnglish,asuddenchangeinpronunciationstarted,withvowelsbeingpronouncedshorterandshorter.Fromthe16thcenturytheBritishhadcontactwithpeoplefromaroundtheworld.Thismeansthatmanynewwordsandphrasesenteredthelanguage.Theinventionofprintingalsomeantthattherewasacommonlanguageinprint.Booksbecamecheaperandmorepeoplelearnedtoread.SpellingandgrammarbecamefixedandthedialectofLondonbecamethestandard.In1604,thefirstEnglishdictionarywaspublished.
ThenumbersofwordsinEarlyModernEnglishandLateModernEnglishdiffer.LateModernEnglishhasalotmorewordsbecauseoftwomainfactors:
firstly,theIndustrialRevolutioncreatedaneedfornewwords;secondly,theBritishEmpirecoveredonequarteroftheearth’ssurface,andtheEnglishlanguagetookinforeignwordsfrommanycountries.
Fromaround1600,theEnglishcolonization(殖民地化)ofNorthAmericaresultedinthecreationofAmericanEnglish.SomeEnglishpronunciationandwordsfrozewhentheyreachedAmerica.Insomeways,AmericanEnglishismoreliketheEnglishofShakespearethanmodernBritishEnglish.SomeexpressionsthattheBritishcall“Americanisms”areinfactoriginal(原先的)Britishexpressionsthatwerepreserved(保存)inthecoloniesbutwe
relostinBritain.SpanishalsohadaninfluenceonAmericanEnglish,withwordslikecanyon,ranch,stampedeandvigilantebeingexamplesofSpanishwordsthatenteredEnglish.FrenchwordsandWestAfricanwordsalsoinfluencedAmericanEnglish.
Today,AmericanEnglishisthemostinfluential(有影响力的).ButtherearemanyotherkindsofEnglisharoundtheworld,includingAustralianEnglish,NewZealandEnglish,CanadianEnglish,SouthAfricanEnglish,IndianEnglishandCaribbeanEnglish.Theyhavedifferences.
8.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?
A.ThedialectofLondonbecamethestandardintheyear1604.
B.VowelswerepronouncedlongertowardstheendofMiddleEnglish.
C.ThefirstEnglishdictionarywaspublishedintheearly17thcentury.
D.ManynewwordsenteredEnglishbecausemanypeoplemovedtoBritain.
答案:
C
9.FromParagraph2,weknowthattheIndustrialRevolution .
A.requiredspellingandgrammartobefixed
B.requiredagreaternumberofEnglishwords
C.causedmanyoldEnglishwordstobeuseless
D.ledtotheEnglishcolonizationofNorthAmerica
答案:
B
10.Theunderlinedword“froze”inParagraph3showsthatsomeEnglishwordsinAmerica .
A.becamelo
ngerB.greatlychanged
C.alittlechangedD.stayedastheywere
答案:
D
11.Whatwilltheparagraphfollowingthispassagemostprobablydiscuss?
A.ThedevelopmentofModernEnglish.
B.HowtheEnglishvocabularybecamelarger.
C.DifferencesamongthedifferentkindsofEnglish.
D.DifferencesbetweenMiddleEnglishandModernEnglish.
答案:
C
D
“Idon’tspeakEnglish”—thesearethefirstwordsIlearnedwhenIcametoAmerica.SoonIwasabletopronouncethefourwordsclearly,andsaidthemwheneveranAmericantriedtotalktome.Thisanswerwasveryeffective(有效的)atendingourconversationandsavingmefromanotheruncomfortablesituation,orIwouldhavetocommunicateinalanguageth
atIwasnotfamiliarwith.
BeforecomingtotheStates,IthoughtIknewEnglishprettywell.Butthetruthisthatthegrammarandvocabulary-basedEnglishthatistaughtinschoolsoverseas(海外的)isnottheEnglishpeoplespeakinAmerica.
Butfearnot!
OnceyouareinAmerica,youcanimmediatelybegintobridgethegap(弥补差距)betweenthelearnedEnglishthatyoualreadyknowandthespokenEnglishthatisallaroundyou.Todothis,firstofall,itisimportantnottofearwhenyourealizethatyoumaynotbeaspreparedfordailycommunicationasyouthought.Forme,assoonasIstoppedworryingaboutmyaccentandstartedspeaking,Imaderapidprogress.Oftenthepeopledidn’tnoticemymistakesbecausetheyweresogladtofinallybeabletocommunicatewithme.
Anothergoodideaistolistencarefullyandpayattentiontothewayinwhichideasareexpressed.Forexample,ifyouareworkinghardandyouwanttostopworkingandrestforalittlewhile,youcaneithersay“Iwouldliketostopworkingandrestforawhile”or“Iwanttotakeaquickbreakfromwork.”Thefirstsentence,Iquicklylearned,soundsdryandtooformalforanykindofcommunication,whilethesecondisanidiom(成语)thatiswidelyusedinAmericanEnglishconversation.
Finally,usewhatyoualreadyknow—thevocabulary,thegrammarandthespelling.Trytousetheseintothespokenlanguageformoreimpressiveandaccurate(精确)speakingresults.
12.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?
A.You’dbettersay“Idon’tspeakEnglish”intheUSA.
B.HowyoucanimproveyourspokenEnglishintheUSA.
C.IdiomsarewidelyusedtoexpressyourideasintheUSA.
D.ListeningisthebestwaytoimproveyourspokenEnglishintheUSA.
答案:
B
13.Atfirstthewriterpreferredtousethesentence“Idon’t
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