新建 语言学.docx
- 文档编号:12822719
- 上传时间:2023-06-08
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:21
- 大小:26.34KB
新建 语言学.docx
《新建 语言学.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《新建 语言学.docx(21页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
新建语言学
I.Directions:
1. Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtraditionalgrammarforitismostly__B_______.
A.prescriptive B.descriptive C.subjective D.Latin-based
2. Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas____C____.
A.abnormal B.somethingtobefeared
C.natural D.Unnatural
3. Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedaffricate?
A
A.[dV] B.tF] C.[z] D.[T]
4. Thereare____C_______morphemesintheword“disabled”?
A.one B.two C.three D.four
5. InEnglish,“dis-“iscalled_____D___?
A.afreemorpheme B.asuffix
C.aninfix D.aprefix
6. BlackEnglishisprobablythemostwidespreadandmostfamiliar_B___varietyoftheEnglishlanguage.
A.regional B.ethnic
C.social D.lowerclass
7. Thepairofwords“alive”and“dead”are______B_______.
A.gradableantonyms B.complementaryantonyms
C.relationalopposites D.co-hyponyms
8. __D__belong(s)totheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.
A.English B.German
C.French D.Allofthem
9. Thesentence“Kidslikeapples”isa____A______.
A. two-placepredication
B. three-placepredication
C. no-placepredication
D. one-placepredication
10. Whatistheconstructionofthesentence:
“Thebabysmiled?
”C
A.subordinate B.coordinate
C.exocentric D.endocentric
1.F.deSaussureisa(n)__B_______linguist.
A.American B.Swiss
C.British D.Russian
2.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedbilabialstop?
C
A.[p] B.[m] C.[b] D.[t]
3.Ofthe“words”listedbelow,____B______isnotanEnglishword.
A.[spriN] B.[lkbi]
C.[strikt] D.[5U:
ziz]
4.Theaffixeswhichmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchas“-ing,-est”arecalled___C_______.
A.derivationalaffixes B.freemorphemes
C.inflectionalaffixes D.roots
5.Thesentencecontainingtwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingwordiscalleda______A______sentence.
A.coordinate B.simple
C.subordinate D.embedded
6.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_____D____insemantictheory.
A.mentalism B.contextualism
C.conceptualism D.namingtheory
7.Thesemanticrelationshipbetweenflowerandroseis__B_____.
A.hyponyms B.hyponymy
C.co-hyponyms D.superordinate
8.Thewordssuchashandbookandhighwayare____C_______.
A.formedbyblending B.coinedbyback-formation
C.compoundwords D.derivations
9.X-bartheoryis_________B_________.
A. highlyspecificandconcrete,thereforeonlyusefultosolveconcreteproblems
B. capableofreducingtheredundanciesofindividualphrasalstructurerules
C. sohighlyabstractthatitcanexplainallthepropertiesofallphrasal categories
D. inefficientincopingwiththelanguagestructuresotherthanthoseofEnglish
10.Thewords“railway”and“railroad”are___C_______.
A.synonymsdifferinginemotivemeaning
B. synonymsdifferinginstyles
C.dialectalsynonyms
D.synonymsdifferinginregister
II.Directions:
11. Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.
12. Thelinguisticstudyofmeaninginthecontextofuseiscalledpragmatics.
13. Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisadiachronic__________study.
14. AccordingtotheSwisslinguistF.deSaussure,__parole _________referstotherealizationoflanguageinactualuse.
15. Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabelled___articulatory_________phonetics,auditoryphoneticsandacousticphoneticsrespectively.
16. ____Morpheme _______isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.
17. ___Syntax________isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.
18. Theterm___Antonymy_____isusedforoppositenessofmeaning.
19. __Sociolinguistics______isthesubdisciplineoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinsocialcontexts.
20. Variationinlanguageuseassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakersiscalled _____gender_____varieties.
III.Directions:
F21. Competenceandperformancemean,toN.Chomsky,muchthesamething.
T22. Thebasicdifferencebetweenavowelandaconsonantisthatinthepronunciationoftheformeritischaracterizedbytheabsenceofobstructionoftheairstreamanditdoesnothaveaplaceofarticulationinthesamesenseasaconsonant.
F23. InEnglish,nouns,verbs,prepositionsandadverbsareopenclassessincewecanregularlyaddnewwordstotheseclasses.
F24. Sentencesarestringsofwordsputtogetherinarandomorder.
T25. Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.Theyaretworelatedbutdifferentaspectsofmeaning.
F26. “Itisraininghard”isaone-placepredicationsentence.
F27. Idiolectisthestylisticvariationinaperson’sspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpolite.
F28. Bilingualismdescribesasituationinwhichtwoverydifferentvarietiesoflanguageco-existinaspeechcommunity,eachwithadistinctrangeofsocialfunctionandappropriateforcertainsituations.
F29. Commissive,atypeofillocutionaryspeechactsbySearle,meansbringingaboutimmediatechangesbysayingsomething.
T30. Utterancemeaningisbasedonsentencemeaning;theformerisconcreteandcontext-dependentandthelatterisabstractandde-contextualized.
II.Directions:
11.linguist 12.Morphology 13.speech 14.manner 15.Semantics 16.Homonymy 17.psycholinguistics 18.length 19.Sapir-whorf 20.euphemism
11.Apersonwhostudieslinguisticsiscalledal____________.
12.M_________isthelinguisticstudyofhowmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords.
13.Inmodernlinguistics,s__________isconsideredprimaryoverwriting.
14.Therearetwowaystoclassifyconsonants:
byplaceofarticulationandbym___________ofarticulation.
15.S_________isthelinguisticstudyofmeaninginabstraction.
16.H___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.
17.Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingsofthemindiscalledp________.
18.Vowelscanbeclassifiedbythepositionofthetongue,opennessofthemouthandl_________ofthesound.
19.ThenotionoflinguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativismiscalledtheS_________hypothesis.
20.Ane___________isamild,indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirectwordingmightbeharshorunpleasant.
III.Directions:
21.Englishlanguageisatonelanguage.
22.Alinguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythepolitesocietyfromgeneralusesuchasobscene,profaneandswearwords.
23.Chineseisthoughttobethefirstlanguagebymostlinguists.
24.Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthesentencepatternsofalanguage.
25.Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesaspectsofalltheelementsregardingregional,socialandstylisticvariation.
26.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofoldEnglishandmodernEnglish.
27.AlocutionaryactofSpeechActTheoryistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.
28.Accordingtopredicationanalysis,inthesentence“Themanbeatthedog.”,theword“beat”iscalledpredicate,andthewords“man”and“dog”arecalledarguments.
29.[f]isadentalconsonant.
30.Thetranscriptionofspeechsoundswithletter-symbolstogetherwiththediacriticsiscalledbroadtranscription.
21.F 22.T 23.F 24.F 25.T 26.F 27.F 28.T 29.F 30.F
I.Directions:
1. C 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.D 7. B 8.C 9. A 10.C
1. Thestudyoflanguagedevelopmentatsomepointintimeisgenerallytermedas___________linguistics.
A.comparative B.applied
C.synchronic D.diachronic
2. N.Chomskyisafamous_____________linguist.
A.American B.British
C.Greek D.Swiss
3. Inthefollowingsounds___________isavoicelessaffricate.
A.[d] B.[l] C.[tF] D.[w]
4. InEnglish,“pill”and“bill”are ___________.
A.aphonemiccontrast B.complementarydistribution
C.assimilation Daminimalpair
5. Theword“unhappiness”has____________morpheme(s)
A.one B.two C.three D.four
6. InEnglishthelettercombination“care”intheword“carelessness”iscalled___________.
A.suffix B.prefix
C.infix D.freemorpheme
7. Awordwithseveralmeaningiscalled_________.
A.asynonymousword B.apolysemousword
C.anabnormalword D.noneoftheabove
8. Wecalltherelationbetween“animal”and“tiger”as___________.
A.polysemy B.synonymy
C.hyponymy D.homophony
9. Thepairofwords“let’and“rent”iscalled___________.
A.relationalopposites B.gradableantonyms
C.complementaryantonyms D.co-hyponyms
10. Whichdescriptionofthemeaningcomponentsoftheword“mother”isright.
A.[+human,+adult,+male] B.[-human,+adult,+male] C.[+human,+adult,-male] D.[+human,-adult,-male]
II.Directions:
11.Phonetics 12.Morphology 13.descriptive 14.diachronic
15.competence 16.productive 17.nasal 18.bound
19.linear 20.perlocutionary
11.P________isdefinedasthestudyofthephonicmediumoflanguage.
12.M________isthestudyofthewayinwhichwordsareformed.
13.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itis
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 新建 语言学