核心后缀.docx
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核心后缀.docx
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核心后缀
核心后缀
常用后缀
(1)名词后缀
1、ability(能力,才干),ibility
able(能...的,有才能的,能干的,能够的)—ability(能力,才干)
flexible(有弹性的,柔韧的)—flexibility(弹性,适应性,机动性,挠性)
inflammabilityadaptability
2、al
arrive(到达,抵达)—arrival(到来,到达,到达者)
refuse(拒绝,谢绝)—refusal(拒绝,推却)
personalglobalapprovalrevival
3、an,ian,arian
library(图书馆,藏书室)—librarian(图书馆员,图书管理员)
music(音乐,乐曲)—musician(音乐家)
urbanpublicanrepublican
4、ance,ence
appear(出现,公开露面)—appearance(出现,露面,外貌,外观)
refer(提交,谈及,提到,涉及,查阅,咨询)—reference(提及,涉及,参考,参考书目,证明书(人),介绍信(人))
guidanceresistancereliance
5、ancy,ency
emerge(显现,浮现,(事实)显现出来)—emergency(紧急情况,突然事件,非常时刻,紧急事件)
expect(期待,预期)—expectancy(期待,期望)
occupancyelegancyconstancy
6、ant,ent
apply(申请)—applicant(申请者,请求者)
correspond(通信)—correspondent(通讯记者,通信者)
ignorantassistantaccsantexcitant
7、cy
accurate(正确的,精确的)—accuracy(精确性,正确度)
private(私人的,私有的,私营的,秘密的)—privacy(独处而不受干扰,秘密)
vacancybankruptcy
8、dom
king(国王,君主,(部落的)首领,纸牌中的K,立...为王,做国王,统治)—kingdom(王国,[宗]天国,上帝的统治,领域)
free(自由的,免费的,免税的,免费)—freedom(自由,自主,直率,特权)
wisdomsportsdomfilmdom
9、ee
employ(雇用,用)—employee(职工,雇员,店员)
interview(接见,会见)—interviewee(被接见者,被访问者)
traineedeporteeawardee
10、er,or,ar
paint(油漆,颜料)—painter(画家,油漆匠)
beg(请求,乞求)—beggar(乞丐)
bankerheaterwhisperharder
11、ery
brave(勇敢的)—bravery(勇敢)
slave(奴隶)—slavery(奴隶身分,奴隶制度)
bakeryrobberybriberyfishery
12、ese
China(中国)—Chinese(中国的,)
Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本的)
13、ess
actor(男演员)—actress(女演员)
waiter(侍者,服务员)—waitress(女服务生)
hostessheiressmurderess
14、hood
child(孩子,儿女)—childhood(孩童时期)
man(男人)—manbood(成年男子)
adulthoodcubhood
15、ics
electron(电子)—electronics(电子器件)
linguist(语言学家)—linguistics(语言学)
electronicspoliticseconomics
16、ism
Marx(马克思)—Marxism(马克思主义)
socialist(社会主义者)—socialism(社会主义)
criticismjournalismidealism
17、ist
psychiatry(精神病学)—psychiatrist(精神病医师)
violin(小提琴)—violinist(小提琴演奏者)
socialistchemistdentist
18、ity,ty
cruel(残酷的,悲惨的)—cruelty(残忍,残酷)
pure(纯的,纯粹的)—purity(纯净,纯洁,纯度)
specialityhumanitypopularity
19、ment
move(移动,迁居)—movement(运动,动作)
retire(退休,引退,退却)—retirement(退休,引退)
amusementbasementdepartment
20、ness
dark(黑暗,夜)—darkness(黑暗,漆黑)
happy(快乐的,幸福的)—happiness(幸福,快乐)
weaknessbitternesswillingness
21、ology
climate(气候,风土)—climatology(气候学,风土学)
future(未来,将来)—futurology(未来学)
22、ship
friend(朋友,助手)—friendship(友谊,友好)
scholar(学者)—scholarship(奖学金,学问,学识)
relationshiphuntsmanship
23、sion,ssion
decide(决定,判决)—decision(决定,决心)
expand(使膨胀,扩张)—expansion(扩充,开展)
collisionsuspensionconversion
24、th
grow(生长,成长)—growth(生长,种植)
wide(宽的,广阔的)—width(宽度)
warmthdepthstrength
25、ure
close(关,关闭)—closure(关闭,使终止)
expose(使暴露,受到,使曝光,揭露)—exposure(暴露,揭露,暴光,揭发)
pressurecreaturedeparture
(2)动词后缀
26、en
deep(深的,纵深的)—deepen(加深,深化)
fast(紧的,牢的)—fasten(扎牢,扣住)
strengthensharpensoften
27、ify
class(班级,阶级)—classify(分类,分等)
simple(简单的,简易的)—simplify(单一化,简单化)
satisfyintensifypurify
28、ize,ise
modern(现代人)—modernise/modernize(<主英>=modernize)
popular(通俗的,流行的,受欢迎的)—popularise/popularize(<主英>=popularize)
normalizeindustrializeorganize
29、ate
mot(动)—motivate(给动机,刺激)
cult(教育)—cultivate(使受教育)
(3)形容词后缀
30、able,ible
question(疑问)—questionable(可疑的)
fashionablechangeable
31、al
nature(自然)—natural(自然的)
structure(结构,构造)—structural(结构的,建筑的)
emotionalregionalexceptional
32、an,arian,ian
suburb(市郊,郊区)—suburban(郊外的,偏远的)
Canada(加拿大)—Canadian(加拿大的,加拿大人)
republicanEuropean
33、ant,ent
differ(不一致,不同)—different(不同的)
please(满足的,使满足)—pleasant(令人愉快的,舒适的)
resistantignorantabundant
34、ary,ory
advise(劝告,忠告,警告)—advisory(顾问的,咨询的,劝告的)
custom(习惯,风俗)—customary(习惯的,惯例的)
secondaryelementary
35、ate
consider(考虑,照顾)—considerate(考虑周到的)
fortune(运气,好运)—fortunate(幸运的,幸福的)
privatedeterminate
36、en
gold(黄金,金币)—golden(金色的,金黄色的)
wood(木材)—wooden(木制的)
woolenoaken
37、ese
China(中国)—Chinese(中国的,中国人的)
Japan(日本)—Japanese(日本的,日本人的)
vietnameseportugese
38、free
care(烦恼,忧虑)—carefree(无忧无虑的,轻松愉快的)
duty(义务,责任,职责,职务,税)—duty-free(自由的,大方的,免费的,免税的,免费)
sugar-freefat-free
39、ful
care(注意,照料)—careful(小心的,仔细的)
pain(痛苦,疼)—painful(疼痛的,使痛苦的)
meaningfulskillful
40、ic,ical
atom(原子)—atomic(原子的,原子能的)
psychology(心理学,心理状态)—psychological(心理(上)的)
historictypical
41、ish
girl(女孩,少女)—girlish(少女的,少女似的(男孩))
child(孩子)—childish(孩子气的,幼稚的)
bookishcoldishSpanish
42、ive
create(创造)—creative(创造性的)
support(支援,支柱)—supportive(支持的,支援的)
impressiveprotectiveattractive
43、less
hope(希望,信心)—hopeless(没有希望的,绝望的)
pain(痛苦,疼,痛,劳苦,努力,使痛苦)—painless(无痛的,不痛的)
worthlesscountlessrestless
44、like
child(孩子)—childlike(孩子似的,天真烂漫的)
lady(女士,夫人,小姐)—ladylike(风度雍容如贵妇的,温雅的)
godlikefatherlikedreamlike
45、ly
man(男人)—manly(男子气概的)
month(月)—monthly(每月的,每月一次,月刊)
yearlyhomelycostly
46、ous,ious
danger(危险)—dangerous(危险的)
poison(毒药,败坏道德之事,毒害,毒害,败坏,使中毒,放毒,下毒)—poisonous(有毒的)
gloriousvigorouscontinuous
47、some
tire(劳累,厌倦)—tiresome(无聊的,烦人的)
trouble(烦恼,麻烦)—troublesome(麻烦的,讨厌的)
awesomefearsome
48、ward
down(向下的)—downward(向下的)
up(向上)—upward(向上的)
backwardsunwardourward
49、y
guilt(罪行,内疚)—guilty(犯罪的,有罪的)
noise(喧闹声,噪声)—noisy(吵杂的,聒噪的)
bloodyhairywoolly
(4)副词后缀
50、ly
easy(容易的)—easily(容易地,不费力地)
heavy(重的,繁重的)—heavily(很重地,沉重地)
timelytrulyfearfullyrecently
51、ward,wards
east(东方,东)—eastward(s)(向东,向东的,朝东的)
north(北,北方)—northward(s)(向北,向北的)
backwardsoutwards
52、wise
clock(时钟)—clockwise(顺时针方向的,顺时针方向地)
other(其他的,另外的)—otherwise(另外,不同地)
coastwiselikewise
核心前缀
一、常用前缀
1、aero:
concerningtheairoraircraft
Aeroplaneaerospace(航空宇宙)
aerogramaerometeraeromedicine
2、anti:
against;oppositeof
nuclear([核]核子的)—antinuclear(反对使用核武器的)
matter(物质)—antimatter(反物质)
war(战争、作战、打仗)—antiwar(反战的,反对战争的)
antiageingantifatantigasantinoise
3、auto:
oforbyoneself
biography(传记)—autobiography(自传)
criticism(批评,批判)—autocriticism(自我反省,自我检讨)
autoalarmautosuggestion
4、be:
totreatasthestatedthing
friend(朋友,助手)—befriend(待人如友,帮助)
little(很少的,矮小的,很少)—belittle(轻视,使渺小,使...显得渺小)
becalmbepowderbesidebemoan
5、bi:
two;twice;double
lingual(语言的)—bilingual(能说两种语言的)
cycle(自行车)—bicycle(脚踏车,自行车)
biweeklybipolarbilateralbisexual
6、bio:
concerninglivingthings
chemistry(化学)—biochemistry(生物化学)
sphere(圈子)—biosphere(生物圈)
7、by—:
lessimportant
product(产品,产物,)—by-product(副产品,附加产物)
way(路,道路)—byway(小道)
by-effectby-businessbytime
8、centi:
hundredthpart
grade(等级)—centigrade(分为XX的,百分度的,摄氏温度的)
meter(米)—centimeter(厘米)
9、co:
together,with
author(作家,创造者)—coauthor(合著者,共同执笔者,合著)
exist(存在,生存)—coexist(共存)
coagentco-workercooperation
10、col:
(usedbeforeL)together,with
location(位置,场所)—collocation(排列,配置)
collaborate合作
collingual
11、com:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)together,with
passion(激情,热情)—compassion(同情,怜悯)
battle战役combat战斗
combinecompresscompatriot
12、con:
together,with
centric(中心的,中央的)—concentric(同中心的)
federation(同盟,联邦,联合,联盟)—confederation(联邦)
concludeconfirmconjoincontribute
13、contra:
opposite
diction(措辞,用语,言语)—contradiction(反驳,矛盾)
natural(自然的,自然界的)—contranatural(违背自然的)
contra-missilecontraclockwise
14、cor:
(usedbeforer)together,with
relate(叙述,讲,使联系,发生关系)—correlate(使相互关联,和...相关)
respond(回答,响应,作出反应,有反应)—correspond(符合,协调,通信,相当,相应)
correctcorruptcorrival
15、counter:
opposite
act(担当,表现,见效)—counteract(抵消,中和,阻碍)
attack(攻击)—counterattack(反引力)
counter—terroristcountereffect
16、cross:
across;goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthem
country(乡下的,乡村的)—crosscountry(越野地,横过田野的)
breed((使)繁殖,教养,抚养,品种,种类)—crossbreed([生物]杂种,异种交配,培育杂种,(使)杂交)
17、de:
showinganopposite;toremove;toreduce
code(代码,密码)—decode(解码,译解)
value(评价,重视)—devalue((=devaluate)减值,贬值)
declineincreasedecrease
18、dis:
not;theoppositeof
advantage(优势,有利条件)—disadvantage(不利,不利条件,缺点,劣势)
agree(同意)—disagree(不一致,不适宜)
honest(诚实的,正直的)—dishonest(不诚实的)
disorderdiscouragedispartdistract
19、em:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)tocausetobecome
body(赋以形体)—embody(具体表达,使具体化)
power(权力,激励)—empower(授权与,使能够)
embedembarembowembitter
20、en:
tocausetobecome;tomake
danger(威胁)—endanger(危及)
large(大的,巨大的)—enlarge(扩大,放大)
enrichencloseenableenact
21、ex:
former(andstillliving)
minister(部长,大臣)—ex-minister(前部长)
wife(妻子)—ex-wife(前妻)
exportexposeexpelexaggerate
22、extra:
outside;beyond
curricular(课程的)—extracurricular(课外的,业余的)
ordinary(平常的,普通的,平凡的)—extraordinary(非常的,特别的,非凡的)
extraboldextragovernmental
23、fore:
inadvance,before;inoratthefront
arm(臂,武器,装备)—forearm(前臂,准备战斗,预先武装,准备)
warn(警告)—forewarn(预先警告)
foreheadforeword
24、il:
(usedbeforel)not
legal(法律的,合法)—illegal(违法的,不合规定的)
literate(学者,有文化的,有阅读和写作能力的)—illiterate(违法的,不合规定的)
illogicalillustrateilluminate
25、im:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)not
moral(道德(上)的,精神的,道德)—immoral(不道德的,邪恶的,放荡的,淫荡的)
possible(可能的)—impossible(不可能的)
impoliteimportimmergeimpulse
26、in:
not
direct(径直的,直接的)—indirect(间接的,迂回的)
sensitive(敏感的,灵敏的)—insensitive(对...没有感觉的,感觉迟钝的)
informalintakeinspiritinvigorate
27、infra:
belowinarange;beyond
red(红(色)的)—infrared(红外线的,红外线)
structure(结构,构造)—infrastructure(下部构造,基础下部组织)
infrahumaninfrasonic
28、inter:
between;among
change(改变,变化)—interchange((指两人等)交换,相互交换)
national(国家的,民族的)—international(国际的,世界的,国际性组织,国际比赛)
interactinpersonalinterview
29、intra:
inside,within;into
city(城市,都市)—intracity(市内的)
department(部,局,处,科,部门,系,学部)—intra-department(内部)
intradayintrapersonalintra-trading
30、ir:
(usedbeforer)not
regular(规则的,有秩序的)—irregular(不规则的,无规律的)
responsible(有责任的,可靠的)—irresponsible(不负责任的,不可靠的)
irresistibleirrelativeirruption
31、kilo:
thousand
gram(克,)—kilogram([物]千克,公斤)
meter(米)—kilometer(公里)
kilowattkilocaloriekilovolt
32、macro:
large,esp.concerningawholesystemratherthanparticularpartsof
economics(经济学)—macroeconomics(宏观经济学)
structure(结构)—macrostructure(宏观结构)
macrochange
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