中考英语词汇专题中考冲刺同义句转换方法解析及提高练习.docx
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中考英语词汇专题中考冲刺同义句转换方法解析及提高练习.docx
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中考英语词汇专题中考冲刺同义句转换方法解析及提高练习
中考同义句转换方法透析及相关练习
四川省攀枝花市盐边县渔门中学吴秀华
总所周知,语言是思想、情感交流的载体。
相同的意思有时可以用不同的方式表达。
了解并学会多种表达法,能更好地适应交际的需要。
同义句转换也是中考常考题型。
此类题型考生失分较大。
现归纳以下解题方法与思路。
一、运用同义词或同义词组
e.g.1.Igotaletterfrommybrotherlastweekend.
=Iheardfrommybrotherlastweekend.
2.Hislittlesistercoulddressherselfwhenshewasthreeyearsold.
=Hislittlesisterwasabletodressherselfattheageofthree.
这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句,找出需要改动的地方,运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。
还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。
Exercises:
1.A.Thechildrenarehavingagoodtimeintheparknow.
B.Thechildrenare______________________inthepark_____________________________.
2.A.Hespentthirtyminutesinfinishinghishomework.MyGod.
B.______________him__________________________________finishhishomework.
3.A.Verysoonthebabystartedcrying.
B.In___________________thebaby_________________cry.
4.A.Whatdoyouthinkofthemovieyousawlastweek?
B.___________doyou__________themovieyousawlastweek?
5.A.Thereisonlyanoldchairintheroom.
B.There’s___________________anoldchairintheroom.
6.A.What’sthematterwithyou,youngman?
B.What’s_________withyou,youngman?
7.A.Didyouhaveanyproblemsinworkingoutthemathproblem?
B.Didyouhave______________in_____________themathproblem?
8.A.He’llcometomybirthdaysoonafterhefinisheshisproject.
B.He’llcometomybirthday____________________________hisprojectisfinished.
二、运用反义词或反义词组
e.g.1.ShefailedtheEnglishexamlasttime.
=Shedidn’tpasstheEnglishexamlasttime.
2.Hishouseisneartheschool.
=Hishouseisn’tfarfromtheschool.
=Hishouseisclosetotheschool.
这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词,是两句意思相符。
仍然要注意动词时态一致。
Exercise:
9.A.Idon’tthinkthepigisbeautiful.
B.__________________________,thepigis__________.
10..A.Allofthequestionsareeasy.
B.______________________thequestionsis_________________.
11..A.Theydidn’tfindanythingunderthedesk..
B.They_________________________underthedesk.
三、动词短语转换成介词短语
e.g.1.YesterdayMr.KingwenttoNewYorkbyair.
=Mr.KingflewtoNewYorkyesterday.
此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语,还要注意动词时态一致。
Exercises:
12..A.Helenalwaysgoestoschoolonfoot.
B.Helenalways______________________school.
13.A.Tomusedabrushtocleanhisshoes.
B.Tom________hisshoes____________abrush.
14.A.Manuelusuallygoestoworkbysubway,sometimesherideshismotorcycle.
B.Manuelusually________thesubwaytowork,butattimeshegoestowork______motorbike.
四、单句转换成复句,或者复句转换成单句
e.g.1.Shefoundhimaverycleverstudent.
=Shefoundthathewasaprettycleverstudent.
2.Thegateisquitewide.Twocarscangothroughitatthesametime.
=Thegateissowidethattwocarscangothroughittogether.
此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。
例如:
too…to…;so…that…;not…until…等。
还要注意了解相关转换类型,如:
without短语与if/unless条件状语从句的转换;enoughto…与so…that…的转换;too…to…,not…enoughto…,so…that…not…的相互转换等。
Exercises:
15.A.MrsGreendoesn’tliketravelingbyplaneatall,Ithink.
B.I____________thinkMrs.Green___________travelingalot.
16.A.Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.
B.Theboyis__________young________he__________dotoschool.
C.Theboyisn’t____________________________gotoschool.
17.A.Fishcan’tliveifthere’snowater.
B.Fishcan’tlive____________________water.
C.Fishcan’tlive__________there_______water.
18.A.Heseemedtiredlastnight.
B.___________________that_______wastiredlastnight.
19.A.Thebookissodifficultthatnoneofuscareadit.
B.Thebookis________difficult_________us________read.
CThebook_________________________forustoread.
20.A.Ican’tfinishtheworkontimeifyoudon’thelpme.
B.Ican’tfinishtheworkontime________________________________.
C.Ican’tfinishtheworkontime_________you________me_________________.
21.A.Ithinkiteasytoworkoutthephysicproblem.
B.IthinkI_______workoutthephysicproblem_____________.
C.________easy________me_______workoutthephysicproblem.
五、同一单词的不同词性相互转换
e.g..Hepromisedtohelpus.
=Hemadeapromisetohelpus.
此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性。
功在平时,博闻强识。
Exercise:
22.A.Jimdidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.
B.Jimdidn’tcometoschool____________________his____________.
23A.MikedecidedtotrytolearnEnglishwell.
BMike___________a__________totrytolearnEnglishwell.
24.A.Let’sdiscussittogether,OK?
B.__________youplease___________a____________withus?
25.A.Heisasuccessfulactor.
B.He_____________in__________.
26.A.Whathesaidsurprisedus.
B.We_______________________________hiswords.
27.A.Thestoryinterestedthemalot.
B.Thestory____________themvery_____________.
六、并列复合连词连接或改写原句
e.g..MariahasbeentoShanghai,sohasKate.
=BothMariaandKatehavebeentoShanghai.
此类题目特别要注意时态的一致,主语和谓语在数上的一致。
还要对象一些短语比较熟悉,例如:
either…or…,both…and….,neither…nor…;notonly…butalso…。
还有一些句型,例如:
So+动词+主语;…,too.等。
Exercises:
28.A.Shecan’tanswerthequestion,neithercanI.
B._____________she____________I_________answerthequestion.
C._______________________us_________answerthequestion.
D.Shecan’tanswerthequestion,andIcan’t,_____________.
29.A.Gracewenttobedaftershefinisheddoingherhomework.
B.Grace_____________________tobed___________shefinishedherhomework.
30.A.Lucywenttothecinema,Johnwenttothecinema,too.
B.__________________Lucy____________________Johnwenttothecinema.
31.A.Youcangotherebyshiporyoumaygotherebyplane.
B.Youmaygothere_________byship__________byplane.
32.A.Intheplaceonecan’tstandupandonecan’tliedowneither.
B.Intheplaceone_____________________standup____________liedown.
七、主动语态与被动语态的转换
e.g.Fathermadehischildrenworkhardeveryday.
=Thechildrenweremadetoworkhardeveryday.
此类题目要注意时态的一致,主语和谓语在数上的一致,短语的完整性。
特别注意有些主动语态中生的省to不定时改为被动语态后要还原不定时符号to.
Exercises:
33.A.Thestudentwereaskedtofinishedtheirhomeworkinclassbytheteacher.
B.Theteacher____________________________finishtheirhomeworkinclass.
34.A.Wemustlookafteroldpeoplewell.
B.Oldpeople______________________________________well.
35.A.Peoplebuiltthisbridge1500yearsago.
B.Thisbridge____________________1500yearsago.
36.A.PeoplegrowriceinsouthernChina.
B.Rice__________________insouthernChina.
37.A.AlargenumberofpeoplespeakEnglishintheworld.
B.English______________________________manypeopleintheworld.
八、动作动词与状态动词的相互转换
e.g.Iborrowedthisbookfromtheschoollibrarythreeweeksago.
=Ihavekeptthislibrarybookforthreeweeks.
此类题目既要要求对一些动作动词(常是瞬间动词)相关的状态动词(常是非延续动词)很熟悉,还要注意时态的变化,通常是一般现在时变为现在完成时。
特别注意瞬间动词不能与表示一段的时间状语联用;有些句子在变化时主语要作一定的调整。
Exercises:
38.A.Theyoungmanhasbeeninthearmyforfouryears.
B.Theyoungman___________thearmyfouryears_________.
C.__________twoyears___________theyoungman________thearmy.
39.A.Hisuncleboughtthenewhousetwoandahalfyearsago.
B.Hisuncle_____________________thenewhousefor________________and_______________.
40.A.It’sabouttenminutessincehelefttheroom.
B.He________theroomtenminutes__________.
C.He________________________________________theroomforabouttenminutes.
41.A.Iclosedthewindowtwominutesago.
B.Thewindow_________________________________fortwominutes.
42.A.HebecameanEnglishteacher15yearsago.
B.He____________________anEnglish__________15yearsago.
C.He____________________Englishfor15years.
D.It____________________15years____________hestartedteachingEnglish15yearsago.
九、宾语从句与动词不定式之间的转换
e.g.PleasetellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice.
=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothenearestpostoffice?
此类题目要求学生明白疑问词与动词不定时连用的含义,构成不定时结构如:
howto…,whento…,whatto…,whereto…等。
还要注意一些含动词不定式的短语,
如:
asksb.(not)todosth.,tellsb.(not)todosth.等。
Exercises:
43.A.Ourteachertoldhimthatheshouldn’tbelatethenexttime.
B.Ourteachertoldhim_____________________________latethenexttime.
44A.Theyarethinkingofwhattheyshoulddonext.
B.Theyarethinkingof_______________________________next.
45.A.Canyouletmeknowwhentheywillstart?
B.Couldyoupleasetellme_______________________________?
46A.Theypiledthesnowinoneplacesothattheycouldmakeasnowman.
B.Theypiledthesnowinoneplace__________________________makeasnowman.
十、直接引语和间接引语间的转换
e.g.1.“Listencarefully,Jack.”SaidtheMathteacher.
=Themathteacher___________Jack____________________carefully.
2.“Whatdoesyourfeatherdo?
”Mrs.Yangasked.
=Mrs.Yangaskedhim____________________father___________.
此类题目要注意陈述语序和疑问语序间的转换、时态的变化、人称代词的变化、物主代词的变化,以及一些时间、地点甚至指示代词的变化。
Exercises:
47.A.“Don’tlookoutofthewindow,LinXiang.”Mr.Wusaidangrily.
B.Mr.Wu__________LinXiang_____________________lookoutofthewindow.
48.A.“Whatareyoudoinghereintheclassroom?
”heasked.
B.Heaskedme_________________________________________________intheclassroom.
49.A.“Thesunismuchbiggerthantheearth.”Mothertoldme.
B.Mothertoldme________thesun___________muchbiggerthantheearth.
50.A.“Whatareyoudoingnow?
fatherasked.
B.Fatheraskedherwhat___________________________________.
51.A.“DoyoulikeEnglishbest?
”ourChineseteacherasked.
B.OurChineseteacherasksJulie__________________________Englishbest.
十一、含形容词的短语和含副词的短语间的转换
e.g.Therainwasheavylastnight.
=Itrainedheavilylastnight.
此类题目关键就是理解句子含义,灵活地运用相关的不同词性的词或短语。
Exercises:
52.A.Brucehasbreakfastquicklyandthengoestoschool.
B.
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