高中英语定语从句练习题带答案.docx
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高中英语定语从句练习题带答案.docx
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高中英语定语从句练习题带答案
高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案必定语:
修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
汉语中常用‘的’表示。
定语
主要由形容词担当。
别的名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式〔短语〕、分
词也能够做定语。
abeautifulcity;abagfullofmoney.注意:
汉语的定语不论多长都放在被修饰词的前面,而英语中的定语那么否则,是一个词时,放在被修饰词的前面,假定是两个以上的词组、短语或从句那么放在被修饰词的后边,thirtywomenteachers;hisfather;thegirlinred.theboyfromAmericaOurmonitorisalwaysthefirststudenttoentertheclassroom.fallingleaves;fallenleaves;theboyplayingbasketball;thebookboughtbymymother;areadingroom;aswimmingpoolHeisthemanwhoyouarelookingfor.二:
定义及有关术语1.定语从句:
修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词以后。
2.先行词:
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
3.关系词:
指引定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有when,where,why.1.Ihaveanapple.Anappleisred.Ihaveanapplethat/whichisred.↑↑先行词关系代词likesomefriends.Somefriendslikesports.Ilikefriendswholikesports.↑↑先行词关系代词likemusic.Themusicisquiet.Ilikemusicthat/whichisquiet.↑↑先行词关系代词关系词往常有以下三个作用:
A、指引定语从句,连结主从句;B、取代先行词;C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
〔二〕关系代词指引的定语从句1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语。
TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Thosewhowanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwhohadlosthisway.Thatistheteacherwhoteachesusphysics.2.whom指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
MrLiuistheperson(whom)youtalkedaboutonthebus.LiMingisjusttheboy(whom)Iwanttosee.Theprofessor(whom)youarewaitingforhascome.Thegirl(whom)theteacheroftenpraisesisourmonitor.注意:
关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来取代,也可省略。
Theman(whom/who)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.3.Which指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语常常可省略。
惮汹為缦哓价桥躦懣鲛俠諜蔥门糞。
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高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.Helikestoreadbookswhicharewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thehousewhichisbythelakelooksnice.Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.鐒穷綣籪鏤钙賤闌塒誨龅綺惭惊蝕。
Thefilm(which)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.
。
4.That即可指人,也可指物
.。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语常常可省略。
Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.
Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?
Thepersonthat/whomyouintroducedtome
isverykind.
Theseasonthat/whichcomesafterspringissummer.
YesterdayIreceivedaletterthat/whichcamefromAustralia.
5.Whose即可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。
Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisa
doctor.
Ioncelivedinthehousewhoseroofhasfallenin.注意:
指物时,常用以下构造来取代:
Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.
Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?
Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?
〔一〕限制性定语从句中只好用
that指引定语从句的状况
1.当先行词是everything,anything,nothing(something除外),all,none,few,little,some
等不
定代词时,或当先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much
等不定代词修饰时。
如:
HaveyoutakendowneverythingthatMr.Lisaid?
Thereseemstobenothingthatisimpossibletohimintheworld.
Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.。
ThereislittlethatIcandoforyou.
Hestayedinthelibraryandlookedupanyinformationthattheyneeded.
注意:
当先行词指人时,有时也可用关系代词
who,如:
Anymanthat/whohasasenseofdutywon
’tdosuchathing.Allthegueststhat/whowere
invitedtoherweddingwereimportantpeople.
2.当先行词被序数词修饰时。
如:
ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinLondonwastheBigBen.
3.当先行词被形容词最高等修饰时。
如:
ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.
4.当先行词被thevery,theonly修饰时。
如:
ThisistheverydictionarythatIwanttobuy.
Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthatheowns.
注意:
当先行词指人时,有时也可用关系代词
who。
如:
WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschoolwhowillattendthemeeting.
5.当先行词前面有who,which
等疑问代词时。
如:
Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?
WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?
6.当先行词为人与物时。
如:
Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedatschool〔三〕关系副词指引的定语从句鷙須鉿轫蠐燈贄殲鉺鼉囅窮糝駕纨。
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高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
1.when指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
当先行词是表时间的名词,比方time,day,week,month,year等;且定语从句中缺时间状语时用when.假定先行词是表时间的名词,定语从句中缺主语或宾语时,用that/which指引。
IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametothisschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallyarrived.Doyouremembertheyearswhenhelivedinthecountrysidewithhisgrandpare?
Doyourememberthedays〔that/which〕wespenttogetherlastyear?
Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwespentourholidaystogether.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.2.where指地址,在定语从句中作地址状语。
假定先行词是表地址的名词,比方park,city,farm,place等;且定语从句中缺地址状语时用where.假定先行词是表地址的名词,定语从句中缺主语或宾语时,用that/which指引。
ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.上海是我出生的城市。
ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.Ivisitedthefarmwherealotofcowswereraised.Shanghaiisthecity(which/that)Iwanttovisit.Iknowaplacewherewecanhaveapicnic.Iknowaplacewhich/thatisfamousforitsbeautifulnaturalscenery.3.why指原由,在定语从句中作原由状语。
假定先行词是reason;且定语从句中缺原由状语时,用why指引。
假定先行词是reason,定语从句中缺主语或宾语,用which/that指引。
Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.Ididn’tbelievethereason(that/which)heexplainedtome注意:
关系副词指引的定语从句常常能够用“介词+关系代词〞指引的定语从句来表示。
如:
Fromtheyearswhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoprimaryschoolinthecountryhehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup.Greatchangesaretakingplaceinthecitywhere/inwhichtheylive.Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisquiteclear.〔四〕“介词+关系代词which/whom〞指引的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,从句常常由“介词+关系代词〞引出。
Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(whichthat)/youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhichyouasked.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtenniswithyesterday.We’llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/who/that)wehaveoftentalkedabout.We’llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.ThemanagerwhosecompanyIworkinpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.ThemanagerinwhosecompanyIworkpaysmuchattentiontoimprovingourworkingconditions.嬷鹎组遙嚣阒戩镖纥詘驥刹搗铣鋅。
注意:
1.含有介词的固定短语动词一般不打开,介词仍放在短语动词的后边。
如:
lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。
Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.(正)ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.(误)Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.(正)鎣艷攜鎘實蠅粵吕諭遲隐亙袄侩鶇。
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高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.〔误〕2.假定介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时只可用whom,不行用who,that;关系代词指物时只可用which,不行用that。
Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(正)蕩锺弃蹤缀擊違鯁纱閭幂斃澗綠镫。
Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.(
误)
TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.(
正)Theplaneinthatweflewto
Canadawasreallycomfortable.(误)
3.“介词+关系代词〞前还可有
some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代
词或许数词。
如:
Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.
Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.
Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.
Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.
本卷须知:
怎样判断
关系代词和关系副词
方法一:
用关系代词,仍是关系副词完好取决于从句中的谓语动词。
不及物动词后边无宾
语,就一定要求用关系副词或许是介词加关系代词;
而及物动词后接宾语,那么要求用关系代
词。
比如:
ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIstayedlastyear.
I'llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.
判断改错〔注:
先显示题,再显示答案,横线;用不一样的颜色表示出。
〕
〔错〕ThisisthemountainvillagewhereIvisitedlastyear.
〔错〕IwillneverforgetthedayswhenIspentinthecountryside.
〔对〕Thisisthemountainvillage(which)Ivisitedlastyear.
〔对〕I'llneverforgetthedays(which)Ispentinthecountryside.
方法二:
正确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分
(主、谓、宾、定、状
),也能正确选择出关
系代词/关系副词。
例1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysago?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhich
D.theone
例2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld?
A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone答案:
关系词的选择依照在从句中所做的成分,先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时,选择关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose);先行词在从句中做状语时,应选择关系副词(where地址状语,when时间状语,why原由状语)。
〔五〕限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句形式上:
不用逗号“,〞与主句分开。
意义上:
是先行词不行缺乏的定语,如删除,主句那么失掉意义或意思表达不完好。
译法上:
译成先行词的定语:
“...的〞关系词的使用上:
A.作宾语时可省略B.可用thatC.可用who取代whom非限制性定语从句形式上:
用逗号“,〞与主句分开。
意义上:
不过对先行词的增补说明,如删除,主句还能表达完好的意思。
译法上:
往常译成主句的并列句。
关系词的使用上:
A.不行省略B.不用thatC.不行用who取代whom限制性定语从句举例:
陸鴕獫剄哟镟励紀隸贶確謠态攏貫。
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高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.InthestreetIsawamanwhowasfromAfrica.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.〔二〕关系代词as和which指引的定语从句as和which指引非限制性定语从句时,其用法有同样之处,也有不一样之处。
详细状况是:
as和which都能够在定语从句中做主语或宾语,代表前面整个句子。
如:
邏遠繳祿鶼荦骀躯凫謠蠍頃貢误颅。
Hemarriedher,as/whichwasnatural.他跟她成婚了,这是很自然的事。
Heishonest,as/whichwecansee.他很老实,
这一点我们看得出来。
2.as指引的非限制性定语从句能够放在主句以前、
主句以后,甚至还能够切割主句。
which
指引的非限制性定语从句只可放在主句以后。
此外,as常常有“正如、正像〞的含义。
如:
Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.
Heisfromthesouth,aswecanknowfromhisaccent.
John,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.
ZhangHuahasbeentoParismorethantentimes,whichIdon
’tbelieve.
注意:
当主句和从句之间存在着逻辑上的因果关系时,关系词常常只用
which。
如:
Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.
Thesetablesaremadeofmetal,whichmadethemveryheavy.
1.当先行词受such,so,thesame修饰时,关系词常用
as。
如:
I’veneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.
Heisnotsuchafoolashelooks.
ThisisthesamedictionaryasIlostlastweek.
注意:
当先行词受thesame修饰时,有时也用
that指引定语从句,但与
as指引的定语从
句意思有差别。
如:
SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’weddings.Sheworethesamedressasher
youngersisterwore.
(三)以theway为先行词时,假定定语从句中缺方式状语,定语从句往常由
inwhich或that
指引,并且还能够省略。
假定定语从句中缺主语或宾语,用〔
that/which〕指引定语从句。
Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.
Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youlaughather.Idon
’tliketheway(that/which)hetold
做定语从句题一般分三步:
第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能
〔做主
语、宾语或状语〕;第三选择适合的关系词。
Exercises:
arethreebedroomsinthehouse,_____isMary's.AthesmallestofwhichBthesmallerofwhichCthesmallestofthemDthesmallestoneGreenswillmoveintothenewhousenextMonday,_____itwillbecompletelyfinished.AbythetimeBbywhichtimeCbythattimeDbythistimehasalargecollectionofphone,_____wastakeninlondon.AnoneofthemBnooneofwhichCallofwhichDnoneofwhichthefastdevelopmentofagriculture,thepeople____villageItaughtbeforelivedahappy檩譙紅塊馋纸佥专辩猻赉隴饼鸾灣。
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高中英语-定语从句练习题带答案
life.AwhoBwhoseCinwhoseDinwhichisamoutain____thetopisalwayscoveredwithsnow.Awhose
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