新标准综合教程四 unit 5.docx
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新标准综合教程四 unit 5.docx
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新标准综合教程四unit5
Activereading
(1)
SexdifferencesinEnglishgossiprules
Readingandunderstanding
3Choosethebestanswertothequestions.
1Whatdoestheresearchquotedinthepassageshow?
(a)Mentalkmoreaboutpoliticsthanaboutfootball.
(b)Womendon’tlikespeakingaboutpoliticsandart.
(c)Mengossipjustasmuchaswomen.
(d)Menandwomengossipinexactlythesameway.
2Whatdomendowhenwomenarepresent?
(a)Theytendtotalkaboutthemselves.
(b)Theychangetheirtoneofvoice.
(c)Theyspeakmoreaboutpoliticsandartthanusual.
(d)Theyletwomendomostofthespeaking.
3Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenmaleandfemalegossip?
(a)Womendon’trealizetheyaregossiping.
(b)Menonlygossipoutdoors.
(c)Womenspeakmoreaboutthemselvesthanmendo.
(d)Menspeakmoreaboutthemselvesthanwomendo.
4Whatis“thetonerule”inwomen’sgossip?
(a)Useaspecialtoneofvoicetoshowthatyouaregossiping.
(b)Itisimportanttokeepaflatunemotionaltone.
(c)Don’tchangeyourtoneofvoicewhenyoustartgossiping.
(d)Alwaysstartgossipingbyusingalowwhisper.
5Whatis“thedetailrule”?
(a)Youshouldavoidboringdetailswhenyougossip.
(b)Whengossipingaboutpeopleit’simportanttoquotewhattheyactuallysaid.
(c)Youshouldavoidtalkingaboutwhypeopledidsomething.
(d)Itdoesn’tmatterifyourgossipisvague.
6Whatdoes“thefeedbackrule”sayaboutlisteners?
(a)Theyshouldkeepquietwhilesomeoneisgossiping.
(b)Theyshouldn’tshowsurprise.
(c)Theyshouldbelieveeverythingtheyhear.
(d)Theyshouldshowinterestandenthusiasm.
4Numberthedifferentpartsofthepassageintheorderinwhichtheyoccur.
1Refertorecentresearchtodispelthemythaboutmalegossip.
2Revealthatmenchangetopicofconversationwhenwomenarepresent.
3Focusonthedifferenceofcontentbetweenmaleandfemalegossip.
4Suggestthatthemythaboutmalegossipisreallyaproblemofterminology.
5Presentadetailed,technicalaccountofhowwomengossip.
6Concludethatthevitaldifferencebetweenmaleandfemalegossipliesinthepositiveresponseoftheaudience.
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1inawaythatisimpossibletodoubtandeasytosee(decidedly)
2thereasonthatyoudosomething(motive)
3main,ormostimportant(principal)
4withqualitiesthoughttobetypicalofmen(masculine)
5tocriticizesomething,ortosuggestitisnotgoodenoughforyou(sniff)
6livelyoractive(animated)
6CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.
WhenSimonaVenturabecamethehostoftheItalianTVsoccerprogramme,alotofpeople
(1)sniffed
atthedecision.Whatcouldawomandoinsucha
(2)decidedlymale-dominatedworld?
Theyargued.
Butthe(3)motivebehindthechoiceofSimonaasthenewpresentersoonbecameapparent.Rather
thanchangetofittheprogramme–thereisnothing(4)masculineabouther–shecreatedanew,more
modernshow,the(5)principalaimofwhichistoentertainthewholefamily.Theoldstyle,lengthyandrathertechnicalanalysesoffootballmatches,hasbeenreplacedbyalivelyTVprogramme,whichis(6)animatedbyguestcelebrities,dancersandsingers,aswellasextractsfromtheday’stopmatches.
7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthefollowingwords.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.
1Culturalandintellectualprogrammestendtobebroadcastverylateintheevening.(highbrow)
2AtthebeginningIwasveryshy,butIsoongottoknoweveryoneandmadefriends.(initially)
3ThecourseIenjoyedmostwhenIwasstudyinglinguisticswastheoneontherelationshipbetween
wordsandmeanings.(semantics)
4TofindoutmoreaboutEnglishasaworldlanguage,weneedreliablepeoplewhoareabletogive
information.(informants)
5ShesentmeabunchofroseswhenIgotthejob,andIdidthesamewhenshegotpromoted.
(reciprocated)
6Forsomementhereisstillafeelingofembarrassmentanduneaseabouttakingordersfromafemale
superior.(stigma)
7Afterthegoalwasdisallowed,mostofthewordsIcouldhearwereswearwords.(expletives)
8Youcan’tspeaklikethattosomeoneyoudon’tknow.It’samatterofrulesofsocialbehaviour.(etiquette)
9Onlyafteraverycarefulandtime-consumingeditingwillthisbookbereadyforpublication.
(exhaustive)
8Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.
1Doesscandalousbehaviour(a)makeyoufeeluncomfortable,or(b)leaveyouindifferent?
2Ifyoubemoansomething,doyou(a)expresspleasure,or(b)complainaboutit?
3Ifyourakeoversomething,doyou(a)wanttoforgetit,or(b)keeptalkingaboutit?
4Ifyouareappreciativeofsomethingsomeonehasdoneforyou,doyou(a)thankthem,or(b)criticizethem?
5Ifamanhasaneffeminatemanner,doeshemakeyouthinkof(a)achild,or(b)awoman?
6Iscampbehaviour(a)typicalof,or(b)differentfromestablishednormsaboutthetraditionalmalewayofdoingthings?
Activereading
(2)
Marked:
womenintheworkplace
Readingandunderstanding
3Choosethebestsummaryofthepassage.
1TheEnglishlanguagereflectsandreinforcesthesexistattitudesofsociety,whetherweconsiderwordssuchasactress,whichisalessseriousequivalentofthewordactor,ortitleswegivewomen,suchasMrs,MissandMs.Thisonlysummarizesthefirstsection,butthetitleshouldindicatethatasummarywouldsaymorethanthis,includingthepointsabouthairstyleorclothes.
2Womenfinditmuchhardertogetonintheworkplacebecausetheyhavetospendtoomuchtime
thinkingaboutwhatclothestowear,orwhathairstyletheyshouldhave.Thisisonlyonepoint.Itdoesn’tsummaraizethemainideaandexamplesoflanguageuse.
3Womenconstantlyhavetomakechoicesaboutdressandappearance,andeventhewaytheysigntheirnames,whichleadpeopletomakejudgmentsaboutthem;mendonothavetomakethesamechoices.Althoughthisdoesn’temphasizelanguage,itsummarizesthemainideaofchoice(marked/unmarked).
4Choosethebestanswertothequestions.
1Whichofthefollowingwordsismarked?
(a)Doctor.(b)Actor.(c)Actress.(d)Poet.
2Whatdoesamarkedfemaleendingtoawordusuallyconvey?
(a)Physicalattractiveness.(b)Alackofauthority.
(c)Alackofseriousness.(d)Greaterprofessionalcompetence.
3Whatdidthewriternoticeataconference?
(a)Allthewomenweredressedinthesameway.
(b)Allthemenweredressedinthesameway.
(c)Oneofthemenworeacowboyshirtandjeans.
(d)Noneofthewomenworesensibleshoes.
4Whatdidawomanwithhighheelsdoattheconference?
(a)Shewasisolatedbyherfemalecolleagues.
(b)Shewasthefirsttocompleteagrouptask.
(c)Shebrokeoneoftheheelswhenshehadtomakeatrek.
(d)Shetookoffhershoesandattractedagroupofmen.
5Whatdidamalecolleaguetellafemalelawyertodobeforeshewenttocourt?
(a)Toputonajacketoverherblouse.
(b)Todoupabuttononherblouse.
(c)Toundoabuttononherblouse.
(d)Towearsomethingwithdarkercolours.
6Whatisawomanoftenaskedtodowhenfillinginaform?
(a)Choosefromfourtitles.
(b)Givebothhermarriedandunmarriedname.
(c)Giveinformationabouthermarriedstatus.
(d)Avoidusingthetitle“Dr”.
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1theplacewhereyouwork(workplace)
2tomeansomething(denote)
3tomakesomethingorsomeonebecomegraduallylesseffective,confident,orsuccessful(undermine)
4tothinkthatsomethingistruebecauseitislikely,althoughyoucannotbecertain(presume)
5aregularandimportantpartorfeatureofsomething(staple)
6involvingorconsistingofmanypeople,things,orparts(multiple)
7expressingwhatyoumeanusingclearandeffectivelanguage(eloquent)
8usedtodescribeawordthatreferstoonepersonorthing(singular)
9behavinginaveryunfriendlyorthreateningwaytowardssomeone(hostile)
10tosayorwritewordsthatsomeoneelsehassaidorwritten(quote)
11togivesomeoneresponsibilityforanimportantjoboractivity(entrust)
6CompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.
1Melaniegottoherfeetandmadeaeloquentdefenceoftherightsofwomenintheworkplace.
2ThereareanumberofwordsinEnglish,suchaspeople,whichalthoughtechnicallyinthesingularform,inactualfactdenoteapluralmeaning.
3Thedarksuitisastapleofthebusinessman’swardrobe,andIpresumeitwillremainsoforalongtime.
4Thehostilereceptionhegotatthemeetingislikelytounderminealltheworkthathasbeendonerecentlytoimproverelationsbetweenstaffandmanagement.
5Jasonsufferedmultipleinjuriesintheaccident,andwedidn’twanttoentrustaninexperiencedsurgeonwiththeoperation.
6Ithinkthatmostworldleadersinthenextcenturywillbewomen,butdon’tquotemeonthat.
7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthefollowingwords.Youmayneedtomakeotherchanges.
1Don’tforgettoputonabitoflipstickandmascarabeforeyougoout.(make-up)
2Thecandidatedisplayedalackofseriousnesswhichwefeltwasnotappropriatetothepositionhewasapplyingfor.(frivolousness)
3IneedtocheckmyfreedatesinMarchbeforeIcanconfirmwhetherIshallbeabletoattendtheconference.(availability)
4Hehasanattractivesmilewhichpeoplefindhardtoresist.(alluring)
5Thislistofparticipantsneedstobeputintoalphabeticalorder.(alphabetized)
6Thefirstpersonofficiallysuggestedasgeneralsecretaryhadtowithdrawduetoillhealth.(nominee)
7Afterthefirstremarksofferingcongratulations
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