期末北京重点城区东区.docx
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期末北京重点城区东区.docx
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期末北京重点城区东区
2020九年级期末各区县英语阅表汇编
1.2020西城期末
Whatdoyousaywhenyoupickupthephone?
Yousay“hello”,ofcourse.
Whatdoyousaywhensomeoneintroducesafriend,arelative,anybodyatall?
Yousay“hello”.
“Hello"hasbeenforalongtimeconsideredtobethestandardEnglishlanguagegreetingsinceEnglishpeoplebegangreeting.Butisthattrue?
ItmaybethemostspokenwordontheplanetandtheEnglishwordthatmostpeoplelearnfirst.Thewordissofamiliartousthatit’ssurprisinghownewitis:
"hello"hasonlybeeninuseforaboutthelast200yearsofthe1000-yearhistoryofEnglish.
TheOxfordEnglishDictionarysaysthefirstpublisheduseof"hello”goesbackonlyto1827.Butitwasn’tmainlyagreetingbackthen.Peopleinthe1830ssaid"hello”toattractattention("Hello,whatdoyouthinkyou'redoing?
"),ortoexpresssurprise(“Hello,whatdowehavehere?
”).
Butthetruebreakthroughforthisnow-commonwordwaswhenitwasusedintheserviceofbrand-newtechnology:
thetelephone.AccordingtotheOxfordEnglishDictionary,itwasThomasEdisonwhoput“hello"intocommonusage.Heaskedthepeoplewhousedhisphonetosay“hello"whenanswering—whichrequiredpeopletoaddressanunseenandunknownperson.Itwassimplerandmoreefficient(高效的)thansomeothergreetingsusedintheearlydaysofthetelephone,suchas“DoIgetyou?
”and"Areyouthere?
”However,theactualinventorofthetelephone,AlexanderGrahamBell,thoughtthatthebetterwordwas“ahoy”,whichturnsouttobemuchlonger—atleast100yearslonger—than"hello”.Ittoo,wasagreetingfromtheDutch(荷兰语)"hoi"meaning"hello."Forhisentirelife.Bellinsistedonansweringthephonewith“Ahoy.”
“Hello"obviouslycaughton,andspreadalongwiththetelephone.HaditnotbeenforEdison,ourgreetingsmightbeverydifferenttoday.Itcouldbepossiblethatwearestillgreetingpeoplewith"Ahoy”whenpickingupthephone.
34.Howlonghasuhello"beenusedinthe1000-yearhistoryoftheEnglishlanguage?
35.Whatwasthepurposeofpeoplesaying“hello”inthe1830s?
36.Whoput“hello”intocommonusage?
37.WhatworddidBellprefertousewhenansweringthephone?
38.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
2.2020通州期末:
TheBloodGroupAlphabet
Sometimespeoplelosetoomuchbloodfrominjuriesoraccidents.Tosavetheirlives,doctorsmustreplacethelostblood.Inanoperationcalledatransfusion,doctorsputbloodgivenbyhealthypeopleintotheveins(静脉)ofthesickorinjuredperson.Buttheymustbecareful.Althoughallbloodlooksthesame,therearereallydifferenttypesofblood.Someonegettingthewrongtypeofbloodinatransfusionmaybecomeverysickorevendie.
Allbloodismadeupofredandwhitecells,andaliquid(液体)calledplasma(血浆).Itistheredcellsthatcausebloodtobedifferenttypes.Ontheoutsideoftheredcellsofsomepeople'sbloodareproteins(蛋白质).Doctorsgrouptheseproteinsintotwodifferentclasses,AandB.PeoplewiththeAproteinhaveTypeAblood,whilepeoplewiththeBproteinhaveBtypeblood.Ifsomeonehappenstohavebothproteins,thatpersonhasTypeABblood.Somepeopledon'thaveeitherprotein,andtheirbloodiscalledTypeO.
Ifapersonreceivesatransfusionofthewrongtypeofblood,thebodysensesthestrangeproteinonthenewbloodcells.Sothebodydestroysthenewblood,andthepatientgoesintoshock.Forexample,peoplewithTypeAbloodwillbecomeverysickiftheyaregivenTypeBproteinbecausetheirbodiestrytodestroythestrangeTypeBprotein.PeoplewithTypeObloodhavenoproteinsontheircells,sotheirbodieswilldestroybothTypeAandTypeBblood.TheycanonlyreceiveTypeOblood.ButpeoplewithTypeABbloodhavebothproteins,sotheycanreceiveTypeA,TypeBandTypeABblood.ThesepeoplearecalledUniversalReceivers.PeopleofanytypecanreceiveTypeObloodbecauseithasnoproteinforthebodytofightagainst.SoTypeOpeoplearecalledUniversalDonors.
Doctorsarealwayscarefultotestbloodforitstypebeforeitisusedinatransfusion.Althoughthewrongtypeofbloodcanbeharmful,therighttypecansavealife.
34.Whatisthebloodmadeupof?
35.Howmanyclassesdodoctorsgrouptheproteinsinto?
36.Whattypeofblooddoesthepersonhaveifsomeonedoesn'thaveeitherprotein?
37.WhycanpeoplewithTypeObloodonlyreceiveTypeOblood?
38.AreTypeABpeoplecalledUniversalDonors?
3.2020海淀期末:
ItisreportedthatteahashelpedpoorfarmersinYunnanfindawayoutofpoverty(贫穷)thankstotheeffortsofaman,whohadachancetocomeacrosssomelocalfarmersthere.
RenHuaicanwassufferingmassmouthulcers(溃疡)whenhefirstvisitedtheJingmaiMountaininPu'ercityinthespringof2006.However,afterpickingoffseveralleavesfromtheoldteatreesandchewingthem,hefeltamazedtofindthepainwasgonethenextmorning.ThefactthatthegreenleavesworkedmagicforhimmadeRenbegintoshowgreatinterestintheteafromYunnan.
DuringhissearchforteaproductionbasesinthemountainsacrossYunnan,hefoundthatthelocalteabusinesswasscattered(分散的)andmostoftheteafarmerswerelivinginextremepoverty.Renrealizedwhatledtotheteaindustryproblemwasnotonlytheunderdevelopedteamarket,butalsothepovertyofthelocalteafarmers.Sohemadeuphismindtochangethingsintheteaindustryinordertohelpthelocalpeoplegetoutofpoverty.
InSeptember2006,heestablishedtheKunmingColorfulYunnanKing-ShineTeaIndustryCo.Ithiredpoorpeasantsfromneighboringareastoremoveweedsandpicktealeaves.Professionaltechnicianswereinvitedtoteachthepeasantshowtodotheirjobsscientifically.Besides,forthefarmerswholivedofftheoldteatrees,thecompanytaughtthemhowtoscientificallymanagetheirtreesandproducethebesttea.Asaresult,theirteaqualityhasgreatlyimproved,andthepricehasgoneup.Inthisway,theteacompanyhashelpedmanypeoplegetoutofpoverty.
OnemanagerinthecompanyturneddownhigherincomesandjobopportunitiesinBeijing.Hefoundithardtoleavebecauseofallthethingstheyhaddoneandallthepeoplehehadknown.“Weareabigfamily,”hesaid.
55.WhendidRenHuaicanfirstvisittheJingmaiMountaininPu'ercity?
56.HowdidRenHuaicanfeelwhenhefoundthepainwasgone?
57.Whatledtotheteaindustryproblem?
58.Whatthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?
59.WhydidthemanagertumdownhigherincomesandjobopportunitiesinBeijing?
4.2020东城期末
YoungInventorCreatesPlasticfromFishScales
LucyHughes,a24-year-oldEnglishinventor,hasusedfishskinandscales(鳞)tocreateanewkindofplasticthatwillbreakdowninaboutsixweeks.Herinventionwon2019JamesDysonAward,whichwascreatedbythefamousEnglishinventorJamesDysontoencouragestudentstotrytousetheircreativitytosolveproblemsintherealworld.
LucyHughesstudiedhowtodesignproductsattheUniversityofSussexinEngland.Asadesigner,sheknewalotabouthowwastefulmanyproductsare.Plasticbags,forexample,areoftenusedonceforashorttimeandthenthrownaway.Shedecidedtochallengeherselftomakesomethingoutofwasteinstead.
TheUniversityofSussexisn'tfarfromthecoast.Ms.Hughesspentsometimestudyingthefishingbusinessandthewastefromfishthatwerethrownaway.Aftersometests,shedecidedthatthefishskinandscalesseemedlikethemostlikelypartsforherproduct.Shetriedmorethan100differentexperimentsbeforegettingthingsjustright.Ms.Hughescalledherfinishedproduct"MarinaTex".Itsolvestwoproblems:
thesingle-useplasticandfishwaste.
MarinaTexisclearandfeelslikeplastic,butit'sstrongerthannormalplasticthatisofthesamethickness.Itisalsocheaptomakesinceit'smadefromfishwaste.TheprocessofmakingMarinaTexalsodoesn'tusemuchenergy.Mostimportantly,MarinaTexdoesn'ttakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Onitsown.itbreaksdowninfourtosixweeks.
Forwinningthecontest,Ms.Hugheswillearn£30,000.Herschoolwillget£5,000.Sheislookingforwardtomovingaheadwithheridea.ShehopestheawardmoneywillhelpherwiththeprocessofgettingMarinaTexintouseasquicklyaspossible.ShethinksthatoneofthebestusesforMarinaTexwillbeinsomekindsoffoodpackaging.
39.WhatdidLucyHughescreate?
40.HowmanyexperimentsdidLucyHughestry?
41.WhatproblemsdoesMarinaTexsolve?
42.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?
43.HowwillLucyHughespossiblyspendtheawardmoney?
5.2020丰台期末
LearningwithLegos
Formorethan60years,Legobricks(砖块)havedevelopedchildren'simaginations.Now,anewformofthesetoysiscalledLegoBrailleBricks.Itisbeingtestedaroundtheworld.
LegoBrailleBricksaredesignedtohelppeoplelearnBraille(盲文).That'sasystemofwritinginwhichlettersarereplacedbyraisedknobs(凸起).ThesmallknobsonthebricksareputasBrailleletters.BlindchildrencanusetheirfingertipstoreadtheknobstolearnBraille.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,36millionpeopleworldwideareblind.IntheUnitedStates,only10%ofblindchildrenlearnBraille.LegoBrailleBrickscanhelpchangethat.
BrailleBrickswillbelaunched(上市)byLegoin2020.Forsomeschools,itwillbefree.TheDanishAssociationoftheBlindwasoneofthefirstorganizationstocomeupwiththeideaofusingLegobrickstoteachBraille.ThorkildOlesen,thepresidentoftheorganization,isblind.Hesaysmanyteachersdon'thavethetoolsandskillstohelpkidslearnBraille.Sotheyteachwithaudiotools,suchasaudiobooks.“Likeanyotherpeople,weneedtoexpressourselvesinwriting”OlesentoldTIMEforKids."Audioisgreat.ButitcanneverreplaceBraille.Br
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