英语四级阅读模拟真题与解析合集.docx
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英语四级阅读模拟真题与解析合集.docx
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英语四级阅读模拟真题与解析合集
英语四级2021年阅读模拟真题与解析合集
(一)
Likeaneedleclimbingupabathroomscale,thenumberkeepsrising.In1991,15%ofAmericanswereobese(肥胖的); by1999,thatproportionhadgrownto27%.Youngsters,whoshouldhaveageandactivityontheirside,aregrowinglargeraswell:
19%ofAmericansunder17areobese.Waistbandshavebeenpoppinginotherwesterncountriestoo,asphysicalactivityhasdeclinedanddietshaveexpanded.Byandlarge,peopleintherichworldseemtohavelostthefightagainstflab(松弛).
Meanwhile,poorernationshaveenjoyedsomesuccessintheirbattlesagainstmalnutritionandfamine.But,accordingtoresearchpresentedattheannualmeetingoftheAmericanAssociationfortheAdvancementofScience,itismoreacaseofbeingoutofthefryingpanandintothefire.ThemoststrikingexampleactuallyinthepoorworldcomesfromthePacificislands,homeoftheworld’smostobesecommunities.In1966,14%ofthemenonthisislandwereobesewhile100%ofmenundertheageof30in1996wereobese.
Thisincreaseinweighthasbeenunevenaswellasfast.Asaresult,undernourishedandover-nourishedpeoplefrequentlylivecheekbyjowl(面颊).Themixcanevenoccurwithinasinglehousehold.Astudyoffamiliesin Indonesia foundthatnearly10%containedboththehungryandthefat.Thisisamysteriousphenomenon,butmighthavesomethingtodowithpeopleofdifferentagesbeinggivendifferentamountsoffoodtoeat.
Theprospectofheadingofftheseproblemsisbleak.Inmanyaffectedcountriesthereareculturalfactorstocontendwith,suchasanemphasisoneatinglargemealstogether,oronfoodasaform.ofhospitality.Moreover,thereisagoodmeasureofdisbeliefonthepartofpolicymakersthatsuchaproblemCouldexistintheircountries.Addtothatreluctanceonthepartofgovernmentstospendresourcesonpromotingdietandexercisewhilestarvationisstillarealthreat,andtheresultisarecipeforinaction.Unlesssomethingisdonesoon,itmightnotbepossibletoturntheclockback.
英语四级阅读模拟试题 :
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Thefirstsentenceofthepassagemostprobablyimpliesthat______.
A.manyAmericansareobsessedwiththerisingtemperatureintheirbathroom
B.morepeopleareoverweighedinthe UnitedStates
C.peoplearedoingmorephysicalexerciseswiththehelpofscales
D.youngstersbecometallerandhealthierthankstomoreactivities
2.Asphysicalexercisedeclinesanddietexpands,______.
A.otherwesterncountrieshasbeendefeatedbyfat
B.obesityhasbecomeanepidemic(流行病)oftherichworld
C.waistbandsbegintobepopularinotherwesterncountries
D.westerncountriescannolongerfightagainstobesity
3.WhichisNOTthepointoftheexampleofthe Pacific Islands?
A.Thepoorcommunityhasshakenoffpovertyandpeoplearewell-fednow.
B.Obesityisbecomingaprobleminthedevelopingworldtoo.
C.Excessiveweightincreasewillcausenolessharmthanthefoodshortage.
D.Theproblemofoverweightemergesveryfast.
4.Oftacklingobesityinthepoorworld,wecanlearnfromthepassagethat
A.thematterissocomplexastogobeyondourcapacity
B.nomatterwhatwedo,theprospectwillalwaysbebleak
C.itisstarvation,therealthreat,thatneedstobesolved
D.weshouldtakeimmediateactionsbeforeitbecomesincurable
5.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Obesityisnowaglobalproblemthatneedstackling.
B.Theweightsincreasefastthroughoutthewholeworld.
C.Obesityandstarvationaretwomainproblemsinthepoorworld.
D.Obesityhasshiftedfromtherichworldtothepoorworld.
英语四级阅读参考答案
1.[B] 推理判断题。
根据第1段第2句可推断第1句中的thenumber是指体重增加的人数,故答案为B。
2.[B] 推理判断题。
本题需要正确理解借代修饰手法。
Waistbandshavebeenpopping形象刻画出其他西方社会急剧肥胖化的过程,故答案为B。
本题很明显是考查因果关系的,第1段倒数第2句明确指出这个因果关系,只要根据该句做出选择就可以了。
如果看得过远,反而有可能误选A或D。
3.[A] 事实细节题。
此处的例子是证明前一句话的,即But后面的内容。
同时,两个年份的比较也突出问题发展的迅猛,从而印证下一段的主题句“Thisincreaseinweighthasbeenunevenaswellasfast.”说明了贫穷与肥胖是并存的。
例子一般是用来证明紧挨着的前面或后面的论述,此处证明的观点在之前,其中的重点应该是But后面的内容,所以选项A与文中意思不符。
注意本题要选的是NOTthepointoftheexample。
4.[D] 观点态度题。
文章最后一句扭转了整段的基调。
作者呼吁解决这一问题,前文正是为此作铺垫,突出问题的复杂性和时间的紧迫性。
5.[A] 主旨大意题。
本文话题为obesity,作者从美国谈到所有西方国家,最后重点讨论其在发展中国家的最新发展趋势以及种种可能的成因,并强调应当尽早解决问题,故选项A正确。
肥胖问题的阵营没有转移,只是扩大了,故选项D不对。
选项B只是片面信息,没有包括最后一段关于如何解决肥胖问题的内容。
选项C中的starvation并非本文讨论的主要话题。
(二)
Ithappenstoeverymedicalstudentsoonerorlater.Yougetacoughthatpersistsforawhile.Ordinarily,youwouldjustignoreit--butnow,armedwithyourrapidlygrowingmedicalknowledge,youcan’thelpworrying.Thecoughcouldmeanjustacold,butitcouldalsobeasignoflungcancer.
Fordoctorsintraining,nursesandmedicaljournalists,hypochondriaisanoccupationaldanger.Thefeelingusuallypassesafterawhile,leavingonlyafunnystorytotellatadinnerparty.Butforthetensofthousandswhosufferfromtruehypochondriatheyliveinconstantterrorthattheyaredyingofsomeawfuldisease,orevenseveralawfuldiseasesatonce.Doctorscanassurethemthatthere’snothingwrong,butsincethecoughisreal,theassurancesfallondeafears.Andbecausenophysicianortestcanoffera100%guaranteethatonedoesn’thavecancer,ahypochondriacalwayshasfueltofeedIris.orherworstfears.
Hypochondriacsdon’tharmjustthemselves; theyblockthewholehealthcaresystem.Althoughtheyaccountforonlyabout6%ofthepatientswhovisitdoctorseveryyear,theytendtoburdentheirphysicianswithfrequentvisitsthattakeupexcessiveamountsoftime.Andtheproblemmaybeworse,thankstothepopularityofmedicalinformationontheInternet.TheygoontheWebandlearnaboutnewdiseasesandnewpresentationsofolddiseasesthattheyneverevenknewaboutbefore.Doctorshavetakentocallingthisphenomenoncyberchondria (网络疑病症).
英语四级阅读模拟题 :
Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:
1.Accordingtothepassage,ifyousufferfromhypochondria,______.
A.youmustbeamedicalstudent,oramedicalworker
B.youarehauntedbyapossiblyinexistentdisease
C.youwillnevergetridofthisdisease
D.youalwaystellfunnystoriesatdinnerparties
2.Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Hypochondriahappenstoeverybodysoonerorlater.
B.Weneedn’tworryabouthypochondriasinceitisnotdangerousatall.
C.Hypochondriaoriginatesfromtoomuchknowledgeofmedicine.
D.Notonlyindividualsbutalsothehealthcaresystemmightbedisturbedbyunnecessaryterrors.
3.Whycan’tdoctorsconvincethesuffersthatthereisnothingwrong?
A.Becausethedoctorscan’tcuretheminordiseases
B.Becausethedoctorsdon’tassurethemofthat
C.Becausethesufferersaredeafandcannothearwhatthedoctorssay
D.Becauselackofabsoluteguaranteemakesthepatientsdoubtful
4.Theproblembecomesworsedueto
A.theincreasingnumberofpatients
B.thewidespreadmedicalknowledgeontheInternet
C.thepatients,regularvisitstodoctorsthatoccupytoomuchtime
D.newdiseasesandsymptomsemergeconstantly
5.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkabouthypochondria?
A.Theauthorconsidersthathypochondriaisanincurabledisease
B.Theauthorthinksthattheconsequencesofhypochondriamightbedisastrous
C.Theauthorsuggeststhatthepatientswhohavehypochondriashouldsettheirheartsatrest
D.Theauthorsympathizeswiththepatientswhosufferfromhypochondria
英语四级阅读参考答案
1.[B] 事实细节题。
仔细读完第2段后半部分,不难发现hypochondria只是瞎猜疑,故选项B正确。
时常怀疑自己生病是医务人员的职业病,但为此困扰的并不仅仅是他们,因为第2段第3句说:
“But...whosufferfromtruehypochondria...”,说明医务人员不是真正的疑病症患者,故选项A不正确。
选项C过于极端。
选项D是对原文断章取义。
2.[D] 主旨大意题。
第1段以举例方式引入主题,第2段对hypochondria下定义,第3段则论述其对医疗保健体系造成的干扰,选项D正确全面地概括了文章大意,为正确答案。
全文的中心词是hypochondria,在四个选项中,干扰项(选项A、B、C)都出现了该词,只有正确选项(选项D)没有直接使用该词。
3.[D] 事实细节题。
根据文中的“becausenophysicianortestcanoffera100%guaranteethatonedoesn’thavecancer...”即可得出选项D正确。
原文虽有表示“咳嗽确实存在”,但这并不意味着医生不能治好类似的小毛病,因此选项A不正确。
误选C是没有正确理解短语fallondeafears,该固定表达的意思是“充耳不闻”。
4.[B] 推理判断题。
句中thanksto是讽刺的用法,引出原因,故选项B正确。
本题考查因果关系,要辨别明显的因果关系,只要关注文中是否有because,reason,dueto,thanksto,result等词即可。
5.[C] 观点态度题。
从作者对hypochondria的描述可以看出此病只是源于多疑,并非生理上的不治之症,因此只要病人们放宽心,此病就能痊愈。
故选项C正确。
选项A的incurable和B的disastrous都太绝对,比较容易排除。
而本文基调较为客观,作者没有表露个人情感,故选项D也不正确。
(三)
Ofallthecomponentsofagoodnight'ssleep,dreamsseemtobeleastwithinourcontrol.Indreams,awindowopensintoaworldwherelogicissuspendedanddeadpeoplespeak.Acenturyago,Freudformulatedhisrevolutionarytheorythatdreamswerethedisguisedshadowsofourunconsciousdesiresandfears; bythelate1970s,neurologistshadswitchedtothinkingofthemasjust"mentalnoise"-therandombyproductsoftheneuralrepairworkthatgoesonduringsleep.Nowresearcherssuspectthatdreamsarepartofthemind'semotionalthermostat,regulatingmoodswhilethebrainis"offline."Andoneleadingauthoritysaysthattheseintenselypowerfulmentaleventscanbenotonlyharnessedbutactuallybroughtunderconsciouscontrol,tohelpussleepandfeelbetter."It'syourdream,"saysRosalindCartwright,chairofpsychologyatChicago'sMedicalCenter,"ifyoudon'tlikeit,changeit."
helinkbetweendreamsandemotionsshowsupamongthepatientsinCartwright'sclinic.Mostpeopleseemtohavemorebaddreamsearlyinthenight,progressingtowardhappieronesbeforeawakening,suggestingthattheyareworkingthroughnegativefeelingsgeneratedduringtheday.Becauseourconsciousmindisoccupie
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